Red and Scarlet

שָׁנִי42 n.[m.] scarlet (proposes coccus ilicis, which attaches itself to leaves and twigs of quercus coccifera; the dried body of female yields coloring matter; cf. TristrNHB 319 PostHastDB scarlet M’LeanEncy. Bib. id.);—usually שׁ׳: תִּקְוַת חוּט הַשּׁ׳ הַזֶּה Jos 2:18 this cord of thread of scarlet, ת׳ הַשּׁ׳ v 21, חוּט הַשּׁ׳ Ct 4:3 (sim. of lips); so (הַ)שּׁ׳ alone Gn 38:28, 30 (J), and as material of clothing 2 S 1:24; Je 4:30; Pr 31:21 (pl. שָׁנִים; on order of ll. v. Toy); pl. also in sim. Is 1:18 if your sins are like scarlet (robes); elsewhere (P) תּוֹלַעַת (הַ)שּׁ׳ (v. ת׳) of material for curtain, veil, ephod, etc., Ex 25:4; 26:1 + 24 times Ex; בֶּגֶד ת׳ שׁ׳ Nu 4:8 (v. ii. ב׳ 2); cstr. שְׁנִי (הַ)תּ׳ used in purif., †Lv 14:4, 6, 49, 51, 52; Nu 19:6.

† [אָדֹם, אָדֵם] vb. be red (on format. cf. LagBN 83 cf. 120)— Qal Pf. 3 pl. אָֽדְמוּ ruddy, of Nazirites La 4:7; Pu. Pt. reddened, dyed red, מְאָדָּם Na 2:4 (of shield), מְאָדָּמִים of rams’ skins Ex 25:5; 26:14; 35:7, 23; 36:19; 39:34 (all P). Hithp. Impf. redden, grow or look red, יִתְאַדָּ֑ם Pr 23:31 of wine); Hiph. Impf. emit (show) redness (cf. LagBN 120) יַאְדִּימוּ כַתּוֹלָע Is 1:18 (of sins) i.e. be glaring, flagrant (cf. also v 15).

† אָדֹם adj. red—א׳ Is 63:2 Zc 1:8 + Gn 25:30(×2), v. infr.; אָדוֹם Ct 5:10; f. אֲדֻמָּה Nu 19:2, pl. אֲדֻמִּים 2 K 3:22 + 2 textual;—ruddy, red, of man Ct 5:10; horse Zc 1:8(×2) (‖ שָׂרֹק cf. As.DlW 87 6:2 (‖ שָׁחֹר); heifer Nu 19:2; water 2 K 3:22 (א׳ כַּדָּם); cf. as subst. red, redness on garment Is 63:2; הָאָדֹם = the (red) lentils Gn 25:30(×2), but rd. הָאֱדֹם v. infr.; cf. also מַעֲלֶה.

κόκκ-ῐνος, η, ον, scarlet, NT+3rd c.BC+blushing, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II substantive κόκκινα, τά, scarlet clothes, ἐν κ. περιπατεῖν, κ. φορεῖν, LXX+2nd c.AD+

† אֲדַמִדָּם adj. reddish (cf. As.ada(m)mumu? DlW) of leprous sores Lv 13:42 (־דָּ֑ם) v 49 (־דָֹם); f. אֲדַמְדֶּמֶת v 24, 43; ־דָ֑מֶת v 19; f. pl. אֲדַמְדַּמֹּת 14:37.

† חוּם adj. darkened, dark brown or black, only of colour of sheep (in Gn 30, J);—וכל־שֶׂה־חוּם בכשׂבים Gn 30:32, וְחוּם בכ׳ Gn 30:33, 35, וכל־חוּם בְּצֹאן Gn 30:40 (cl. prob. interpol. Ol Hup De We Di).

πυρρός, ά (Ionic dialect ή), όν, but Trag. and Doric dialect πυρσός, ή (Doric dialect ά), όν, Refs 5th c.BC+; rare in Prose, Refs 1st c.AD+: (πῦρ):— flame-coloured, yellowish-red (πυρρὸν ξανθοῦ τε καὶ φαιοῦ κράσει γίγνεται Refs 5th c.BC+. the yolk of an egg, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ λευκότης γίγνεται πυρρή Refs 5th c.BC+ of sediment in urine, Refs __2 especially of persons with red hair, Refs 6th c.BC+; of the colour of the first beard, γενειάς A.[same place]; γένυες Refs 5th c.BC+; [θρίξ] Refs 3rd c.BC+ __3 generally, tawny, λέων NT+5th c.BC+; τὰ χρώματα τῶν κυνῶν Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 of more positive colour, red, χλανίς LXX+5th c.BC+; τὸ π. redness, Refs 5th c.BC+ —_Epic dialect_ _comparative_ (for πυρρότερα), πῠρώτερα φοινίσσεσθαι to be of a brighter red, Refs 4th c.BC+ __5 blushing, Refs 5th c.BC+; also κύων.. πύρσ᾽ ἔχουσα δέργματα glaring with bloodshot eyes, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II paroxytone Πύρρος, ὁ, “Pyrrhus”, as proper name; also Πύρϝος, name of a horse, Refs 6th c.BC+

† אַדְמוֹנִי adj. red, ruddy, of Esau as newborn babe Gn 25:25 (whence name Edom acco. to E? cf. Di); of youth 1 S 16:12; 17:42 (אַדְמֹנִי).

