φρίσσω G5425
To shudder, to tremble or bristle with fear or horror
Even demons believe—and shudder. James 2:19 employs this vivid verb to describe demonic response to monotheistic truth: φρίσσουσιν. Classical usage depicted physical bristling (fields bristling with grain, helmets with crests, air with uplifted hands) and extended to shuddering with fear or horror. The verb captures involuntary visceral response—not intellectual assent but bodily recoil. James's point is devastating: demons have better theology than faith without works; they believe God is one and their bodies betray their terror. Right belief without transformed life puts us below demons.
Sentidos
1. sense 1 — To shudder or tremble, often with fear or horror; to bristle. James 2:19 uses this to describe demons' response to belief in one God: they believe and shudder (φρίσσουσιν). Classical usage included physical bristling (grain fields, helmet crests) and extended to involuntary trembling with fear. The verb captures visceral, bodily response rather than mere intellectual recognition—belief that produces terror rather than transformation, making James's point devastating. 1×
AR["يَرتَعِدونَ"]·ben["কাঁপে"]·DE["schaudern"]·EN["shudder"]·FR["φρίσσουσιν"]·heb["רוֹעֲדִים"]·HI["काँपती-हैं"]·ID["gemetar!"]·IT["phrissousin"]·jav["gumeter!"]·KO["떤다!"]·PT["estremecem"]·RU["трепещут!"]·ES["tiemblan"]·SW["wanatetemeka"]·TR["titrer"]·urd["کانپتی-ہیں!"]
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Referencia BDB / Léxico
φρίσσω, Attic dialect φρίττω Refs 5th c.BC+: future φρίξω Refs 2nd c.AD+: aorist ἔφριξα Refs 8th c.BC+: perfect πέφρῑκα Refs; poetry participle πεφρίκοντες Refs 5th c.BC+: pluperfect ἐπεφρίκει Refs 1st c.AD+ —middle, aorist 1 ἐφριξάμην falsa lectio in Refs 8th c.BC+:—to be rough or uneven on the surface, bristle, φρίσσουσιν ἄρουραι (i.e. σταχύεσσι) Refs 8th c.BC+; of a line of battle, ἔφριξεν…