H0383 H0383
There is, there are: Aramaic existential particle equivalent to Hebrew yēsh, with pronominal suffixes.
The Aramaic particle ʾîṯay functions as the existential 'there is' or 'there are,' corresponding to Hebrew yēsh. It appears exclusively in the Aramaic sections of Daniel and Ezra, where it asserts or denies existence with theological force. When Daniel declares 'there is a God in heaven who reveals mysteries' (Dan 2:28), ʾîṯay grounds the statement in concrete reality. With pronominal suffixes it becomes personal: 'we are' (Dan 3:18), 'you are able' (Dan 2:26). Its cognates span Aramaic dialects—Syriac ʾīṯ, Palmyrene ʾyt—testifying to a pan-Aramaic existential root.
Senses
1. there is/are, to exist (Aramaic existential particle) — The Aramaic existential particle asserting that something exists or is present, equivalent to Hebrew yēsh. Absolute use declares existence: 'there is a God in heaven' (Dan 2:28). With pronominal suffixes it becomes copulative: 'are you able?' (Dan 2:26), 'we are not' (Dan 3:18). Found only in the Aramaic portions of Ezra and Daniel. Cognate forms across Syriac, Palmyrene, and Mandaic confirm its status as a fundamental Aramaic building block for existential assertion. 19×
AR["(نَحْنُ)", "[نَحْنُ]", "[هَلْ-أَنْتَ]", "أَنْتُمْ", "تُوجَدُ", "كُنْتُمْ", "هَلْ-أَنْتَ", "هِيَ", "يَكُونُ", "يُوجَد", "يُوجَدُ"]·ben["(আমরা)", "(সক্ষম-কি-তুমি)", "[আমরা]", "[সক্ষম-কি-তুমি]", "আছে", "আছেন", "কোনো", "তোমরা-কি", "থাকবে"]·DE["[איתי]", "es-gibt"]·EN["(qere:are-you-able)", "(qere:will-we)", "[ketiv:are-you-able]", "[ketiv:will-we]", "are-you", "is", "it-is", "there-are", "there-is", "you-are"]·FR["[איתוהי]", "[איתיכון]", "[איתינא]", "[איתנא]", "[האיתיך]", "[האיתך]", "il-y-a"]·heb["איתי", "אנחנו", "אתכם", "הוא", "היכלך", "יש"]·HI["ऐसा-है", "कोई", "क्या-तू-समर्थ-है", "तुम-हो", "है", "है-कोई", "हैं", "हैं-हम", "होगा"]·ID["Ada", "[kami]", "[mampukah-kamu]", "ada", "akan-ada", "kami", "kamu", "mampukah-kamu"]·IT["c'è"]·jav["(kawula)", "(punapa-panjenengan-saged)", "Wonten", "[kawula-ngabdi]", "[punapa-panjenengan-saged]", "bagean", "panjenengan", "panjenengan-samekta", "saking-kang-ratu", "tiyang-", "wonten"]·KO["계신다", "그러하신다면", "너는", "너희가", "너희가-인", "우리는", "있나니", "있는", "있는-자-가", "있다"]·PT["Há", "[estamos-nós]", "[és-tu-capaz]", "estais-vós", "estamos-nós", "há", "há-quem", "terás", "é", "és-tu-capaz"]·RU["(мы)", "(способен-ты)", "[мы]", "[способен-ты]", "будет", "в-них", "вы", "есть", "кто-есть", "существует"]·ES["(estamos)", "(¿eres-tú-capaz?)", "Hay", "[estamos]", "[¿eres-tú-capaz?]", "es", "es-así", "estáis", "existe", "hay", "tendrás"]·SW["(sisi)", "Wako", "Yuko", "[sisi]", "iko", "ninyi", "unaweza", "wamo", "yako", "yuko", "yupo"]·TR["(biziz)", "(yapabilir-misin)", "[biz]", "[yapabilir-misin]", "kimse", "siz", "sizsiniz", "var", "vardır"]·urd["کوئی-ہے", "کیا-تو", "ہو-تم", "ہوگا", "ہیں", "ہیں-ہم", "ہے"]
Related Senses
H1961 1. be, exist, was (Qal copular/existential) (3505×)G1510 1. copulative, linking predication (2095×)G1096 1. become, change state (421×)G1096 2. happen, occur, take place (158×)G1510 2. participial, being (circumstantial/attributive) (157×)H3426 1. there is, there are (existence) (129×)G1510 3. infinitival, to be (128×)H1934 1. to be, exist (65×)H1961 2. become, come to be (Qal inchoative) (55×)G5225 1. to be, to exist (45×)H0194 1. (45×)G1096 3. come, arrive, appear (28×)G1096 4. let it be, may it be done (22×)G1096 5. may it never be! (16×)G2673 1. abolish, bring to an end (16×)G1510 5. existential, there is/exists (15×)G5225 2. possessions, property, goods (14×)G1096 6. be, exist, find oneself (13×)H7136a 1. happen, occur, befall (12×)H7122 2. to befall, happen to (10×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† אִיתַי (Baer אִתַי, except bef. sf., v. Baer Dn 2:10) part. there is, are … (proposes a subst. foll. by a gen., v. BH יֵשׁ: Egyptian Aramaic איתי RÉS 361, S-CPap., Nab. איתי, Palm. אית, 𝔗 Talm. אִית (Dalm § 44, 4), Syriac ܐܻܝܬ, Sam. ࠀࠉࠕ, Mand. אִית, עית (NöM §§ 213, 272): v. further BH יֵשׁ);—אִיתַי Dn 2:10, sf. אִיתָיךְ 2:26 Kt (Qr אִיתָךְ K§ 53, 2 b), אִית֫וֹהִי 2:11, איתינא Kt (i.e. prob.…