H1580 H1580
To deal fully with, recompense; also to wean a child or ripen fruit -- all expressing completion of a process
A verb whose semantic range reveals an underlying unity: bringing something to its full, completed state. Whether repaying someone for what they have done (Gen 50:15), weaning a child from the breast (Gen 21:8), or fruit ripening on the vine (Num 17:8), gamal always implies a process reaching its natural conclusion. The psalmist's cry 'Deal bountifully with your servant' (Ps 119:17) draws on this same root, asking God to bring generous action to completion. French captures the weaning and dealing senses with different verbs (sevrer vs. rendre), while Spanish unifies repayment under 'recompensar' but uses 'destetar' for weaning -- exposing the semantic stretch that Hebrew holds together under one root.
3. deal bountifully, do good — To deal bountifully or act generously toward someone, without the strict reciprocal logic of repayment. The psalmist pleads 'Deal bountifully with your servant' (Ps 119:17) and testifies 'He has dealt bountifully with me' (Ps 13:6; 116:7). Proverbs 11:17 says the merciful person 'deals well with his own soul.' English uniformly renders this 'deal bountifully,' and Spanish uses 'hacer bien,' both highlighting unilateral generosity rather than tit-for-tat exchange. 5×
AR["أَحسَنَ","أَحْسَنَ","أَحْسِنْ","تُجْزِلُ","مُحْسِنٌ"]·ben["তিনি-প্রতিদান-করেছেন","তিনি-মঙ্গল-করেছেন","প্রতিফল-দাও","মঙ্গল-কর","যে-উপকার-করে"]·DE["[גמל]","deal-bountifully","du-deal-bountifully","er-hat-dealt-bountifully","hat-dealt-bountifully"]·EN["deal-bountifully","has-dealt-bountifully","he-has-dealt-bountifully","he-who-benefits","you-deal-bountifully"]·FR["rendre","récompenser"]·heb["גומל","גמול","גמל","תגמול"]·HI["उसने-भलाई-की-है","तू-भलाई-करेगा","भलाई-करनेवाला","भलाई-की"]·ID["Engkau-memperlakukan-dengan-baik","Ia-berbuat-baik","Yang-berbuat-baik","berbuat-baik","berilah-kebaikan"]·IT["ricompensare","ripago'"]·jav["Maringi-kanugrahan","Panjenengan-males","paring-sih","sampun-maringi-kanugrahan","tiyang-kang-maringi"]·KO["값는-자-는","갚으셨음이라","당신-이-갚으실-것이다","베푸셨도다","베푸소서"]·PT["Faz-bem","Quem-faz-bem","me-fez-bem","retribuirás","te-fez-bem"]·RU["Яви-милость","благодетельствующий","воздал","воздашь","облагодетельствовал"]·ES["Haz-bien","hace-bien","me-ha-hecho-bien","me-recompensarás","te-ha-hecho-bien"]·SW["amekutendea","amenitendea-wema","anayewafanyia-wema","mtendee","utanilipa"]·TR["iyilik-edeceksin","iyilik-etti","iyilik-yapan","lütfet"]·urd["احسان-کر","احسان-کیا","اُس-نے-احسان-کیا-ہے","بھلائی-کرنے-والا","تو-احسان-کرتا-ہے"]
▼ 3 more senses below
Senses
1. repay, recompense, requite — To deal out, repay, or requite -- giving back in proportion to what was received, whether for good or evil. Jacob's sons fear Joseph will 'repay' them for their cruelty (Gen 50:15, 17), and David asks 'Have I repaid evil to my ally?' (1 Sam 24:17). Spanish 'recompensar/pagar' and English 'requite/reward' both carry the reciprocal logic. Deuteronomy 32:6 uses it of Israel's ingratitude: 'Do you thus repay the LORD?' 18×
