Above and Upward

II. מַ֫עַל140 subst., higher part, only in adv. and prep. phrases; above, upwards (Ph. מעל, v. sub מַ֫טָּה p. 641: abbrev. from מַעֲלֶה; cf. מַ֫עַן in לְמַ֫עַן from עָנָה: Köii 116):— †1. מִמַּ֫עַל = above (v. מִן 1 c): a. as adv. Am 2:9 וָאָשְׁמִיד פִּרְיוֹ מִמַּעַל his fruit above (opp. שָׁרָשָׁיו מִתָּ֑חַת), Jb 18:16; 1 K 7:3, 20, 29; often in the phr. הַשָּׁמַיִם מִמַּעַל Dt 4:39; 5:8 (= Ex 20:4), Jos 2:11; 1 K 8:23; Is 45:8; Je 4:28; cf. שְׁחַקִים מ׳ ψ 78:23; Pr 8:28, אֱלוֹהַּ מ׳ Jb 3:4; 31:2, אֵל מ׳ 31:28. b. מִמַּעַל לְ, as prep. (מן 1 c), on the top of, above, Gn 22:9 ממעל לָעֵצִים above the wood, Ex 28:27 = 39:20, Lv 11:21 כְּרָעַיִם מִמַּעַל לְרַגְלָיו, Is 6:2 שְׂרָפִים עֹמדים מִמַּעַל לוֹ, 14:13; Je 43:10; Ez 1:26; Dn 12:6, 7; = on higher ground than, Je 35:4; fig. Je 52:32 (‖ 2 K 25:28 מֵעַל). 2. With ה—ָloc. מַ֫עְלָה, מָ֑עְלָה, upwards (opp. מַ֫טָּה p. 641): †a. fig. Dt 28:43 יַעֲלֶה עָלֶיךָ מַ֫עְלָה מָ֑עְלָה upwards, upwards, i.e. higher and higher (opp. מַ֫טָּה מָֽטָּה). †b. וָמַ֫עְלָה (a) of direction in space, Ju 1:36 מֵהַסֶּלַע וָמַ֫עְלָה from the rock and upwards (cf. Bu), 1 K 7:31 (corrupt: v. Sta VB Benz), 1 S 9:2 = 10:23 מִשִּׁכְמוֹ וָמַ֫עְלָה from his shoulder and upwards: so וּלְמ׳, †Ez 1:27 מִמַּרְאֵה מָתְנָיו וּלְמָ֑עְלָה, 8:2; 43:15. (b) of direction in time, or age:—(α) מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמָ֑עְלָה Ex 30:14; Nu 1:3 + 19 times P, מִבֶּן חֹדֶשׁ וָמ׳ Nu 3:15, 22 + 6 times P, simil. 4:3; 8:24 + 7 times P; elsewhere only 1 Ch 23:3, 24; Ezr 3:8, and with וּלְמַעְלָה †1 Ch 23:17; 2 Ch 31:16, 17; לְמִבֶּן … וָמ׳ †2 Ch 25:5; and 2 K 3:21 מִכֹּל חֹגֵר חֲגֹרָה וָמ׳. †(β) מהיום ההוא וָמ׳ from that day and onwards, 1 S 16:13; 30:25. †(γ) מן היום הזה וָמ׳ from this day and upwards (i.e. and back), Hg 2:15, 18.* †c. לְמַ֫עְלָה upwards, more common than מ׳ alone (a): (α) Ex 25:20 (= 37:9) פֹּֽרְשֵׂי כְנָפַיִם למ׳, Ju 7:13 ויהפכהו למ׳ overthrew it upwards, i.e. turned it downside up, Is 7:11 אוֹ הַגְבֵּהַּ למ׳ or make it (the request) high upwards, 8:21 וּפָנָה למ׳, 37:31 (2 K 19:30) זעשׂה פרי למ׳ (cf. Am 2:9, 1 a), Ez 41:7 a β (v a α bis למ׳ למ׳ = higher and higher), ψ 74:5; fig. וְהָיִיתָ רַק למ׳ Dt 28:13 (cf. a), Pr 15:24 אֹרַח חַיִּים למ׳ (opp. שְׁאוֹל מָֽטָּה׃), cf. Ec 3:21; sq. a noun, Ezr 9:6 למ׳ רּאשׁ over the head, sq. מֵעַל (cf. Aboth 2:1 לְמַעְלָה מִן) = on high above, 2 Ch 34:4: v. ba, ba. (b) metaph. = exceedingly, only in Chr, 1 Ch 14:2; 22:5 the house must be built to J. לְהַגְדְּיל למ׳ so as to shew greatness exceedingly, 23:17 וּבְנֵי ר׳ רָבוּ למ׳, 29:3 (sq. מִן; = over and above …), v 25 2 Ch 1:1 וַיְגַדְּלֵהוּ למ׳, 20:19; עַד לְמַ֫עְלָה, 16:12; 17:12; 26:8. †d. מִלְמַ֫עְלָה (v. מִן 9 a), adv., above (the more usual prose syn. of מִמַּעַל): Gn 6:16 אֶל־אַמָּה תְּכַלֶּנָּה מ׳, 7:20 15 cubits מ׳ (i.e. above the mountain-tops), Ex 25:21 (40:20) וְנָתַתָּ֫ה אֶת־הַכַּפֹּרֶת על הארון מ׳ upon the ark above, 26:14 (36:19; 40:19; Nu 4:25) a covering of skins on the tent מ׳ above, 39:31; Nu 4:6; 1 K 7:11; 7:25; 8:7 (2 Ch 4:4; 5:8), Je 31:37 אִם יִמַּדּוּ שָׁמַיִם מ׳ (cf. 1 a), Ez 1:11 פְּרֻדוֹת מ׳ separate above, v 22, 26; 10:19; 11:22; 37:3; from above, Jos 3:13, 16 הַמַּיִם הַיֹּרְדִים מ׳.

