πατρ-ᾰλοίας G3964
father-striker, one who strikes or kills his father, parricide
A compound noun denoting someone who strikes or murders his father—a parricide. First Timothy 1:9 lists it among lawless behaviors the law addresses: murderers, immoral persons, slave traders, liars, and father-strikers. The term marks violation of the fifth commandment's most extreme form—not mere dishonor but violence against the father who gave life. Ancient law codes treated parricide as uniquely heinous, and Paul's catalog places it among society's worst moral outrages.
Senses
1. sense 1 — First Timothy 1:9 includes 'father-strikers' (πατρολῴαις) in Paul's vice list. The translations (English 'father-strikers', Spanish 'parricidas', German 'Vaterschlaeger') identify those who assault fathers. The catalog's logic groups similar crimes: murderers and father-strikers (violence), immoral persons and homosexuals (sexual sin), slave traders (exploiting persons), liars and perjurers (false witness). Father-striking represents family violence's ultimate betrayal, striking at patriarchal order's foundation. 1×
AR["قاتِلي-الآباءِ"]·ben["পিতৃহত্যাকারীদের"]·DE["Vaterschlaeger"]·EN["for-father-strikers"]·FR["πατρολῴαις"]·heb["לְ-מַכֵּי-אָב"]·HI["पित-घअत"]·ID["pembunuh-ayah"]·IT["patrolōais"]·jav["tiyang-mejahi-bapa"]·KO["부친-살해자들에게"]·PT["parricidas"]·RU["отцеубийцам"]·ES["parricidas"]·SW["kwa-wauaji-wa-baba"]·TR["baba-katillerine"]·urd["باپ-کے-قاتلوں"]
Related Senses
H2896a 1. good (quality or moral) (305×)H7563 1. wicked person (259×)H7451c 1. moral evil or wickedness (234×)H5771 1. iniquity, sin, wrongdoing (222×)H6662 1. righteous person (substantive) (195×)G0266 1. sin, failure, transgression (173×)H2403b 1. sin, transgression (170×)H2617a 1. Covenant faithfulness, steadfast love (167×)H2398 1. Qal: to sin, commit sin (165×)H6666 1. righteousness, moral uprightness (145×)G5485 1. grace, divine favor (141×)H7451a 1. morally evil, wicked (129×)H2403b 2. sin-offering, sacrifice for sin (120×)G2570 1. good, right, excellent (98×)H6588 1. transgression, offense against God (88×)G0018 1. good (moral quality) (85×)H2896b 1. good, what is good (85×)H7451b 1. evil, wickedness (moral) (83×)H7451a 2. evil, harm, calamity (80×)G1342 1. righteous, upright (of persons) (70×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
πατρ-ᾰλοίας, genitive α and ου, ὁ, vocative -αλοῖα: (άω):— one who slays or strikes his father, parricide, Refs 5th c.BC+:—sometimes written πατραλῴας or πατρολῴας(πατρ-λώας, πατρ-λόας) in codices, as NT+1st c.AD+