1. slay, slaughter — To slaughter, kill by cutting or violence, covering the full semantic range of σφάζω in the NT. All four auto-clustered senses represent the same lexical meaning of violent killing, differing only in grammatical form: active aorist indicative ἔσφαξεν (1 Jn 3:12, Cain slew Abel), perfect passive participle ἐσφαγμένον/ἐσφαγμένων (Rev 5:6,12; 6:9; 13:3,8; 18:24, the Lamb 'having been slain' and the martyrs 'having been slain'), future active indicative σφάξουσιν (Rev 6:4, they will slaughter one another), and aorist passive ἐσφάγης (Rev 5:9, 'you were slain'). The multilingual glosses are uniform throughout: Arabic ذَبَحَ/مَذبوح (slaughtered), German schlachten (slaughter), Hebrew שָׁחַט/נִשְׁחָט (slaughter/was slaughtered), Korean 죽이다/죽임당하다 (kill/be killed), Spanish mató/inmolado/degollado (killed/immolated/beheaded). The difference between active killing and passive being-slain is voice morphology, not a separate sense. 10×
AR["المَذبوحينَ","المَذبوحُ","المَذبوحِ","المَذْبوحينَ","ذَبَحَ","ذَبَحَهُ","ذُبِحتَ","مَذبوحٌ","مَذبوحٍ","يَذبَحونَ"]·ben["তারা-বধ-করবে;","তুমি-বধ-হয়েছিলে,","বধ-হওয়াদের","বধ-হয়েছে,","হত","হতদের","হত্যা-করেছিল"]·DE["schlachten"]·EN["having-been-slain","he-slew","slew","they-will-slaughter","you-were-slain"]·FR["schlachten"]·heb["הַשְּׁחוּטִים","הַשָּׁחוּט","יִשְׁחֲטוּ","נִשְׁחַטְתָּ","נִשְׁחָט","נִשְׁחָטִים","שָׁחַט","שָׁחוּט"]·HI["उसने-मार-डाला","घात-किए-गए","घात-किए-हुए","घात-किए-हुओं","घात-किया-हुआ,","घायल-किया-हुआ","तू-घात-किया-गया,","वे-घात-करें;"]·ID["Engkau-disembelih,","dibunuh","membunuh","mereka-akan-menyembelih;","tersembelih","tersembelih,","yang-disembelih","yang-tersembelih,"]·IT["uccidere"]·jav["Panjenengan-dipunsembelih","dipun-pejahi","dipun-sembeleh","dipunsembelih","ingkang-dipunsembelih","nyembelih","piyambakipun-sedaya-mejahi"]·KO["죽였느냐","죽였다","죽이도록","죽임-당한-자들의","죽임-을-당한","죽임당하셨고","죽임당한","죽임당한-자들-의"]·PT["foste-imolado","imolado","imolados","matem","matou","morto","mortos","o-matou","tendo-sido-morta"]·RU["был-заклан,","закланная","закланного,","закланный,","закланных","убивали;","убил","убитых"]·ES["degollada","degollado","degollados","fuiste-inmolado","inmolado","inmolados","lo-mató","mató","se-maten"]·SW["alimuua","aliyechinjwa","aliyechinjwa,","kilichochinjwa","ulichinjwa,","waliochinjwa","wauwane;"]·TR["-o","boğazlanmış","boğazlanmışların","kesilmiş","kesti","ve-","öldürsünler","öldürülmüşlerin"]·urd["ذبح-کریں","ذبح-کیا-گیا","ذبح-کیا-ہوا","ذبح-کیے-ہوؤں-کا","ذبح-کیے-ہوئوں-کی","ذبح-ہوا","قتل-کیا"]
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
σφάζω, Refs 8th c.BC+ downwards, σφάττω, compare Σφαττόμενος title of play by Refs 4th c.BC+; Boeotian dialect σφάδδω Refs: future σφάξω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἔσφαξα Refs 8th c.BC+perfect ἔσφᾰκα, known from pluperfect ἐσφάκειν Refs 2nd c.AD+:—passive, future σφᾰγήσομαι Refs 5th c.BC+aorist ἐσφάγην [ᾰ] Trag. Refs 4th c.BC+; less frequently ἐσφάχθην, Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἔσφαγμαι Refs 8th…