δουλ-όω G1402
be enslaved, become a slave (passive/stative); enslave, make a slave of (active)
1. be enslaved, become a slave (passive/stative) — Passive and stative sense: to be in a state of slavery or to undergo enslavement. This covers the perfect passive participles indicating a resultant state of bondage (dedoulomenoi in Gal 4:3 'we were enslaved under the elements'; dedoulomenas in Tit 2:3 'enslaved to much wine'), the aorist passive indicating the event of becoming enslaved (edoulothete in Rom 6:18 'you became slaves to righteousness'; doulothentes in Rom 6:22 'having been freed from sin and become slaves to God'), and the perfect indicative passive dedoulotai (1 Cor 7:15 'the brother or sister is not enslaved'; 2 Pet 2:19 'he has been enslaved'). Theologically central in Paul for the slavery-to-freedom-to-new-service pattern. All glosses confirm passive semantics: Arabic mustacbadin, Hebrew meshucbadim, Korean jong-doen, Spanish esclavizados/hechos-siervos. 4×
AR["استُعبِدتُم","مُستَعبَداتٍ","مُستَعبَدينَ"]·ben["তোমরা-দাস-হলে","দাস-হয়ে","দাসত্ব-করা","দাসত্বে-আনা।"]·DE["versklaven"]·EN["enslaved","having-become-slaves","having-been-enslaved","you-became-slaves"]·FR["asservir","versklaven"]·heb["הִשְׁתַּעְבַּדְתֶּם","מְשֻׁעְבָּדִים","מְשֻׁעְבָּדוֹת,","מְשֻעְבָּדִים"]·HI["गुलअमि-मेइन.","दअसि,","दास-बनाये-गए"]·ID["diperbudak","diperbudak,","kamu-diperbudak","setelah-diperbudak"]·IT["dedoulōmenas","dedoulōmenoi","rendere-schiavo"]·jav["dados-abdi","dipundadosaken-réncang.","kawula,","panjenengan-dados-abdi"]·KO["종-되어.","종-되었으니","종-된-자들","종된-자들"]·PT["escravizadas,","escravizados","fostes-feitos-servos","tendo-sido-feitos-servos"]·RU["-праведности","же","порабощены","порабощёнными"]·ES["esclavizadas","esclavizados","fuisteis-hechos-siervos","habiendo-sido-hechos-siervos"]·SW["mkawa-watumwa","mkifanywa-watumwa","tumefungwa-utumwani","waliotiwa-utumwa"]·TR["köle-edildiniz","köle-edilmiş,","köle-edilmiş-olarak","köleleştirilmiş"]·urd["غلام","غلام-بنائے-ہوئے","غلام-ہو-کر","غلام-ہو-گئے"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
2. enslave, make a slave of (active) — Active transitive sense: to reduce someone to slavery, to bring into bondage. In Acts 7:6 (quoting Gen 15:13), God foretells that a foreign nation 'will enslave' (doulosousin) Abraham's descendants. In 1 Cor 9:19, Paul says 'I enslaved myself' (edoulosa) to all for the gospel's sake, using the active voice metaphorically for voluntary self-subordination. Multilingual glosses consistently render with active causative forms: Arabic istacbadtu, Hebrew he'evadti, Hindi das-banaenge, Korean jong-mandeuleotda, Spanish esclavizaran. 4×
AR["اسْتَعْبَدْتُ","سَيَسْتَعْبِدُونَهُ","مُسْتَعْبَداً","يُستَعبَدُ"]·ben["দাস-করবে","দাস-বানালাম,","দাস-হয়েছে","দাসত্বে-বন্দী"]·DE["versklaven","δουλώσουσιν"]·EN["I-enslaved","has-been-enslaved","he-has-been-enslaved","they-will-enslave"]·FR["asservir","versklaven"]·heb["הֶעֱבַדְתִּי","יְשַׁעְבְּדוּם","מְשֻׁעְבָּד","מְשֻעְבָּד"]·HI["दास-बना-है","दास-बनाएँगे","दास-बनाया","दास-बनाया-गया-है"]·ID["aku-memperbudak","diperbudak","diperbudak.","memperbudak"]·IT["dedoulōtai","rendere-schiavo"]·jav["dipun-kawula","kawula.","kula-damel-abdi,","ngawèla-akén"]·KO["매여있다","종-만들었다","종-삼을-것이다","종이-되었다."]·PT["escravizarão","escravizei,","foi-escravizado"]·RU["поработил,","поработят","порабощён"]·ES["esclavicé","esclavizarán","ha-sido-esclavizado"]·SW["hajafungwa","ni-mtumwa-wake","nilijifanya-mtumwa,","watawafanya-watumwa"]·TR["köle yaptım","köle-yapacaklar","kölelenmiştir"]·urd["بندھا-ہوا-ہے","غلام-بنائیں-گے","غلام-بنایا","غلام-بنایا-جاتا-ہے۔"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
δουλ-όω, enslave, Refs 5th c.BC+:—mostly in passive, to be enslaved, ὑπὸ Πέρσῃσι, ὑπὸ Ἁρπάγου, Refs 5th c.BC+; αἱ ψυχαὶ δεδούλωνται Refs 5th c.BC+:—middle (with perfect δεδουλῶσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+, make subject to oneself, enslave, Refs 5th c.BC+