κατάκειμαι G2621
To lie down, especially of the sick or bedridden; also to recline at a meal table in the ancient dining posture.
Katakeimai paints a picture of the body at rest -- whether forced by illness or chosen for fellowship. Simon Peter's mother-in-law 'was lying sick with a fever' (Mark 1:30), and the paralytic's friends lowered him through the roof because he 'was lying' on a mat (Mark 2:4). Yet the same verb describes the convivial posture of ancient dining: guests 'reclined at table' with Jesus (Mark 2:15; 14:3), and Paul asks whether someone with a weak conscience might see you 'reclining at table' in an idol's temple (1 Cor 8:10). Spanish distinguishes these beautifully -- 'postrado' (prostrate, bedridden) versus 'reclinado' (reclined at table) -- revealing how body position carries social meaning.
1. lie down, be bedridden — To lie down physically, typically of one who is sick, injured, or otherwise confined to bed. Peter's mother-in-law 'was lying' with a fever (Mark 1:30); the paralytic 'was lying' on a pallet when brought to Jesus (Mark 2:4); multitudes of the sick 'were lying' at the pool of Bethesda (John 5:3, 6). The command to the healed paralytic to rise and take up his bed (Luke 5:25) presupposes this posture. Spanish 'estar postrado' (to be prostrate) and German 'liegen' (to lie) highlight the helplessness and passivity of the bedridden state. 7×
AR["راقِدًا","كانَ مُضْطَجِعًا","كانَ-مُضطَجِعًا","كَانَ-يَرْقُدُ","كَانَتْ-مُضْطَجِعَةً","مَطْرُوحًا","مُضْطَجِعًا"]·ben["শুইয়া-থাকিতে","শুয়ে-ছিল","শুয়ে-ছিল।","শুয়ে-থাকতে","শুয়ে-থাকা"]·DE["liegen","κατέκειτο","κατακείμενον","κατακεῖσθαι"]·EN["he-was-lying","lying","to-be-lying","was-lying","were-lying"]·FR["être-couché"]·heb["לִשְׁכַב","שָׁכְבָה","שָׁכַב","שׁוֹכֵב"]·HI["पड़ा-हुआ-था,","पड़े-थे","पड़े-हुए,","यीशु","लेटा-था","लेटा-हुआ","शिमोन"]·ID["berbaring","berbaring,","berbaring.","ia-berbaring","terbaring"]·IT["essere-sdraiato","giacere"]·jav["gelar","gelar,","gerah","gerah.","lenggah","sare,","tilem"]·KO["누워-있기를","누워-있는","누워-있던","누워-있었다"]·PT["estar-deitado,","estava-deitada","estava-deitado.","jazendo"]·RU["лежал","лежал,","лежала","лежало","лежащего","лежащего,"]·ES["acostado","estaba-acostada","estar-postrado","postrado","yacía"]·SW["alichokuwa-amelalia","alikuwa-amelala","alilala","alipokuwa-amelala.","amelala","walilala"]·TR["-a","yatan","yatıyordu","yatıyordu."]·urd["-کو","بھیڑ","لیٹا-ہوا","پڑا-تھا","پڑا-ہوا","پڑا-ہوا-تھا","پڑی-تھی"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
2. recline at table — To recline at a dining table in the customary Greco-Roman and Near Eastern posture for eating. At Levi's banquet, 'many tax collectors and sinners were reclining at table with Jesus' (Mark 2:15). At Simon the leper's house, Jesus 'was reclining at table' when a woman anointed him (Mark 14:3). A sinful woman approached Jesus while he 'reclined' at a Pharisee's table (Luke 7:37). Paul's discussion of food offered to idols envisions someone 'reclining at table in an idol's temple' (1 Cor 8:10). Spanish 'reclinado' and 'estando reclinado' capture the formal, social character of this dining posture. 5×
AR["أَنْ يَتَّكِئَ","جالِساً","مُتَّكِئينَ","مُتَّكِئًا","مُتَّكِئٌ"]·ben["বসা,","বসে-থাকতে","শুয়ে-আছেন","শুয়ে-থাকা","হেলান-দিয়ে-আছেন"]·DE["liegen","κατάκειται","κατακείμενοι"]·EN["he-reclines","reclining","to-recline"]·FR["être-couché"]·heb["בְּ-מֵסֵּבוֹ","לְהֵסֵב","מֵסֵב","מֵסֻבִּים"]·HI["बैठना","बैठा-हुआ","बैठा-है","बैठे-हुए"]·ID["Ia-berbaring","berbaring","duduk-makan","duduk-makan,","ketika-berbaring"]·IT["essere-sdraiato","giacere"]·jav["lenggah","lenggah,","lungguh-mangan","nalika-lenggah-dhahar","sami-dhahar"]·KO["기대어-있다","누워-있는","식사하다","앉아-있는","앉아-있을-때"]·PT["de-ele-estar-reclinado","estava-reclinado","reclinado","reclinado,"]·RU["возлежавшего","возлежать","возлежащие.","возлежащим,","возлежит"]·ES["estando-reclinado","estar-reclinado","está-reclinado","reclinados","recostado"]·SW["akiketi-mezani","akiwa-amelala","amelala","umeketi-mezani,","wakila"]·TR["oturması","sofrada-oturan","uzandığında","uzanmış"]·urd["بیٹھا-ہوا","بیٹھنا","بیٹھے-ہوئے","ساتھ","میں"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
κατάκειμαι, Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural κατακείαται Refs 8th c.BC+: Ionic dialect pluperfect κατεκέατο Refs 5th c.BC+; subjunctive -κέωμαιRefs 5th c.BC+ —passive, only in present and imperfect with future middle -κείσομαι:—lie down, μῆλα τὰ δὴ κατάκειτ᾽ ἐσφαγμένα Refs 8th c.BC+; ἐπὶ πλευρὰς κ. Refs 8th c.BC+; νέκυς κ. Refs 7th c.BC+ __2 lie hid, ἐν λόχμῃ.. κατέκειτο μέγας σῦς Refs 8th c.BC+ __3…