φθον-έω G5354
To envy, to feel ill-will or grudging resentment toward another's advantages or success
Envy corrodes community from within, and this verb names the active practice of bearing malice toward those who possess what we lack. Classical usage ranges from divine jealousy to petty human grudges. Paul's catalog of vices in Galatians 5:26 employs the participial form to warn against mutual provocation and envy within the Christian community. Spanish 'envidiando' and German 'neidisch-sein' capture the emotional intensity, while the emotional-attitudinal domain assignment reflects envy's root in disordered desire rather than mere observation.
Sentidos
1. sense 1 — To bear ill-will, to feel envious or jealous of another's possessions, status, or success. Galatians 5:26 uses the participle to describe those who actively practice envy, positioned alongside provocation as community-destroying behaviors. The verb appears in emotional-attitudinal contexts across languages (Spanish 'envidiando,' German 'neidisch-sein'), indicating not passive recognition of disparity but active resentment and grudging malice. 1×
AR["نَحسُدُ"]·ben["ঈর্ষাকারী।"]·DE["neidisch-sein"]·EN["envying"]·FR["φθονοῦντες"]·heb["מְקַנְּאִים"]·HI["जलते-हुए."]·ID["mendengki"]·IT["phthonountes"]·jav["meri."]·KO["시기하는."]·PT["invejando"]·RU["завидуя"]·ES["envidiando"]·SW["tukionenana"]·TR["kıskanarak"]·urd["حسد-کرتے-ہوئے"]
Sentidos Relacionados
G2309 1. want, desire (166×)G0025 1. to love actively (133×)H0157 1. love (verb, active Qal) (129×)H8055 1. Qal: rejoice, be glad (123×)H7453 1. neighbor, fellow man (120×)G0026 1. of love (115×)H1058 1. Qal: to weep, cry (112×)H0954 1. to be ashamed, feel shame (Qal) (95×)H8057 1. joy, gladness, delight (90×)H2781 1. disgrace, shame, dishonor (68×)G2307 1. will, desire, purpose (63×)G5463 1. rejoice, be glad (63×)G0027 1. beloved (61×)H8130 1. Qal: to hate, detest (60×)G5479 1. (59×)G1680 1. (53×)H8130 2. Qal ptcp: hater, enemy (53×)H0014 1. be willing, want (51×)H0157 2. lover, friend (Qal participle substantive) (51×)H1945 1. woe (50×)
Referencia BDB / Léxico
φθον-έω, aorist ἐφθόνησα, later ἐφθόνεσα LXX+3rd c.AD+:—middle, future in passive sense φθονήσομαι Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, fut φθονηθήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἐφθονήθην Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect participle ἐφθονημένος Refs 1st c.AD+: (φθόνος):—bear ill-will or malice, grudge, be envious or jealous, __I absolutely, εἴ περ γὰρ φθονέω τε καὶ οὐκ εἰῶ διαπέρσαι, οὐκ ἀνύω φθονέουσα Refs 8th c.BC+;…