H0119 H0119
To be red or become red; in passive (Pu'al), to be dyed red, as of rams' skins for the Tabernacle.
A color verb whose meaning pivots on voice and stem. In the Pu'al (passive), it describes an external dyeing process—rams' skins 'dyed red' for the Tabernacle covering, repeated seven times across the Exodus construction narratives (25:5; 26:14; 35:7, 23; 36:19; 39:34). In the active and stative stems, it describes inherent redness: the ruddy beauty of Nazirites before the siege (Lam 4:7), the reddening of wine as a warning against drunkenness (Prov 23:31), and the scarlet stain of sin that God can make white as snow (Isa 1:18). Spanish confirms the split: 'teñidas de rojo' (dyed red) for the Tabernacle skins versus 'eran rojos/se enrojece' (were red/turns red) for natural redness.
Senses
1. dyed red, reddened — Pu'al passive participle: to have been dyed or made red through an artificial process. Used exclusively of the rams' skins prepared for the Tabernacle (Exod 25:5; 26:14; 35:7, 23; 36:19; 39:34) and Nahum's reddened shields (Nah 2:4). Spanish 'teñidas de rojo/enrojecido' and French 'teint rouge' uniformly indicate externally applied color, distinguishing crafted materials from natural redness. 7×
AR["الْمَصْبُوغَةِ-بِالْحُمْرَةِ","مُحَمَّرٌ","مُحَمَّرَةً","مُحَمَّرَةٌ","مُحَمَّرَةٍ"]·ben["লাল-করা","লাল-রঞ্জিত"]·DE["der-gefaerbt-rot","gefaerbt-rot","von-Mensch"]·EN["dyed-red","is-reddened","the-dyed-red"]·FR["le-teint-rouge","teint-rouge","être-rouge"]·heb["ה-מאודמים","מאדמים","מאודם","מאודמים"]·HI["लाल-की-गई-है","लाल-रंगी","लाल-रंगी-हुईं"]·ID["diwarnai-merah","merah,","yang diwarnai merah"]·IT["[מאדם]","il-tinse-rosso","tinse-rosso"]·jav["abrit","dipun-cèlup-abrit","dipun-cèlup-abrit,","ingkang-dipuncelup-abrit","ingkang-dipuncelup-abrit,"]·KO["그-붉게-물들인","붉게-된","붉게-물들인"]·PT["avermelhadas","os-tingidos-de-vermelho","tingidas-de-vermelho","é-vermelho"]·RU["красные","красных","окрашен-красным"]·ES["enrojecidas","enrojecido","las-teñidas-de-rojo","teñidas-de-rojo"]·SW["imepakwa-rangi-nyekundu","zilizotiwa-rangi-nyekundu"]·TR["-kırmızıya-boyanmış","kırmızı","kırmızıya-boyanmış"]·urd["سرخ-رنگی","سرخ-رنگے-ہوئے","سُرخ-ہے"]
2. be red, become red — Active/stative sense across Qal, Hithpa'el, and Hif'il stems: to be or become red as an inherent quality or natural process. The Qal perfect describes the ruddy complexion of Jerusalem's Nazirites before famine (Lam 4:7), the Hithpa'el imperfect captures wine reddening in the cup as a visual temptation (Prov 23:31), and the Hif'il imperfect portrays sins that 'show redness like crimson' yet can be cleansed (Isa 1:18). Spanish 'eran rojos/se enrojece' and English 'they were red/it is red' point to color as a natural state rather than an applied dye. 3×
AR["احمَرَّت","احْمَرُّوا","يَحْمَرُّ"]·ben["তা-লাল-হয়","লাল-ছিল","লাল-হয়"]·DE["[אדמו]","[יאדימו]","[יתאדם]"]·EN["it-is-red","they-are-red","they-were-red"]·FR["[אדמו]","[יאדימו]","יתאדם"]·heb["אדמו","יאדימו","יתאדם"]·HI["लाल-थे","लाल-होती-है","वे-लाल-होंगे"]·ID["ia-memerah","lebih-merah","merah"]·IT["[אדמו]","[יאדימו]","esso-è-red"]·jav["abang","abrit","piyambakipun-abrit"]·KO["붉어지는","붉었네","붉을지라도"]·PT["eram-rubros","forem-vermelhos","se-avermelha"]·RU["краснеет","красны","покраснеют"]·ES["eran-rojos","fueran-rojos","se-enrojece"]·SW["inakuwa-nyekundu","walikuwa-wekundu","zikiwa-nyekundu"]·TR["kırmızı-idiler","kızarırlarsa","kızıl-olur"]·urd["سرخ-تھی","سرخ-ہو","وہ-سرخ-ہوں"]
Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [אָדֹם, אָדֵם] vb. be red (on format. cf. LagBN 83 cf. 120)— Qal Pf. 3 pl. אָֽדְמוּ ruddy, of Nazirites La 4:7; Pu. Pt. reddened, dyed red, מְאָדָּם Na 2:4 (of shield), מְאָדָּמִים of rams’ skins Ex 25:5; 26:14; 35:7, 23; 36:19; 39:34 (all P). Hithp. Impf. redden, grow or look red, יִתְאַדָּ֑ם Pr 23:31 of wine); Hiph. Impf. emit (show) redness (cf. LagBN 120) יַאְדִּימוּ כַתּוֹלָע Is 1:18 (of sins) i.e. be glaring, flagrant (cf. also v 15).