καθό G2526
Insofar as, according as, to the degree that; an adverb of proportion or correspondence.
A connecting adverb that establishes a standard of measure or proportion between two realities. Paul uses it to acknowledge human limitation alongside divine help: 'we do not know what we ought to pray for' (Rom 8:26). In 2 Corinthians 8:12 it appears twice, framing the principle that generosity is acceptable according to what one has. The Spanish según and French selon-que both capture this proportional nuance, while German sofern highlights the conditional aspect.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Insofar as, according to, to the degree that — expressing proportion or correspondence between two states of affairs. Spanish según ('according to') and French selon-que ('according as') both capture the comparative, proportional force. In Rom 8:26, it qualifies human inadequacy in prayer; in 2 Cor 8:12 it sets the measure of acceptable giving; in 1 Pet 4:13 it connects present suffering with future glory — rejoicing insofar as one shares in Christ's sufferings. 4×
AR["بِحَسَبِ", "بِقَدرِ-ما", "كَمَا"]·ben["অনুসারে-", "যেমন"]·DE["sofern"]·EN["according-to-what", "as-", "insofar-as-"]·FR["selon-que", "sofern"]·heb["כְּפִי"]·HI["अनुसार", "जितना", "जैसे"]·ID["menurut", "sebagaimana", "sejauh"]·IT["in-quanto", "katho"]·jav["kados", "kados-pundi", "miturut"]·KO["~에-따라", "에-따라"]·PT["como", "conforme", "na-medida-em-que"]·RU["Сам", "насколько", "сообразно-"]·ES["como", "en-cuanto", "según"]·SW["kama", "kulingana-na", "kwa-kadri"]·TR["-e-göre", "değil", "göre-", "nasıl"]·urd["جیسا", "جیسے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
καθό, adverb for καθ᾽ ὅ (which should perhaps be written), in so far as, according as, NT+5th c.BC+in respect of.., Refs 1st c.BC+ __II wherefore, Refs 5th c.BC+