AR["الَّتِي-كَافَأْتِ","تُجَازُونَ","جازانا","جازَتْهُ","جازَيتَني","جازَيتُكَ","جَازَانَا","جَازَاهُمْ","جَازَيْتُ","جَلَبُوا","كافَأْتُموني","كَافَأُوكَ","كَافَأْنَاهُ","يُسِئْ-إِلَيْكَ","يُكَافِئُنِي","يُكَافِئُونَنَا"]·ben["আমরা-প্রতিদান-করেছি","আমি-প্রতিদান-করেছি","করেছে-তোমার","তারা-করেছিল","তিনি-দিয়েছেন-আমাদের","তিনি-দিয়েছেন-তাদের","তিনি-প্রতিফল-দিয়েছেন","তিনি-প্রতিফল-দেন","দিয়েছ-আমাকে","দিয়েছি-তোমাকে","প্রতিদান-করছ","প্রতিদান-দিচ্ছে","প্রতিদান-দেবেন-আমাকে","প্রতিফল-দিয়েছে","প্রতিফল-দেবে-","প্রতিফল-দেবেন-আমাকে","যা-প্রতিফল-দিয়েছিলে","সে-তাকে-প্রতিদান-করে"]·DE["He-rewards-mich","[גמלו]","[גמלים]","[גמלך]","[גמלם]","[גמלנו]","[גמלתהו]","der-du-dealt","du-vergelten","habe-repaid-du","habe-repaid-mich","hat-er-repaid","ich-haben-repaid","rewarded-mich","sollte-reward-mich","taten-sie-dir-an","wir-ihm-angetan-haben"]·EN["He-has-done-for-them","He-has-done-for-us","He-rewards-me","I-have-repaid","dealt-we","dealt-you","has-he-repaid","have-repaid-me","have-repaid-you","he-has-done-to-you","repaying","rewarded-me","she-does-him","should-reward-me","that-you-dealt","they-have-dealt","you-repay"]·FR["Il-rewards-moi","[גמלים]","ai-repaid-moi","ai-repaid-tu","dealt-nous","dealt-tu","devrait-récompense-moi","rendre","récompenser-lui","récompenser-toi","tu-repay"]·heb["גּוֹמלים","גמל","גמלו","גמלוך-ך","גמלים","גמלך","גמלם","גמלנו","גמלת-ני","גמלתהו","גמלתי","גמלתי-ך","יגמל-ני","יגמלנ-י","יגמלני","שׁ-גמלת","תגמלו-"]·HI["उन्होंने-किया","किया-है-उनके-लिए","किया-है-तुझे","किया-है-हमारे-लिए","जो-तूने-किया","बदला-चुकाने-वाले","बदला-दिया","बदला-दिया-तुझे","बदला-दिया-मुझे","बदला-देगा-मुझे","बदला-देती-उसे","बदला-दोगे-","बदला-हमने","बदलालेतेहैं","बदले-उन्होंने-तुझे","मैंने-बदला-दिया"]·ID["Dia-membalas-aku","Ia-berikan-kepada-mereka","Ia-membalas","Ia-membalasku","Ia-membalasnya","aku-membalas","dia-menyakitimu","diberikan-kepada-kita","kamu-membalas-","kita-lakukan","membalas","membalas-kepadaku","membalas-kepadamu","mereka-lakukan-kepadamu","mereka-mendatangkan","yang-engkau-lakukan"]·IT["He-rewards-me","[גמלים]","avere-ripagò-me","avere-ripagò-tu","dovrebbe-ricompensa-me","ricompensare","ricompensare-suo","ricompensare-tuo","ripago'","trattò-noi","trattò-tu","tu-ripagare"]·jav["Panjenengan-ipun-males-kula","Panjenenganipun-males-kula","Panjenenganipun-maringi-kita","Panjenenganipun-maringi-piyambakipun","Panjenenganipun-sampun-males","badhe-males","ingkang-panjenengan-males","kita-nglampahi","kula-males","males","maringi","nglampahi-panjenengan","panjenengan-males","piyambakipun-nindakaken","sami-males","sampun-males-dhateng-kawula","sampun-males-dhateng-panjenengan"]·KO["갑지","값았다","갖았다","갚았다면","갚았던","갚으면","갚으신다-나에게","개라-갉았다","개으시도다","그녀가-갑는다-그에게","베푸신-것을-그들에게","베푸신-것을-우리에게","보답하느냐-","보상하고-있습니다","보상하리오-나에게","우리가-개라-갉았던","행했다면"]·PT["Recompensa-me","Retribuiu-me","fizemos","lhes-retribuiu","me-recompensará","nos-retribuiu","paguei","que-nos-deste","recompensando","recompensaste-me","recompensei-te","retribui-lhe","retribuição","retribuís","te-fez","te-fizeram"]·RU["воздал","воздал-им","воздал-мне","воздал-нам","воздал-тебе","воздал-я","воздали","воздали-мы","воздали-тебе","воздаст-мне","воздающие","воздаёт-ему","воздаёте","воздаёте-ли-","вознаградит-меня","которым-воздала","причинил-он-тебе"]·ES["Le-hace","Me-recompensa","le-pagamos","les-dio","me-recompensará","me-recompensaste","me-retribuye","nos-ha-dado","nos-ha-pagado","nos-pagan","pagué","pagáis","que-nos-hiciste","retribuyendo","te-ha-hecho","te-pagaron","te-recompensé","trajeron"]·SW["Alinilipa","akanilipa","ametupa","amewapa","anilipe","hajakufanyia","hakutulipa","humtendea","mnamlipa","mnanilipa","nilikupatia","nimemlipa","uliyotulipa","umenipatia","waligeuzana","wamejiletea","wanalipa","yeye"]·TR["Karşılar-onu","getirdiler","karşılık-verdi","karşılık-verdim-sana","karşılık-verdin-bana","karşılık-veriyorlar","karşılık-veriyorsunuz-","sana-yaptı","verdi-onlara","verdiginin-bize","yaptık","yaptılar-sana","ödediklerinin","ödedim","ödeyenler","ödüllendirecek-beni","ödüllendirir-beni"]·urd["انہوں-نے-کمایا","اُس-نے-عطا-کیا-اُنہیں","اُس-نے-عطا-کیا-ہمیں","بدلہ-دیا-مجھے","بدلہ-دیتے-ہو-","بدلہ-دے-رہے-ہیں","بدلہ-لینے-والے","بھلائی-دیتی-ہے-اُسے","جو-تو-نے-دیا","دیا","مجھے-بدلہ-دے","میں-نے-بُرائی-کی-ہے","کیا-انہوں-نے-تیرے-ساتھ","کیا-تجھ-سے","کیا-مجھ-سے","کیا-ہم-نے","کیا-ہے-اُس-نے-تجھے"]
Gen 50:15, Gen 50:17, Deut 32:6, 1 Sam 24:17, 1 Sam 24:17, 2 Sam 19:36, 2 Sam 22:21, 2 Chr 20:11, Ps 7:4, Ps 18:20, Ps 103:10, Ps 137:8 (+6 more)
2. wean a child — To wean a child from its mother's milk, marking the transition from infancy to independent nourishment. Sarah weaned Isaac with a feast (Gen 21:8), and Hannah delayed her pilgrimage until she had weaned Samuel (1 Sam 1:22-23). French uses the specific verb 'sevrer,' and Spanish 'destetar,' both dedicated weaning terms -- showing that this sense stands apart lexically in daughter languages. The passive participle gamul appears in Isaiah 11:8 and Psalm 131:2 for the weaned child as a figure of trust. 12×
AR["الْفَطِيمُ","الْمَفْطُومِينَ","فَطَمَتْهُ","فَفَطَمَتْ","فِطَامِ","فِطَامِكِ","كَـ-المَفْطُومِ","وَ-فَطَمَتْهُ","وَ-فُطِمَ","يُفْطَمَ"]·ben["এবং-দুধ-ছাড়াল-তাকে","এবং-দুধ-ছাড়ালেন","ও-দুধ-ছাড়ল","দুগ্ধ-ছাড়া","দুধ-ছাড়াও","দুধ-ছাড়ানো-হবে","দুধ-ছাড়ানোর","দুধ-ছাড়ালেন","দুধ-ছাড়ালেন-তাকে","যেমন-দুধছাড়ানো"]·DE["Vergeltung","[גמולי]","[ותגמל]","als-entwöhnt-wurde","dein-weaning","ist-weaned","sie-weaned","sie-weaned-ihn","und-weaned-ihn","und-wurde-entwöhnt","wie-ein-weaned-child"]·EN["and-she-weaned","and-was-weaned","and-weaned-him","is-weaned","like-a-weaned-child","she-weaned","she-weaned-him","those-removed","was-weaned","weaned-child","your-weaning"]·FR["comme-rendre","elle-sevra","elle-sevra-lui","est-sevra","et-rendre","et-sevra-lui","et-était-weaned","rendre","rétribution","ton-sevrant","était-weaned"]·heb["גמול","גמולי","גמלה","גמלך","גמלתו","הגמל","ו-יגמל","ו-תגמול","ו-תגמלהו","ייגמל","כ-גמול"]·HI["और-दूध-छुड़ाया","और-दूध-छुड़ाया-उसे","और-दूध-छुड़ाया-गया","दूध-छुड़ा-हुआ","दूध-छुड़ाए","दूध-छुड़ाए-बच्चे-की-तरह","दूध-छुड़ाए-हुए-को","दूध-छुड़ाओ","दूध-छुड़ाने-के","दूध-छुड़ाया"]·ID["Dan-menyapihnya","Yang-disapih","anak-yang-disapih","dan