ἐνυβρ-ίζω G1796
to insult, outrage, treat with contempt; show disrespect or scorn toward someone or something sacred
This verb means to insult or treat with outrage and contempt, especially regarding sacred things. Hebrews 10:29 warns of severe punishment for those who have 'done despite unto the Spirit of grace.' This is willful, arrogant rejection of God's gracious offer. Classical usage included insulting people, mocking them in their circumstances, or treating laws contemptuously. The author of Hebrews employs the strongest language for trampling Christ's blood and insulting the Spirit—apostasy that merits fearful judgment.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Hebrews 10:29 warns of punishment for 'having insulted the Spirit of grace' (τὸ πνεῦμα... ἐνυβρίσας). The aorist participle marks completed action: willful, arrogant contempt for the Holy Spirit's gracious work. This is apostasy language: treating Christ's blood as common and scorning the Spirit. Spanish ultrajando and French outrager capture the outrage dimension. Classical usage included mockery and contemptuous treatment. The author describes the ultimate insult: rejecting divine grace itself after receiving knowledge of truth. 1×
AR["أَهَانَ"]·ben["অপমান-করেছে"]·DE["schmaehen"]·EN["having-insulted"]·FR["outrager"]·heb["עִלֵּב"]·HI["अपमान-करने-वाला!"]·ID["telah-menghina!"]·IT["enubrisas"]·jav["ngina"]·KO["모욕한-자가"]·PT["ultrajou"]·RU["оскорбивший"]·ES["ultrajando"]·SW["akimdhulumu"]·TR["aşağılayan"]·urd["بے-عزت-کرنے-والا"]
Related Senses
H2896a 1. good (quality or moral) (305×)H7563 1. wicked person (259×)H7451c 1. moral evil or wickedness (234×)H5771 1. iniquity, sin, wrongdoing (222×)H6662 1. righteous person (substantive) (195×)G0266 1. sin, failure, transgression (173×)H2403b 1. sin, transgression (170×)H2617a 1. Covenant faithfulness, steadfast love (167×)H2398 1. Qal: to sin, commit sin (165×)H6666 1. righteousness, moral uprightness (145×)G5485 1. grace, divine favor (141×)H7451a 1. morally evil, wicked (129×)H2403b 2. sin-offering, sacrifice for sin (120×)G2570 1. good, right, excellent (98×)H6588 1. transgression, offense against God (88×)G0018 1. good (moral quality) (85×)H2896b 1. good, what is good (85×)H7451b 1. evil, wickedness (moral) (83×)H7451a 2. evil, harm, calamity (80×)G1342 1. righteous, upright (of persons) (70×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐνυβρ-ίζω, insult or mock one in a thing, τινά τινι Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 with dative person, insult, γυναιξίν Refs 2nd c.BC+; εἴς τινα Refs 1st c.BC+ __3 absolutely, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 in passive, in Medicine texts, of ulcers, to be irritated, Refs 2nd c.AD+