σκώληξ G4663
worm; a crawling larva or grub, especially one that feeds on decaying matter
The Greek word for worm, particularly earthworms or the larvae of insects. In the NT it appears exclusively in Mark 9:44, 46, 48—Jesus' warning about Gehenna where 'their worm does not die and the fire is not quenched,' echoing Isaiah 66:24. The imagery is stark: worms that perpetually consume but are never satisfied, symbolizing unending destruction. Classical Greek uses it for various worms and grubs, those found in dung, decayed matter, or infested trees—creatures associated with corruption and death.
Senses
1. sense 1 — The translations are perfectly uniform across languages: English 'worm', Spanish 'gusano', French 'ver', German 'Wurm'. This unanimity reflects a concrete, unambiguous term. Jesus' threefold repetition (Mark 9:44, 46, 48) emphasizes the horror of final judgment through this visceral image—worms ceaselessly gnawing on the dead, an emblem of unending decay and loss. 3×
AR["دُودُهُمْ"]·ben["কীট"]·DE["Wurm"]·EN["worm"]·FR["ver"]·heb["תּוֹלַעַת"]·HI["कीड़ा"]·ID["ulat"]·IT["skolex"]·jav["cacing"]·KO["구더기-가"]·PT["verme"]·RU["червь"]·ES["gusano"]·SW["funza"]·TR["kurdu"]·urd["کیڑا"]
Related Senses
H6629 1. flock, sheep/goats (small livestock) (274×)H1241 1. cattle, herd (bovine livestock) (183×)H0352a 1. ram (male sheep) (156×)H6499 1. young bull, bullock (130×)H3532 1. lamb, young male sheep (105×)H2543 1. donkey (male ass) (96×)H7794 1. ox, bull (79×)H7462b 1. shepherd (agent noun) (76×)H5795 1. she-goat(s), female goat(s) (68×)H7462b 2. to shepherd, tend, pasture (60×)H1581 1. camel (domestic animal) (54×)H0738b 1. lion (46×)G4263 1. sheep (39×)H5739 1. flock or herd of livestock (38×)H5695 1. calf, young bull (35×)H0738a 1. lion (large predatory feline) (34×)H0860 1. female donkey (34×)H3611 1. dog (animal) (32×)H3715a 1. young lion, lion cub (31×)G0721 1. Lamb (29×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
σκώληξ, ηκος, ὁ, worm, especially earthworm, ὥς τε σκώληξ ἐπὶ γαίῃ κεῖτο ταθείς Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 plural, grubs or larvae of insects, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξ οὗ ὅλου ὅλον γίνεται τὸ ζῷον, opposed to the egg (ᾠόν), Refs 4th c.BC+ __3 plural, worms in dung, in decayed matter, in trees and wood, Refs 4th c.BC+ __4 metaphorically, οἱ κόλακές εἰσι.. οὐσίας σκώληκες Refs 4th c.BC+ __5 aerugo vermicularis,…