τίθημι G5087
place, put, lay; appoint, establish, set; lay down one's life; decide, purpose, resolve
3. lay down one's life — Sacrificial giving up of one's life, a specialized metaphorical extension of τίθημι τὴν ψυχήν. Clearly distinguished cross-linguistically: Korean uses 내놓다 (put out, release) instead of 놓다/두다; Swahili uses -toa (give out, release) instead of -weka (place); Hindi uses देना (to give) instead of रखना (to keep/place). Arabic retains أَضَع but the Korean and Swahili differentiation confirms genuine polysemy. 9×
AR["أَضَع","أَضَعَ","أَن-أَضَع","سَـ-أَضَعُ","سَـ-تَضَعُ","يَضَع","يَضَعَ"]·ben["আমি-দিই","আমি-রাখব","দিই","দেয়","রাখতে","রাখব","রাখবে","রাখে"]·DE["legen"]·EN["I-lay-down","I-may-offer","I-will-lay-down","lay-down","lays-down","to-lay-down","you-will-lay-down"]·FR["mettre","poser"]·heb["אֶתֵּן","אָשִׂים","יִתֵּן","לָ-שִׂים","נוֹתֵן","תִּתֵּן"]·HI["देता-हूँ","देता-है","देने-का","रखूँ","रखूँगा","रखे","रखेगा"]·ID["Ku-serahkan","aku-akan-berikan","aku-menyediakan","engkau-akan-berikan","menyerahkan","untuk-menyerahkan"]·IT["mettere","porre"]·jav["kula-badh醮asrahaken.","kula-damel","maringi","masrahaken","panjenengan-badh醮asrahaken?"]·KO["내놓겠느냐","내놓겠다","내놓기","내놓는-것","내놓는다","내놓을","놓으리라"]·PT["coloque","darei","darás","de-pôr","ponha","ponho","põe"]·RU["полагает","полагаю","положил","положить","положишь","положу"]·ES["pondrás","pondré","pone","poner","ponga","pongo"]·SW["aitoe","anatoa","kuutoa","niitoe","ninatoa","ninautoa","nitaitoa","utaitoa"]·TR["koyayım","koymaya","koysun","koyuyor","koyuyorum","vereceksin","vereceğim"]·urd["دیتا-ہوں","دیتا-ہے","دینا","دے","رکھوں-گا","رکھے-گا","پیش-کروں"]
John 10:11, John 10:15, John 10:17, John 10:18, John 10:18, John 13:37, John 13:38, John 15:13, 1 Cor 9:18
▼ 3 more senses below
Senses
1. place, put, lay — Physical placement or positioning of an object or person; the core meaning of τίθημι. Arabic consistently uses وَضَعَ (waḍaʿa, to place), Korean uses 놓다/두다 (to put/place), Swahili uses -weka (to place/put), Hindi uses रखना (to place/keep). Includes passive forms (be placed/laid), imperatives, infinitives, and the idiomatic τίθημι τὰ γόνατα (kneel = place the knees, Swahili -piga magoti, Korean 무릎을 꿇다). 79×
AR["أَضَعَ","جَثَا","وَضَعوهُ","وَضَعَ","وَضَعَهُ","وَضَعُوا","يَضَعْ"]·ben["-শত্রুদের","আমি-রাখি","তিনি-রাখলেন","রাখল","রাখলেন","রাখি","রাখেছিলেন","রেখে","রেখেছে","ἔθηκεν-রাখলেন"]·DE["legen","legt"]·EN["I-place","I-put","appointed","having-placed","he-placed","laid","placed","they-laid","they-placed"]·FR["legen","mettre","poser"]·heb["אֶת-","אָשִׂים","כָּרַע","שָׂם","שָׂמוּ"]·HI["उसने-रखा","कब्र","रख","रख-दूँ","रख-दूं","रखकर","रखा","रखा-था","रखूँ","रखूं"]·ID["Aku-menaruh","Aku-menempatkan","Berlutut","Dia-meletakkan","dia-meletakkan","ia-meletakkan","meletakkan","menaruh","menetapkan","menyimpan","mereka-meletakkan"]·IT["mettere","porre"]·jav["Kawula-ndadosaken","Kula-masangaken","Kula-ndadosaken","Panjenenganipun-nyelèhaken","mapanaken","masang","masangaken","netepaken","nyarèkaken","nyèlèhaken","sami-masang","sami-nyimpen","tiyang-tiyang-nyarèkaken"]·KO["내가-놓을-때까지","놓고","놓았다","놓았으니","놓으셨다","놓을-때에","누였는지","누였다","두기까지","두는다","두셨다","두었다"]·PT["colocou","designou","eu-ponha","ponha","puseram","pôs","tendo-posto"]·RU["положивший","положил","положили","положу","поставил","преклонив"]·ES["habiendo-puesto","ponga","poniendo","pusieron","puso"]·SW["-","akaliweka","akamweka","akaweka","akipiga-magoti","aliuweka","kuweka","na","nitawaweka","niweke","wakamlaza","wakaweka","wakayaweka","walimweka","wamemlaza"]·TR["diz-çökerek","diz-çöküp","koyana","koyayım","koydu","koydular"]·urd["بنیاد","رکھ-کر","رکھا","رکھوں","لگایا","میں-رکھوں"]