† כַּרְמִיל n.[m.] crimson, carmine, i.e. crimson stuff, cloth; late (prob. Pers. loan-word, and a deriv. from Pers. كِرْم worm, v. De ZLuth. Th. 1878, 593);—only 2 Ch 2:6, 13; 3:14 (in all + אַרְגָּמָן(-וָן), תְּכֵלֶת, 2:13; 3:14 + בּוּץ also); read perhaps also for כַּרְמֶל Ct 7:6 (‖ אַרְגָּוָן: so Gi, of hair formed spirally, like shell-fish; Gr, of glossy hair).

† צֶ֫בַע n.[m.] dye, dyed stuff;—cstr. צ׳ רִקְמָתַיִם Ju 5:30 (perhaps del. צ׳, cf. GFM); pl. שְׁלַל צְבָעִים booty of dyed stuffs v 30(×2).

ἐρυθρός, ά, όν, [ῠ by nature, Refs 5th c.BC+; but the metre requires -ότερος in Refs 4th c.BC+:— red, νέκταρ ἐ. Refs 8th c.BC+; κῆρυξ ἐ., a ship painted with vermilion, Oracle texts cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐ. πέλανος, of blood, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐρυθρά, τά, red pimples, eruption, Refs 5th c.BC+; but ἐ. διελθόντα red motions, Refs __2 ἐρυθρά, ἡ, =μελισσόφυλλον, Ps.-Refs 1st c.AD+; ἐρυθρός, ὁ (i.e. ῥοῠς), fruit of the ῥοῠς βυρσοδεψική, Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 ἐρυθρόν, τό, w)|ou= yolk, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II Ἐρυθρὴ θάλασσα in Refs 5th c.BC+ the Indian Ocean, in which the Red Sea (Ἀράβιος κόλπος) is sometimes included (of the existence of the Persian Gulf he was ignorant), Refs; πόντος Ἐ. Refs 5th c.BC+—later the Red Sea only, Refs: also of the Persian Gulf, Refs 5th c.BC+; used of remote and unknown places, μόνον οὐκ ἐπὶ τὴν Ἐ. θάλατταν πρεσβείας πέμπειν Refs 4th c.BC+ sea of Erythras, accusative to Refs 2nd c.BC+. (Latin rubrofr. *rudhro-, cf. Sanskrit rudhirá-; see at {ἐρεύθω}.)

πυρρ-άζω, to be fiery red, of the sky, NT

† אֱדֹם n.[m.] name of a condiment (Ar. إِدَامٌ v. Anderson in Di; cf. As. adumatu? DlW) הָאֱ׳ Gn 25:30(×2) (J; so rd. for הָאָ׳ MT; v. Di).

† IV. [חמר] vb. be red (Arabic حَمَرَ ii. dye red, حُمْرَةٌ redness, reddish brown (appar. skin-colour) so Thes MV BaNB 192 al.)—only Peʿalʿal Pf. pass. פָּנַי חֳמַרְמְרֻ֯ה Jb 16:16 my face is reddened from weeping.—La 1:20; 2:11 v. I. חמר.

† [שָׁשֵׁר] n.[m.] red colour, vermilion (etym. unknown);—vermilion, formerly gained from kermes insect (vermiculus): מָשׁוֹחַ בַּשָּׁשַׁ֑ר Je 22:14 (𝔊 μίλτος, red ochre; 𝔙 sinopis [from city Sinopis, whence the colour came PlinNH xxxv. [6] 13], cf. ThatcherDB colours CanneyEB 1D.); חֲקֻקִים בַּשָּׁשַׁ֑ר Ez 23:14.

† חָמוֹץ n.[m.] coll. the ruthless—only אַשְּׁרוּ ח׳ Is 1:17 set right the ruthless, so Hi Ew Kn De Che Di; Vrss give passive (perhaps חָמוּץ) hence AV relieve the oppressed; but on form חָמוֹץ = doer of action v. Ew§ 152 b.

† II. [חמץ] vb. be red (? cf. Aramaic ܚܡܰܨ Ethpa. blush, be ashamed, poss. orig. be red);— Qal Pt. pass. cstr. חֲמוּץ בְּגָדִים red of garments Is 63:1; poss. also Impf. 3 fs. תֶּחֱמַץ ψ 68:24 that thy foot may be red with blood (for MT תמחץ; so Krochm Hi Gr; most, however, read תרחץ v. רחץ).

† I. [שָׂרֹק] adj. perhaps sorrel (? from II. שׂ׳, or cf. أَشْقَرُ having ruddy tinge over white, of horses sorrel Lane1681);—pl. אֲדֻמִּים שְׂרֻקִּים וּלְבָנִים Zc 1:8, of horses.

† [תָּלַע] vb. Pu. denom. clad in scarlet (v. i. תּוֹלָע 2; תּוֹלֵעָה 2.—NH Hiph. denom. is breed worms, etc.);—Pt. pl. מְתֻלָּעִים Na 2:4 (‖ מְאָדָּם).