Senses
1. to quench, extinguish — To quench or extinguish fire, light, or figuratively the Spirit. Used both in active voice (extinguishing fire actively) and passive/middle voice (being quenched, going out). In Mark 9:44/46/48, the fire of Gehenna 'is not quenched' (ou sbennytai, passive), describing the unending judgment fire. In Matt 12:20, the Servant of the Lord 'will not quench' (ou sbesei, future active) a smoldering wick, pointing to gentle care. In Matt 25:8, the foolish virgins' lamps 'are going out' (sbennyntai, present middle/passive). In Eph 6:16, the shield of faith is able 'to extinguish' (sbesai, aorist infinitive) the flaming arrows of the evil one. In 1 Thess 5:19, Paul commands 'do not quench' (sbennyte, present imperative) the Spirit -- a powerful metaphorical extension. In Heb 11:34, heroes of faith 'quenched' (esbesan, aorist active) the power of fire. All multilingual glosses converge on a single semantic field: Arabic yutfi'u/tutfa'u, German ausloeschen, French eteindre, Hebrew yekabbeh/nikhbah/tekabbu, Korean kkeoddeurida/kkeojida, Spanish apagar. The six auto-split clusters are purely inflectional variants (passive 3S, active infinitive, present imperative 2P, aorist 3P, future 3S, present middle/passive 3P) of one sense. 8×
AR["أَطْفَأُوا","أَن-تُطفِئوا","تَنْطَفِئُ","تُطْفَأُ","تُطْفِئوا","يُطفِئُ"]·ben["নিভাতে।","নিভাবে","নিভিয়ে-দিল","নিভে-যাচ্ছে","নেভাও","নেভে"]·DE["ausloeschen","σβέννυνται","σβέσει"]·EN["are-going-out","he-will-quench","is-quenched","quench","quenched","to-extinguish"]·FR["éteindre"]·heb["יְכַבֶּה","כִּבּוּ","כָּבוֹת","לְכַבּוֹת.","נִכְבָּה","תְּכַבּוּ"]·HI["बुझ-रहे-हैं","बुझअओ","बुझअन","बुझअयेगअ","बुझती","बुझाया"]·ID["akan-memadamkan","memadamkan","memadamkan.","padam","padamkan"]·IT["esbesan","sbennute","sbesai","spegnere"]·jav["badhé-nyirep,","nyirep","nyirep.","padha-nyirep.","pejah","sèp"]·KO["꺼뜨렸으니","꺼져간다","꺼지지","끄다","끄지","소멸하지-말라."]·PT["apagam-se","apagar.","apagaram","apagueis","se-apaga"]·RU["гаснут","погасить.","угасает","угасили","угасит","угашайте"]·ES["apagar","apagaron","apagará","apaguéis","se-apaga","se-apagan"]·SW["hauzimiki","izime","kuyazima","walizima","zima,","zinazimika"]·TR["söndürdüler","söndürmeyecek","söndürmeyin","sönüyor","sönüyorlar"]·urd["بجھاؤ","بجھائی","بجھائے-گا","بجھانے-کو","بجھتی","بجھتے-ہیں"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
σβέννῡμι, Refs 5th c.BC+; σβεννύω, Refs 5th c.BC+: imperfect ἐσβέννυον Refs 2nd c.AD+future σβέσω App Refs 5th c.BC+; Epic dialect σβέσσω Oracle texts cited in Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἔσβεσα Refs 8th c.BC+; Epic dialect infinitive σβέσσαι Refs 8th c.BC+; Ionic dialect infinitive κατα-ς βῶσαι Refs 3rd c.BC+perfect and aorist 2, see below:—middle, future σβήσομαι (ἀπο-) Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist…