1. mourning, in a state of grief — Adjective meaning 'mourning, grieving, in a state of lamentation.' Used as a predicate adjective or substantive across various morphological forms: masculine singular (Gen 37:35 Jacob mourning for Joseph; Esth 6:12 Haman mourning), masculine plural (Job 29:25 comforting mourners; Isa 61:2 mourners in Zion), feminine plural (Lam 1:4 roads of Zion mourning), with prepositional prefixes (Ps 35:14 ka'abel 'as one mourning for'; Isa 61:3 la'abele 'for mourners of'), and with pronominal suffixes (Isa 57:18 wela'abelaw 'and to his mourners'). All represent the same adjectival concept of being in a state of mourning or grief, whether for the dead (Gen 37:35), in public humiliation (Esth 6:12), or in spiritual/national lamentation (Isa 61:2-3, Lam 1:4). The different forms are purely morphological: number (sg/pl), gender (m/f), prepositions (k-, l-), suffixes (-aw), and construct state. Multilingual glosses converge: Arabic na'ih/hazin 'mourning/grieving,' Korean aetong 'lamenting,' Spanish enlutado/los que lloran, French en deuil, Hindi shok karnewala. 8×
AR["-النَّائِحِينَ","حَزِينَةٌ","كَ-نائِحٍ-عَلى","لِ-نَائِحِي","نائِحًا","نَائِحًا","وَ-لِ-نَائِحِيهِ","يُعَزّي"]·ben["-এবং-তার-শোকার্তদেরকে","যেমন-শোকার্ত","শোকগ্রস্ত","শোকার্ত","শোকার্তদের","শোকার্তদের-জন্য"]·DE["[אבל]","[אבלות]","[אבלים]","[ולאבליו]","[לאבלי]","trauernd","wie-mourning-für"]·EN["and-to-his-mourners","for-mourners-of","like-mourning-for","mourn","mourners","mourning"]·FR["[אבל]","comme-en-deuil","en-deuil","et-en-deuil","mourning","אבלים"]·heb["אבל","אבלות","אבלים","ו-ל-אבליו","כ-אבל-","ל-אבלי"]·HI["और-उसके-शोक-करनेवालोंको","जैसे-शोक-करनेवाला","शोक-करता-हुआ","शोक-करने-वालों-के-लिए","शोक-में-हैं","शोकित","शोकितों-को"]·ID["bagi-orang-orang-yang-berkabung","berkabung","dan-kepada-orang-orang-yang-berkabungnya","orang-orang-yang-berkabung","yang-berkabung"]·IT["[אבל]","[כאבל]","e-lutto","lutto","mourners","mourning"]·jav["dhateng-ingkang-sedhih","ingkang-sedhih","kados-kapreluan-ing","lan-dhateng-ingkang-sedhih","prihatin","sedhih","tiyang-ingkang-susah"]·KO["그리고-그의-애도하는-자들에게","슬퍼하는-자들을","애곡하는-자-같이","애통하네","애통하는-자들을","애통하며","에-슬퍼하는-자들에게"]·PT["aos-enlutados-de","como-quem-chora","e-aos-enlutados-seus","enlutado","enlutados","enlutam"]·RU["и-плачущим-его","как-оплакивающий","плачущим-","плачущих","скорбят","скорбящий","скорбящим","скорбящих"]·ES["a-los-que-lloran","a-los-que-lloran-de","como-quien-llora","enlutado","están-de-luto","los-que-lloran","y-a-sus-enlutados"]·SW["akiomboleza","kama-mwenye-kuomboleza","kwa-waombolezaji-wa","na-kwa-waombolezaji-wake","nikiomboleza","wanaomlilia-maiti","wanaoomboleza","zinaomboleza"]·TR["ve-yas-tutanlarina","yas-tutan-gibi-","yas-tutanlari","yas-tutanlarina-","yas-tutarak","yaslı","yaslıları"]·urd["اور-اُس-کے-غمگینوں-کو","غمزدوں-کو","غمگین","غمگینوں-کو","ماتم-سے","ماتم-میں","ماں-کے-ماتم-کی-طرح"]
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. אָבֵל adj. mourning—א׳ Gn 37:35 Est 6:12; cstr. אֲבֶל־ ψ 35:14; אֲבֵלִים Jb 29:25 Is 61:2 etc.;—for dead Gn 37:35 (cp. 50:11), calamity Est 6:12; fig. La 1:4 (pred., inanim. subj.), elsewhere as subst. mourner; sg. ψ 35:14 (cstr.) for dead (‖ קדר; pl. Jb 29:25 abs.; for calamity Is 57:18; 61:2, 3 (where mourners for Zion, or of Zion, v. Di).