οὗτος G3778
Este, esta, esto, estos: pronombre demostrativo de proximidad para personas, cosas y construcciones explicativas.
El pronombre demostrativo οὗτος (masculino), αὕτη (femenino), τοῦτο (neutro) es el recurso principal del Nuevo Testamento griego para senalar lo cercano, presente o recien mencionado. Refiere a cosas y situaciones ('por esto,' Mt 6:25), identifica personas concretas ('este es aquel de quien esta escrito,' Mt 11:10), y ocasionalmente introduce glosas explicativas: τοῦτ᾽ ἔστιν, 'esto es' o 'es decir' (Ro 9:8). La distincion entre su referencia a cosas y su referencia a personas queda confirmada por los patrones de traduccion multilingue.
Sentidos
1. esto, estas cosas — Pronombre demostrativo que senala cosas, conceptos, situaciones o realidades abstractas: el uso neutro y general, el sentido mas frecuente con mas de 1.000 ocurrencias. Aparece en frases como διὰ τοῦτο ('por esto,' Mt 6:25), μετὰ ταῦτα ('despues de estas cosas') y ταῦτα πάντα ('todas estas cosas,' Mt 6:33). Las traducciones convergen en demostrativos neutros: 'esto,' 'ceci,' 'dies.' 1003×
AR["-", "هذا", "هَذَا", "هَٰذا", "هٰذا", "هٰذَا"]·ben["এই", "এটা", "এটাও"]·DE["diese", "dieses"]·EN["this"]·FR["ceci"]·heb["-", "זֶה", "זֹאת"]·HI["इस", "इस-कअरन", "और", "निकला-हूँ", "यह"]·ID["-", "ini", "itu"]·IT["questo"]·jav["iki", "iki;", "punika", "punika,"]·KO["이", "이것", "이것-을", "이것-이", "이것은", "이것을", "이것을;", "이것이"]·PT["disto", "este", "isto", "isto;"]·RU["-", "сем", "то", "это", "этого", "этому"]·ES["esto"]·SW["atamwacha", "bali", "haliwezekani", "haya", "hicho", "hii", "hili", "hili,", "hili;", "huu", "kwa-hiyo,", "mimi", "mtapokea"]·TR["-", "bu", "bu-yüzden", "bunu", "bunu;", "bunun"]·urd["اس-لیے", "اِس", "یہ", "یہی"]
Matt 6:25, Matt 8:9, Matt 12:27, Matt 13:13, Matt 18:23, Matt 19:5, Matt 19:26, Matt 20:23, Matt 23:14, Matt 23:34, Matt 26:28, Mark 1:38 (+38 más)
2. este, esta persona — Pronombre demostrativo referido a personas concretas: 'este,' 'esta,' 'estos,' 'estas.' Empleado como sustantivo en formas masculinas y femeninas, identifica individuos dentro de la narracion. Mt 3:3 ('este es aquel de quien se hablo'), Mt 12:23 ('!sera este el Hijo de David?') y Mt 11:10 ilustran la referencia personal. El espanol 'este/esta' distingue genero de manera natural. 383×
AR["فَ-هٰذَا", "فَهٰذَا", "لِأَنَّ-هٰذَا", "هذا", "هَذَا", "هَٰذا", "هٰذَا"]·ben["এ", "এই", "এই-জন", "এই-সেই", "এইজন", "সে"]·DE["diese", "dieser"]·EN["This", "This-one", "this", "this-one"]·FR["celui-ci"]·heb["הַזֶּה", "הוּא", "זֶה"]·HI["यह", "यह-तो", "ये", "वह", "वहि", "वही", "है"]·ID["Dia", "Ini", "dia", "dialah", "ini", "inilah", "orang-ini"]·IT["questo"]·jav["Panjenenganipun", "Piyambakipun", "Punika", "iki", "piyambakipun", "punika", "punika,", "punika."]·KO["이", "이-는", "이-분은", "이-사람은", "이-사람이", "이-이가", "이-자가", "이가", "이것-이"]·PT["Este", "este", "este?", "é-este"]·RU["Он", "Это", "Этот", "Этот-ли", "тот", "этот", "этот?"]·ES["Este", "este", "éste"]·SW["-", "ataokolewa", "hawa", "huu", "huyu", "ndiye"]·TR["bu"]·urd["اِس-نے", "یہ", "یہی"]
Matt 3:3, Matt 5:19, Matt 10:22, Matt 11:10, Matt 12:23, Matt 13:22, Matt 13:23, Matt 15:8, Matt 18:4, Matt 21:10, Matt 21:38, Matt 24:13 (+38 más)
3. esto es, es decir — Un uso a nivel discursivo donde el demostrativo introduce una clausula explicativa o epexegetica, funcionando como 'esto es,' 'es decir' o 'a saber.' La construccion τοῦτ᾽ ἔστιν aparece en Ro 9:8 ('esto es, no son los hijos de la carne'), Ro 10:6 y Mc 7:2 ('esto es, sin lavar'). Esta funcion metalinguistica es rara (unas 13 ocurrencias) pero reconocible en todas las lenguas. 13×
AR["أَيْ", "هذا", "هذِهِ", "هَذَا", "هٰذَا", "هٰذَا-هُوَ"]·ben["অর্থাত্", "অর্থাৎ", "এইটা", "এটি"]·DE["diese", "dieses"]·EN["that", "that-", "that-is", "that-is-", "this", "this-"]·FR["ceci", "celui-ci"]·heb["זֶה", "זֶה-הוּא", "זֹאת", "כְּלוֹמַר"]·HI["अर्थात्", "अशुद्ध", "यह", "यह-है", "वह"]·ID["ini", "yaitu"]·IT["questi", "questo"]·jav["inggih-punika", "inggih-punika,", "punika"]·KO["그것은", "이것-은", "이것은", "이것이"]·PT["Isto-", "isto", "isto-", "isto-é,"]·RU["-веры", "есть", "свести-вниз", "то-", "то-есть", "то-есть,", "это", "это-"]·ES["esto", "esto'", "esto-es"]·SW["hii", "hiyo", "huyo", "yaani", "yaani,", "yaani-"]·TR["bu", "yani-"]·urd["یعنی", "یہی"]
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G3588 1. definite article (18298×)H0853 1. definite direct object marker (10915×)G2532 1. (8312×)H3068 1. YHWH (the divine name) (6522×)H0834a 1. relative pronoun (who/which/that) (4839×)H3588a 1. causal: because, for (3498×)G1161 1. and (2806×)H3478 1. Israel (proper name and nation) (2507×)G4771 1. you (plural address) (1853×)H1931 1. personal pronoun he/she/it (1431×)G3739 1. relative pronoun who/which/that (1149×)H1732 1. David (proper name) (1075×)H2088 1. this, this one (demonstrative) (1059×)G1063 1. (1047×)H???? 2. (1002×)G2424 1. (924×)G3754 1. that (content clause) (881×)H2009 1. presentative particle: behold, look (881×)H0589 1. I (first person singular pronoun) (874×)H0518a 1. conditional particle: if (827×)
Referencia BDB / Léxico
οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο, genitive τούτου, ταύτης, τούτου, etc.: the dual feminine never in Attic dialect, see ὁ, ἡ, τό, [near the start]:—demonstrative pronoun, this, common from Refs 8th c.BC+ __A ORIGIN and FORMS: οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο probably arose from a reduplication of the demonstrative ὁ, ἡ, τό with insertion of -υ- (= Sanskrit Particle u), e.g. ταῦτα from τα-υ-τα: Doric dialect genitive singular…