οὐδέ G3761
Negative conjunction 'nor, neither' or emphatic adverb 'not even,' extending or intensifying a negation.
A two-faced negative particle that serves double duty in the New Testament. As a conjunction it chains negations together—'nor,' 'and not,' 'neither'—linking items or clauses already under a negative umbrella (Matt 6:26: they neither sow nor reap nor gather). As an emphatic adverb it sharpens the denial to 'not even,' underscoring that the most expected case still fails (Matt 6:29: not even Solomon in all his glory). Spanish 'ni' and French 'ni' capture the conjunctive sense cleanly, while Spanish 'ni aun' and 'tampoco' mark the emphatic adverb nicely.
Senses
1. nor, neither (conjunctive) — Conjunctive negation joining two or more negated elements: 'nor,' 'and not,' 'neither.' Continues a prior negative to add another excluded item or clause. The cross-lingual glosses converge tightly—Spanish 'ni,' French 'ni,' German 'auch nicht'—reflecting the straightforward additive-negative function. Central in Jesus's argument from nature in Matt 6:26 ('they neither sow nor reap') and in catalogue denials like Matt 6:20. 98×
AR["وَ-لا", "وَ-لَا", "وَلا-", "وَلَا"]·ben["এবং-না", "না", "না-ও", "নাও"]·DE["auch-nicht"]·EN["nor", "nor-"]·FR["ni", "ni-"]·heb["גַּם-לֹא", "וְ-גַם-לֹא", "וְ-לֹא", "וְלֹא"]·HI["और-न", "न", "न-ही"]·ID["dan-tidak", "juga-tidak", "tidak-juga"]·IT["né"]·jav["Ugi-mboten", "boten-ugi", "lan-mboten", "lan-ugi-mboten", "mboten-ugi", "sarta-boten", "ugi-mboten"]·KO["~도-아니고", "~도-아니라", "~도-않고", "~도-않다", "~도-않으리라", "또한", "아니다", "않다"]·PT["nem"]·RU["и-не", "ни"]·ES["ni"]·SW["-", "alithubutu", "haitakuwa", "wala", "wanaoingia"]·TR["ne-de"]·urd["نہ"]
Matt 5:15, Matt 6:20, Matt 6:26, Matt 6:26, Matt 6:28, Matt 7:18, Matt 9:17, Matt 10:24, Matt 11:27, Matt 12:4, Matt 12:19, Matt 12:19 (+38 more)
2. not even (emphatic adverb) — Emphatic adverbial negation meaning 'not even,' intensifying the denial to stress that even the least expected case is included in the exclusion. Spanish distinguishes this with 'tampoco' and 'ni aun' where the conjunctive sense uses simple 'ni,' confirming the heightened force. Prominent in Matt 6:29 ('not even Solomon') and Matt 27:14 (Jesus did not answer 'not even one word'). 46×
AR["أَوَلا", "لأنّي", "لا", "وَ-لا", "وَ-لَا", "وَلا", "وَلا-", "وَلَا"]·ben["এবং না", "এমনও", "না", "না-এমনকি", "না-ও", "নাও"]·DE["auch-nicht"]·EN["Neither", "neither", "neither-", "nor-", "not", "not-even", "not-even-"]·FR["ni"]·heb["אֲפִילוּ", "אֲפִלּוּ", "אַף-לֹא", "גַּם לֹא", "גַּם-לֹא", "גַּם־לֹא", "וְ-לֹא", "וְלֹא"]·HI["एक-भी", "न", "न-भी", "न-हि", "न-ही", "नहीं", "भी"]·ID["Tidak-juga", "bahkan", "bahkan-tidak", "juga-tidak", "tidak", "tidak-bahkan", "tidak-juga", "tidak-pun"]·IT["né"]·jav["Ugi-mboten", "boten-ugi", "lan-mboten", "mboten-ugi", "punapa-mboten", "setunggal", "ugi-boten", "ugi-mboten"]·KO["-도-아니다", "~도-않", "~도-않는", "도-아니", "또한", "또한-아니요", "아니", "아니-", "아니다", "않다"]·PT["Nem", "nem"]·RU["И", "даже", "даже-не", "и", "и-не", "ни"]·ES["Tampoco", "ni", "ni-aun", "ni-siquiera", "tampoco"]·SW["Je", "hakuna", "hata", "ili", "ninawaambia", "wala"]·TR["bile", "hatta-değil", "ne-de"]·urd["اور-نہ", "ایک-بھی", "میں", "نہ", "نہ-بھی", "نہ-ہی", "کیا-نہ"]
Matt 6:15, Matt 6:29, Matt 21:27, Matt 21:32, Matt 27:14, Mark 5:3, Mark 6:31, Mark 12:10, Mark 14:59, Luke 6:3, Luke 7:7, Luke 7:9 (+34 more)
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
οὐδέ, negative Particle, related to μηδέ as οὐ to μή, partly conjunction, partly adverb: __A CONJUNCTION, but not, mostly answering to μέν (sometimes written divisim), Refs 8th c.BC+, but not, is followed by οὐδέ, nor, ἄλλοις μὲν πᾶσιν ἑήνδανεν, οὐδέ ποθ᾽ Ἥρῃ, οὐδὲ Ποσειδάων᾽, οὐδὲ γλαυκώπιδι κούρῃ Refs __A.II more frequently and not, nor: sometimes without a negative preceding, Κίρκη δ᾽ ὡς…