παρά-βᾰσις G3847
Transgression, violation; the deliberate overstepping of a divine command or established law.
A legal and theological term denoting the willful crossing of a boundary set by God's law. Paul uses it surgically in Romans and Galatians to argue that where there is no explicit law, there can be no formal 'transgression' (Rom 4:15), and that the law was added precisely to make transgressions visible (Gal 3:19). Spanish 'transgresion,' French 'transgression,' and German 'Ubertretung' all preserve the root metaphor of stepping across a line. In 1 Timothy 2:14 it distinguishes Eve's deception from Adam's knowing violation, adding a subtle anthropological dimension.
Senses
1. transgression, violation of law — Transgression, violation of law — the act of knowingly overstepping a divine boundary or commandment. Paul's usage is theologically precise: transgression requires a promulgated law to transgress (Rom 4:15), and the law itself was given 'because of transgressions' (Gal 3:19). In Rom 5:14, those who sinned before Moses did not sin 'in the likeness of Adam's transgression,' highlighting the formal, legal character of parabasis. The cross-linguistic evidence — Spanish 'transgresion,' French 'transgression,' German 'Ubertretung' (lit. 'over-stepping') — uniformly preserves the spatial metaphor of crossing a forbidden boundary. 7×
AR["التَّعَدِّيَاتِ", "التَّعَدّي", "التَّعَدّياتِ", "تَعَدٍّ", "مُخالَفَةٌ", "مُخالَفَةِ"]·ben["অতিক্রম।", "অতিক্রমের", "অপরাধগুলির", "অপরাধে", "লঙ্ঘন", "লঙ্ঘনের"]·DE["Uebertretung"]·EN["transgression", "transgressions"]·FR["transgression"]·heb["עֲבֵרָה", "עֲבֵרוֹת", "פְּשָׁעִים", "פֶּשַׁע"]·HI["अपरअधोन", "अपराध", "अपराधों,", "अप्रअध", "उल्लंघन"]·ID["pelanggaran", "pelanggaran-pelanggaran", "pelanggaran."]·IT["parabasei", "parabaseōn", "parabasis", "trasgressione"]·jav["nglanggar", "panerak", "panerak.", "pelanggaran", "pelanggaran-pelanggaran"]·KO["범법과", "범법들의", "범죄", "범죄들", "범함"]·PT["transgressão", "transgressões"]·RU["образ", "преступление", "преступлении", "преступлений", "преступления"]·ES["transgresiones", "transgresión"]·SW["kosa", "kuvunja", "makosa", "uvunjaji"]·TR["cigneme", "ihlal", "ihlalinin", "ihlallerin", "suçların", "suçta"]·urd["خلاف-ورزی", "خلاف-ورزیوں-کے-لیے", "قصور", "قصوروں"]
Related Senses
H2896a 1. good (quality or moral) (305×)H7563 1. wicked person (259×)H7451c 1. moral evil or wickedness (234×)H5771 1. iniquity, sin, wrongdoing (222×)H6662 1. righteous person (substantive) (195×)G0266 1. sin, failure, transgression (173×)H2403b 1. sin, transgression (170×)H2617a 1. Covenant faithfulness, steadfast love (167×)H2398 1. Qal: to sin, commit sin (165×)H6666 1. righteousness, moral uprightness (145×)G5485 1. grace, divine favor (141×)H7451a 1. morally evil, wicked (129×)H2403b 2. sin-offering, sacrifice for sin (120×)G2570 1. good, right, excellent (98×)H6588 1. transgression, offense against God (88×)G0018 1. good (moral quality) (85×)H2896b 1. good, what is good (85×)H7451b 1. evil, wickedness (moral) (83×)H7451a 2. evil, harm, calamity (80×)G1342 1. righteous, upright (of persons) (70×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
παρά-βᾰσις, Epic dialect παραίβ-, εως, ἡ, going aside, escape, παραίβασις ἔσσετ᾽ ὀλέθρου Refs 3rd c.BC+; deviation, variant in Refs 4th c.BC+; digression, Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 of the action of walking, π. καὶ παράλλαξις σκελῶν Refs 1st c.AD+ __3 transition, passage, Refs 2nd c.BC+ __II overstepping, ὅρων Refs 1st c.BC+: absolutely, transgression, LXX+NT+1st c.AD+; error, illusion, Refs 4th c.BC+;…