H1343 H1343
Proud, arrogant, haughty — describing those who exalt themselves against God or oppress the humble.
An adjective for the proud or arrogant person, used in wisdom and prophetic literature to describe those whose self-exaltation stands in defiance of God. In Job 40:11–12, God himself challenges Job to look upon every proud one and humble them. Psalms 94:2 and 140:5 invoke divine justice against the arrogant, while Proverbs 15:25 and 16:19 contrast the proud with the humble, whom God favors. Spanish soberbio ('haughty') and French orgueilleux ('proud') both underscore the moral weight of the term — this is not mere confidence but a culpable self-elevation that invites divine correction.
Senses
1. proud, arrogant (person) — Describes a person who is proud, arrogant, or haughty, typically in opposition to God or in oppression of others. In Job 40:11–12, YHWH commands that every proud one be brought low. Psalms 94:2 calls for retribution against the arrogant, and Proverbs 15:25 declares that the LORD will tear down the house of the proud. Spanish soberbio ('haughty, overbearing') and French orgueilleux ('proud') capture the moral censure inherent in all eight occurrences. The word consistently contrasts with humility as a divinely favored virtue. 8×
AR["المُتَكَبِّرُونَ", "الْمُسْتَكْبِرِينَ", "مُتَكَبِّرينَ", "مُتَكَبِّرٌ", "مُتَكَبِّرٍ"]·ben["অহংকারী", "অহংকারীকে", "অহংকারীদের", "অহঙ্কারীদের", "গর্বিত", "গর্বিতদের", "গর্বিতরা"]·DE["[גאה]", "[גאים]", "der-proud"]·EN["proud", "proud-one", "the-proud"]·FR["[גאה]", "orgueilleux", "גאה", "גאים"]·heb["גאה", "גאים"]·HI["अहंकारियों", "घमंडियों-का", "घमंडियों-के", "घमंडी", "घमंडी-को", "घमण्डियोंने", "घमण्डी"]·ID["orang-orang-angkuh", "orang-orang-sombong", "orang-sombong", "sangat-angkuh", "yang sombong", "yang-sombong"]·IT["[גאה]", "il-proud", "proud", "proud-one", "superbi"]·jav["gumedhé", "ingkang-sombong", "tiyang-gumunggung", "tiyang-kumalungkung", "tiyang-sombong"]·KO["교만한", "교만한-자-들-에게", "교만한-자들", "교만한-자들-의", "교만한-자들-이", "교만한-자를", "교만한-자와"]·PT["orgulhoso", "soberbo", "soberbos"]·RU["гордец", "гордого", "гордые", "гордыми", "гордых"]·ES["orgulloso", "soberbio", "soberbios"]·SW["mjivunaji", "mwenye-kiburi", "wenye-kiburi"]·TR["gururlu", "gururlular", "gururluların", "gururluyu", "gururu", "kibirlilerin"]·urd["غروری", "غمنڈ-ہے", "مغرور-کو", "مغروروں-نے", "مغروروں-کا", "مغروروں-کو", "مغروروں-کے"]
Related Senses
H2896a 1. good (quality or moral) (305×)H7563 1. wicked person (259×)H7451c 1. moral evil or wickedness (234×)H5771 1. iniquity, sin, wrongdoing (222×)H6662 1. righteous person (substantive) (195×)G0266 1. sin, failure, transgression (173×)H2403b 1. sin, transgression (170×)H2617a 1. Covenant faithfulness, steadfast love (167×)H2398 1. Qal: to sin, commit sin (165×)H6666 1. righteousness, moral uprightness (145×)G5485 1. grace, divine favor (141×)H7451a 1. morally evil, wicked (129×)H2403b 2. sin-offering, sacrifice for sin (120×)G2570 1. good, right, excellent (98×)H6588 1. transgression, offense against God (88×)G0018 1. good (moral quality) (85×)H2896b 1. good, what is good (85×)H7451b 1. evil, wickedness (moral) (83×)H7451a 2. evil, harm, calamity (80×)G1342 1. righteous, upright (of persons) (70×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† גֵּאֶה adj. proud, Jb 40:11, 12 Is 2:12 Je 48:29; pl. גֵּאִים ψ 94:2; 140:6 Pr 15:25; 16:19; cstr. גְּאֵי ψ 123:4 Qr גאי יונים (> Kt גאייונים), yet cf. De al.