ἄνωθεν and ἄνωθε Refs 5th c.BC+, Doric dialect ἄνωθα Refs: (ἄνω):—adverb of Place, from above, from on high, θεοὺς ἄ. γῆς ἐποπτεύειν ἄχηRefs 5th c.BC+; from the interior of a country, Refs 5th c.BC+; especially from inner Asia, Refs 1st c.AD+; from the north, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 like{ἄνω}, above, on high, opposed to κάτωθεν or κάτω, Refs 4th c.BC+: of the gods, Refs 5th c.BC+; of men on earth, οἱ ἄ. the living, Refs 5th c.BC+; those on deck (in a ship), Refs 5th c.BC+; of birds of the air, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἄ. Φρυγία upper Phrygia, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2.b rarely with genitive, ἄ. τοῦ στρατοπέδουRefs 5th c.BC+ __II in narrative or in quiry, from the beginning, from farther back, ἄ. ἄρχεσθαι, ἐπιχειρεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+; in quotations, above, earlier, Refs 5th c.BC+, etc.: οἱ ἔμπροσθεν καὶ ἄ. γονεῖς ancestors, Refs 5th c.BC+; Κορίνθιαι εἰμὲς ἄ. by descent, Refs 3rd c.BC+; πονηρὸς ἄ. a born rogue, Refs 4th c.BC+from early life, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II.2 τὰ ἄ. higher, more universal principles, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.3 over again, anew, afresh, φιλίαν ἄ. ποιεῖταιNT+1st c.AD+

