This noun denotes proof or convincing evidence, particularly of an argumentative or demonstrative kind. In Acts 1:3, Luke describes Jesus presenting himself alive 'by many convincing proofs' during the forty days after his resurrection. The term implies more than mere signs—these are evidences capable of producing certainty. Classical rhetoric distinguished this from circumstantial evidence or probability. The consistent cross-linguistic rendering as 'proofs' or 'evidence' confirms the epistemological weight: these were demonstrations sufficient to establish resurrection as fact.