menyapihnya","dan-disapih","dia-menyapihnya","disapih","disapihnya","engkau-menyapih","menyapihnya","seperti-anak-yang-disapih"]·IT["[ותגמל]","e-fu-weaned","e-svezzò-lui","ella-svezzò","ella-svezzò-lui","fu-weaned","ricompensare","ripago'","tuo-weaning","è-svezzò"]·jav["bocah-sapihan","ingkang-disapih","kados-lare-ingkang-sapihan","lan-dipunsapih","lan-nyapih","nyapih","panjenengan-nyapih","piyambakipun-nyapih","piyambakipun-nyapih-piyambakipun","sapih"]·KO["그리고-젖-떼었다","그리고-젖떼었다","그리고-젖을-떼다","젖-떼-아이가","젖-뗀-아이-같이","젖-뗀-자들에게인가","젖떼다","젖떼다-그-를","젖떼다-그녀-의","젖떼다-너-의","젖뗀"]·PT["E-desmamou","como-criança-desmamada","desmamado","desmamados","desmamar-ela","desmamares-tu","desmamou-o","e-desmamou-o","e-foi-desmamada","ser-desmamado"]·RU["Отнятых-","и-был-отнят-от-груди","и-вскормила-его","и-отняла-от-груди","как-отнятое-от-груди","отняла-его","отнят-будет","отнятия-её","отнятия-от-груди","отнятия-тобой","отнятый-от-груди"]·ES["Y-destetó","a-los-destetados","como-el-destetado","como-niño-destetado","destetado","destetes-tú","destetó-ella","lo-destetó","sea-destetado","ser-destetado","y-fue-destetado","y-lo-destetó"]·SW["Walioachishwa","alipomchukua","aliyeachishwa","amechukuwa","kama-mtoto-aliyeachishwa","kumchukua","na-akakua","na-akamlea","na-alipomwachisha-kunyonya","ya-kutoka-mazira"]·TR["sutten-kesilmis","suttten-kesillmisleri","süt-bırakmasının","süt-kesmiş-gibi","sütten-kesene-kadar","sütten-kesilene","sütten-kesince-onu","ve-sütten-kesti","ve-sütten-kesti-onu","ve-sütünü-bıraktı"]·urd["اور-دودھ-چھڑا","اور-دودھ-چھڑایا","اور-دودھ-چھڑایا-اُسے","اُس-نے-دودھ-چھڑایا","تیرے-دودھ-چھڑانے","دودھ-چھڑا-ہوا","دودھ-چھڑائے-ہوئے","دودھ-چھڑائے-ہوئے-بچے-کی-طرح","دودھ-چھڑانے-کے","دودھ-چھڑایا-اُس-نے","دودھ-چھڑے"]
4. ripen, bear fruit — To ripen or bring fruit to maturity, said of plants completing their growth cycle. Aaron's rod 'bore ripe almonds' (Num 17:8), and Isaiah 18:5 speaks of a blossom 'ripening into a grape.' Spanish 'madurar' (to ripen) and English 'bore/ripening' both capture the botanical completion sense. This agricultural usage preserves the verb's core idea of a natural process reaching its fulfillment. 2×
AR["وَ-أَنْضَجَتْ","يَنْضَجُ"]·ben["এবং-ফল-দিয়েছিল","পরিপক্ব"]·DE["[גמל]","und-trug"]·EN["and-bore","ripening"]·FR["et-porta","rendre"]·heb["גומל","ו-יגמל"]·HI["और-पके-थे","पकता-हुआ"]·ID["dan-menghasilkan","yang-matang"]·IT["e-porto","ricompensare"]·jav["dados-mateng","lan-mawoh"]·KO["그리고-맺었다","익어가며"]·PT["amadurecendo","e-amadureceu"]·RU["и-созрел","созревающий"]·ES["madurando","y-había-madurado"]·SW["kuiva","na-ikazaa"]·TR["olgunlasan","ve-olgunlaştırdı"]·urd["اور-پکے","پکتا-ہوا"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† גָּמַל vb. 1. deal fully or adequately with, deal out to. 2. wean. 3. ripen (Assyrian gamâlu, deal with, benefit, e.g. VR 35:19; NH גָּמַל, Aramaic גְּמַל; v. Palm. n.pr. אגמלא Vog.No. 124, Nab.n.pr.f. גמלת Vog.Nab. sub No. 7; perhaps orig. complete, accomplish, cogn. גמר;—Arabic جَمَلَ is collect, جَمُلَ / جَمِلَ be beautiful, goodly)— Qal Pf. ψ 13:6 +; Impf. יִגְמֹל Nu 17:23 +; Imv. גְּמֹל ψ…