ἄνω, __BAeolic dialect ὄνω, adverb, (ἀνά): __I with Verbs implying Motion, upwards, ἄ. ὤθεσκε ποτὶ λόφονRefs 8th c.BC+; ἄ. ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἀναπλεῖν up stream, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἄ. ὁδός the upward road, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. ἰόντι going up the country (i.e. inland, seeRefs 5th c.BC+; πέμπειν ἄ., i.e. from the nether world, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II with Verbsimplying Rest, aloft, on high, Refs, etc.; τὸ ἄ.Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.b on earth, opposed to the world below, νέρθε κἀπὶ γῆς ἄ.Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ ἄ. the living, opposed to οἱ κάτω the dead, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἄ. πράγματα the world above, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.c in heaven, opposed to earth, οἱ ἄ. θεοί the gods above, Refs 5th c.BC+: especially in NT, ἐκ τῶν ἄ. εἰμίNT __II.d generally, of relative position, ὁ δῆμος ἄ. καθῆτο in the upper quarter of the city, i.e. the Pnyx, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ ἄ. βουλή, i.e. the Areopagus, Refs 1st c.AD+; βαλλόμενοι ὑπὸ τῶν ἄ. by those above on the roofs, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἄ. τῆς οἰκίας, opposed to θεμέλια, Refs __II.e geographically, on the upper side, i.e. on the north, ἄ. πρὸς βορέηνRefs 5th c.BC+; οὔτε τὰ ἄ. χωρία οὔτε τὰ κάτω [οὔτε τὰ πρὸς τὴν ἠῶ οὔτε τὰ πρὸς τὴν ἑσπέρην] Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.f inward from the coast, ἡ ἄ. ἈσίηRefs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἄ. ὁδός the upper or inland road, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἄ. πόλις, opposed to the Piraeus, Refs 5th c.BC+; in full, οἱ ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἄ.Refs 1st c.AD+; ὁ ἄ. βασιλεύς the king of the upper country, i.e. of Persia, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.g in the race-course, τὰ ἄ. turning-post, Refs 5th c.BC+; compare κάτω. __II.h in the body, τὰ ἄ. the upper parts, opposed to τὸ κάτω, Refs 4th c.BC+ __i of Time, formerly, of old, εἰς τὸ ἄ. reckoning upwards or backwards, of generations, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ ἄ. men of olden time, Refs; αἱ ἄ. μητρός the mother's lineal ancestors, Refs 4th c.BC+ __k above, in referring to a passage, Refs 5th c.BC+ __1 of tones in the voice, οἱ ἄ. τόνοιRefs 1st c.AD+ __1.m metaphorically, ἄ. βαίνειν walk proudly, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __1.n higher, more general, of κατηγορίαι, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 ἄ. καὶ κάτω up and down, to and fro, εἷρπ᾽ ἄ. τε καὶ κάτωRefs 5th c.BC+ __2.b upside-down, topsy-turvy, τὰ μὲν ἄ. κ. θήσω, τὰ δὲ κ. ἄ.Refs 5th c.BC+backwards and forwards, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 ἄ. ἔχειν τὸ πνεῦμα pant or gasp, Refs 4th c.BC+ __B as preposition with genitive, above, ἡ ἄ. Ἅλυος ἈσίηRefs 5th c.BC+; ἄ. τοῦ γόνατος above the knee, LXX+4th c.BC+ __B.2 with partitive genitive, αἰθέρος ἄ. ἑλεῖν uncertain in Refs 5th c.BC+ __C comparative ἀνωτέρω, absolutely, higher, ἀ. θακῶν.. ΖεύςRefs 4th c.BC+; ἀ. οὐδὲν τῶν πρηγμάτων προκοπτομένων not getting on any farther, Refs 5th c.BC+ __C.2 with genitive, ἀ. ΣάμουRefs 5th c.BC+; ἀ. τῶν μαστῶν above them, Refs; later ἀνώτερονRefs 2nd c.BC+; compare ἀνώτερος. __C.II superlative ἀνωτάτω, ἐς τοὺς ἀ. (i.e. στάντας) Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἀ. ἄσκησις the highest, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ ἀ. διαίρεσις Ps.-Refs 2nd c.AD+

ἀνώτερος, α, ον, comparative adjective from ἄνω (B), upper, higher, Refs 4th c.BC+; ἐπιβουλῆς ἀ. γέγονεν got the better of,Refs 4th c.BC+; neuter as adverb, Refs 4th c.BC+; above, LXX; earlier in a book, NT+2nd c.BC+; to a higher place, NT. adverb ἀνωτέρω, see at {ἄνω}.

† עֵ֫לָּא adv. above (from n. עֵל, with -א of direction, D§ 44, 1 n.; Nab., Egyptian Aramaic, id., Lzb 341 S-CA 5 +; 𝔗 עֵיל, עֵילָא; Syriac ܥܶܠ in ܠܥܶܠ above);—Dn 6:3 עֵ֫לָּא מִנְּהוֹן above (over) them (cf. Cooke 96:2, Dt 28:43 𝔗).