Senses
1. above, upward (spatial/directional adverb) — Adverb indicating spatial position 'above' or directional movement 'upward.' All three clusters share the same core spatial meaning with no genuine semantic distinction—only minor contextual shading. Spanish 'de–arriba' / 'arriba' (from-above/above), Hindi 'ऊपर' (above) appears in all three, Arabic 'فَوق' / 'فَوْقُ' / 'إِلَى–أَعْلَى' (above/upward/to-the-top), Korean '위의' / '위로' / '위' (of-above/upward/above), Swahili 'juu' / 'ya–juu' (above/of-above) uniformly in all clusters. The multilingual evidence shows a single spatial concept expressed in varying syntactic frames. 9×
AR["إِلَى-أَعْلَى","العُليا","العُلْيا","الفَوقِيّاتِ","فَوق","فَوْقُ"]·ben["উপরে","উপরের"]·DE["oben"]·EN["above","top","up","upward"]·FR["en-haut"]·heb["לְמַעְלָה","מַעְלָה","עֶלְיוֹנָה"]·HI["उउपर","ऊपर","ऊपर।","चिह्न"]·ID["atas","atas.","di-atas,","ke-atas","yang di atas","yang-di-atas"]·IT["ano","anō","sopra"]·jav["inggil","nginggil","nginggil,","nginggil."]·KO["그리고","위","위-로","위로","위에서","위의","위의-것들을"]·PT["de-cima","do-alto","em-cima","em-cima.","para-cima","suprema"]·RU["вверх","вверху,","верху","вышнего","вышнее","вышний"]·ES["arriba","de-arriba"]·SW["juu","ya-juu"]·TR["yukardaki","yukari","yukarida","yukarı","yukarıda","yukarıdaki","yukarıdan","yukarıya"]·urd["اوپر","اوپر-کی","اوپر۔","اُوپر"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἄνω, __BAeolic dialect ὄνω, adverb, (ἀνά): __I with Verbs implying Motion, upwards, ἄ. ὤθεσκε ποτὶ λόφονRefs 8th c.BC+; ἄ. ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἀναπλεῖν up stream, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἄ. ὁδός the upward road, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. ἰόντι going up the country (i.e. inland, seeRefs 5th c.BC+; πέμπειν ἄ., i.e. from the nether world, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II with Verbsimplying Rest, aloft, on high, Refs, etc.; τὸ…