Senses
1. mistreat, harm, oppress — To treat badly, to cause suffering or harm to someone; to maltreat or oppress. This is the single sense of kakoo in the NT, covering all its occurrences as inflectional variants of the same meaning. In Stephen's speech (Acts 7:6), God foretells that Abraham's descendants 'will be mistreated' in a foreign land (future kakosousin), and in Acts 7:19 Pharaoh 'mistreated' the Israelite fathers (aorist ekakosen). In Acts 12:1, Herod set out 'to harm' certain members of the church (aorist infinitive kakosai). In Acts 14:2 the unbelieving Jews 'embittered/poisoned the minds' of the Gentiles against the brothers (aorist ekakosan) -- here the harm is psychological/social rather than physical. In Acts 18:10 the Lord assures Paul that no one will 'harm' him (aorist infinitive kakosai). In 1 Pet 3:13 Peter asks rhetorically who will 'harm' the zealous for good (future participle kakosoon). All multilingual glosses converge: Arabic asaa'a ilaa / yu'dhiya (do evil to, harm), French maltraiter, Hebrew heera (do evil), Hindi dukh denaa / haani pahunchaanaa (cause suffering/damage), Korean hakdae-hada / haechida (abuse/harm), Spanish maltratar / danar. 6×
AR["أَساءوا","أَسَاءَ-إِلَى","سَيُسِيئُونَ","لِـ-يُسِيءَ","لِيُؤْذِيَـ","يُؤذيكُم"]·ben["কষ্ট-দিল","কষ্ট-দেবে","ক্ষতি-করতে","ক্ষতি-করবে","খারাপ-করল","নির্যাতন-করতে"]·DE["misshandeln","κακώσουσιν","κακῶσαί","ἐκάκωσαν","ἐκάκωσεν"]·EN["embittered","harming","mistreated","to-harm","will-mistreat"]·FR["maltraiter","κακώσων"]·heb["הֵרֵעוּ","הֵרַע","הַמֵּרַע","יְעַנּוּם","לְהָרַע"]·HI["दुःख-दिया","दुःख-देंगे","दुख-देने-को","बुरा-किया","हानि-करने-वाला","हानि-पहुँचाने"]·ID["akan-menyakiti","menyakiti","menyiksa","meracuni","untuk-menyiksa"]·IT["kakōsōn","maltrattare"]·jav["kang-nyilakani","nganggu","nganiaya","ngawonaken"]·KO["학대할-것이다","학대했다","해쳤다","해치려고","해하기-위해","해할-자냐"]·PT["irritaram","maltratarão","maltratou","vos-fará-mal,"]·RU["будут-угнетать","озлобили","притеснял","причинивший-зло","причинить-зло","чтобы-сделать-зло"]·ES["envenenaron","maltratar","maltratarán","maltrató","para-hacerte-mal","que-os-dañará"]·SW["aliwatesa","atakayewadhuru","kukudhuru","kuwadhuru","wakawachukiza","watawatesa"]·TR["bizim","kötü-davranacaklar","kötüe-davranmak-için","kötülük-etmek","kötülük-ettiler","zarar-verecek"]·urd["ایذا-دینے","برا-بھلا-کیا","بُرا-کیا","ظلم-کریں-گے","نقصان-پہنچانے-والا","نقصان-پہنچانے-کو"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
κᾰκόω, maltreat, distress, in Refs 8th c.BC+ always of persons, κεκακωμένοι ἐν Πύλῳ ἦμεν, ἐλθὼν γάρ ῥ᾽ ἐκάκωσε βίη Ἡρακληείη Refs 8th c.BC+; μηδὲ.. κάκου κεκακωμένον afflict not the afflicted, Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. [θεὸς] δῶμα Refs 5th c.BC+:—in passive, to be in ill plight, be distressed, κεκακωμένος ἅλμῃ befouled with brine, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 of things, spoil, ruin, τὰ κοινά Refs 5th c.BC+; of…