Matt 22:44, Matt 24:51, Matt 27:60, Mark 4:21, Mark 4:21, Mark 6:29, Mark 10:16, Mark 12:36, Mark 15:19, Mark 15:46, Mark 16:6, Luke 1:66 (+38 more)
2. appoint, establish, set — To appoint someone to a role or establish someone in a position of authority. Arabic uses جَعَلَ (jaʿala, to make/appoint) or أَقَامَ (aqāma, to raise up/establish) instead of وَضَعَ; Korean uses 세우다 (to set up/establish) instead of 놓다/두다; Hindi uses ठहराना (to establish/appoint) or नियुक्त करना (to appoint) instead of रखना. Swahili retains -weka but in the sense of installing someone. 10×
AR["أَقَامَكُمْ","أُقِمْتُ","جَعَلتُكَ","واضِعاً","واضِعًا","وَضَعَهُ","وَضَعْتُ","وُضِعوا"]·ben["আমি-স্থাপন-করেছি","আমি-স্থাপিত-হয়েছি","তারা-নিযুক্ত-হয়েছিল","নিযুক্ত-হয়েছি","রেখে","রেখেছি","স্থাপন-করলেন","স্থাপন-করে","স্থাপন-করেছেন"]·DE["legen","legt"]·EN["I-have-made","I-have-set","appointed","having-appointed","having-set","he-appointed","placed","they-were-appointed","was-appointed"]·FR["legen","mettre","poser"]·heb["הֻצַּבְתִּי","הוּשְׂמוּ","שַׂמְתִּי","שַׂמְתִּיךָ","שָׂם"]·HI["ठहराए-गए-थे","ठहराकर","ठहराया","ठहराया-है","नियुक्त-किय-गय","रख-कर","रख-गय","रखा-है"]·ID["Aku-telah-menempatkan","Ia-tetapkan","aku-ditetapkan","menempatkan","menetapkan","menetapkan;","mereka-ditetapkan","telah-Kujadikan"]·IT["mettere","porre"]·jav["Kawula-netepaken","Kawula-sampun-masangaken","Kula-netepaken","dipuntetepaken","kang-dipuntemtokaken.","kula-dipun-tetepaken","kula-tinanggenaken","masang;","netepaken"]·KO["놓아","놓았다;","세우셨다","세우셨으니","세워졌다","세웠노라","세웠다","정해졌느니라"]·PT["Pus","constituiu","foram-postos.","fui-designado","pondo","pus","te-constituí","tendo-posto"]·RU["Поставил","были-положены.","поставив","поставил","поставлен-был"]·ES["Te-he-puesto","fueron-puestos","fui-puesto","habiendo-puesto","poniendo","puse","puso","te-he-puesto"]·SW["Nimekuweka","akiniweka","akiweka","amemweka","amewaweka","niliwaweka","niliwekwa","nimekuweka","waliwekwa"]·TR["atadı","atadım","atandılar","atandım","koyarak","koydum"]·urd["اُس-نے-ٹھہرایا","بناتے-ہوئے؛","رکھا-ہے","رکھتے-ہوئے","مقرر-کیا-گیا","مقرّر-کیا","میں-نے-بنایا-ہے","ٹھہرائے-گئے۔","ٹھہرایا"]
4. decide, purpose, resolve — To make a decision or resolve in one's mind (τίθημι ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ or τίθημι βουλήν). Arabic uses عَزَمَ (ʿazama, to resolve/determine) or أَعْطَوْا (they gave = they rendered a decision); Korean uses 정하다 (to decide/determine); Hindi uses ठाना (to resolve) or निर्णय लिया (took a decision); Swahili uses -amua (to decide) or -fanya (to do/act). All languages independently shift away from placement vocabulary. 2×
AR["أَعْطَوْا","عَزَمَ"]·ben["সিদ্ধান্ত-করিল","স্থির-করলেন"]·DE["legt"]·EN["decided","purposed"]·FR["mettre"]·heb["הֶחְלִיטוּ","שָׂם"]·HI["ठाना","निर्णयलिया"]·ID["menetapkan"]·IT["mettere"]·jav["mutusaken"]·KO["정하셨다","정하였다"]·PT["propôs","tomaram"]·RU["положил","приняли"]·ES["propuso","pusieron"]·SW["aliamua","walifanya"]·TR["koydu","koydular"]·urd["رائے-دی","ٹھانا"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
τίθημι [τῐ], 2nd pers. singular τιθεῖς Refs 5th c.BC+ codices Lp (-θείς P, τίθης l), Alc. Refs 5th c.BC+ (προσ-); ἐν-τιθεῖς (variant{-εὶς}) Refs 5th c.BC+; but τίθης is found in Refs 5th c.BC+ (προσ-), etc., and is taught by Refs 4th c.AD+; Epic dialect τίθησθα Refs 8th c.BC+, and so in Aeolic dialect, Refs 7th c.BC+; 3rd.pers. singular τίθησι Refs 8th c.BC+, and Attic dialect; Doric dialect…