Power and Ability

חָזַק291 vb. be or grow firm, strong, strengthen (NH id.; Aramaic ܚܙܰܩ, חֲזַק bind on or about, gird on, cf. Arabic حَزَقَ bind, squeeze)— †Qal Pf. ח׳ Gn 41:57 + 4 times; חָזָק֑ 2 Ch 26:15; sf. חֲזָקוֹ 2 Ch 28:20, etc.; Impf. יֶחֱזַק 2 Ch 28:7 (Baer) + 2 times; וַיֶּחֱזַק Gn 41:56 +; יֶחֶזְקוּ 2 S 10:11 + 2 times; יֶחְזְקוּ Is 28:22; Imv. חֲזַק Dt 12:23 +; חִזְקוּ Dt 31:6 +; Inf. cstr. לְחָזְקָה 2 K 12:13; sf. לְחָזְקָהּ Ez 30:21; Pt. חָזֵק Ex 19:19 2 S 3:1, etc.;— I. intrans. be or grow strong:— 1. a. of physical strength of hands Ju 7:11 2 S 2:7; 16:21 Ez 22:14 Zc 8:9, 13 (on Ez 3:14 v. infr.); of arm, sq. inf. Ez 30:21; used of recovery from illness Is 39:1; sq. מִן compar. over-power 1 S 17:50 (c. בְּ instr.), 2 S 13:14. b. of people, army Dt 11:8 Jos 17:13 (JE), = Ju 1:28, Ezr 9:12; sq. מִן compar. be stronger than, too strong for, prevail against 2 S 10:11(×2) = 1 Ch 19:12(×2) 1 K 20:23, 25; id., sq. acc. 1 K 16:22, cf. of י׳ as prevailing over man Je 20:7 (‖ יָכֹל); sq. על 2 Ch 8:3; 27:5. c. of royal power וְדָוִד הֹלֵךְ וְחָזֵק 2 S 3:1 (opp. הֹלְכִים וְדַלִּים); cf. 2 Ch 26:15 (‖ חֶזְקָה v 16), Dn 11:5a. d. prevail over, upon, of word of king 2 S 24:4 (sq. אֶל־) = 1 Ch 21:4 (sq. עַל). e. of bonds Is 28:22. f. of sound of trumpet הוֹלֵךְ וְחָזֵק מְאֹד Ex 19:19 (E, cf. חָזָק v 16) it grew much louder and louder. 2. be firm, fast:— a. lit. be caught fast, of Absalom’s head 2 S 18:9 (sq. בְּ). b. be firm, secure, of a kingdom 2 K 14:5 (+ בְּיָדוֹ) = 2 Ch 25:3 (+ עָלָיו). Oftener c. be firm = courageous, confident, especially Imv., usually ‖ אמץ (q.v.), Dt 31:6, 7, 23 Jos 1:6, 7, 9, 18; 10:25; 23:6 (all D), 2 S 10:12; 13:28 1 K 2:2 1 Ch 19:13 (‖ התחזק), 22:13; 28:10, 20 2 Ch 15:7; 19:11; 32:7 Ezr 10:4 ψ 27:14; 31:25 Is 35:4; 41:6 Hg 2:4(×3) Dn 10:19(×2); sq. לַמִּלְחָמָה 2 Ch 25:8. d. hold firmly to, devote oneself to, sq. בְּ 2 Ch 31:4. e. sq. Inf. be firm not to eat blood, i.e. firmly refrain from it Dt 12:23, cf. 1 Ch 28:7. 3. press, be urgent, sq. עַל + Inf. Ex 12:33 (E); sq. עַל of hand of י׳ in prophetic ecstasy Ez 3:14 (𝔊 Co read חֲזָקָה, adj., v. חָזָק). 4. in bad sense: a. grow stout, rigid, hard, with idea of perversity, of Pharaoh’s heart Ex 7:13, 22; 8:15 (all P), 9:35 (R); cf. חזקו עָלַי דבריכם Mal 3:13. b. be severe, grievous, of battle 2 K 3:26; of famine Gn 41:56, 57 (E), 47:20 (J; sq. על), 2 K 25:3 = Je 52:6. II. transit. only לֹא חֲזָקוֹ 2 Ch 28:20 strengthened him not, but text very dub. (‖ וַיָּצַר לוֹ). †Pi. Pf. חִזַּק ψ 147:13 +, etc.; Impf. וַיְחַזֵּק Ex 9:12 + 10 times, etc.; Imv. חַזֵּק Ne 6:9 + 2 times; fs. חַזְּקִי Na 3:14; חַזֵּ֑קִי Is 54:2 etc.; Inf. cstr. חַזֵּק 2 K 12:9 + 12 times; Pt. מְחַזֵּק Ex 14:17; מְחַזְּקִים 2 K 12:9;— 1. make strong (physically): a. sq. acc. pers. Ju 16:28; sq. על 3:12; sq. מָתְנַיִם Na 2:2 (‖ אַמֵּץ כֹּחַ; of personif. people). b. = restore to strength Dn 10:18, 19; to health Ez 34:4, 16; c. לְ give strength to 1 Ch 29:12; so, sq. זְרוֹעֹתָם, Ho 7:15 Ez 30:24 (and v 25 Co, v. Hiph.) c. sq. acc. rei Is 41:7 Je 10:4 (both c. בְּ instr.; of manufacture of idols); of strengthening tent-pegs, in metaph. Is 54:4, cf. 33:23; sq. bars of gates ψ 147:13; often of making strong, fortifying a town, etc. Na 3:14 2 Ch 11:11, 12; 26:9; 32:5; = repair (wall, obj. not expr.) Ne 3:19 v. Hiph.; c. acc. of temple 2 K 12:6, 7, 15; 22:6 2 Ch 24:5, 12; 29:3; 34:8, cf. v 10 (‖ לִבְדּוֹק); sq. לְבית י׳ 1 Ch 26:27; obj. breaches (acc.) 2 K 12:8, 9, 13; 22:5. d. of establishing kingdom 2 Ch 11:17. 2. strengthen the hands (acc.) of any one, i.e. sustain, encourage (opp. רִפָּה) Ju 9:24 Je 23:14 Ez 13:22 Is 35:3 Jb 4:3 Ezr 6:22 Ne 2:18; 6:9 2 Ch 29:34; וַיְח׳ ידו בֵּאלהים 1 S 23:16; sq. בְּ Ezr 1:6 (+ בְּ instr.) 3. make strong = bold, encourage, c. acc. Dt 1:38; 3:28 2 S 15:5 Is 41:7; c. acc. pers. + לַעֲבֹדַת בֵּית י׳ 2 Ch 35:2. 4. make firm:— a. c. 2 acc. וְאַבְנֵֽטְךָ אֲחַזְּקֶנּוּ Is 22:21 and with thy sash (of office) will I make him firm, i.e. bind it firmly about him (‖ הלבישׁ). b. make firm or fixed, = definitely adopt דָּבָר רָע יח׳־לָמוֹ ψ 64:6. 5. make rigid, hard, i.e. perverse, obstinate, harden (the heart of any one) Ex 4:21; 10:20, 27 (all E), 9:12; 11:10; 14:4, 8, 17 (all P), Jos 11:20 (D); v. also ח׳ פניהם מִסֶּלַע Je 5:3†. Hiph.118 Pf. הֶחֱזִיק Ju 7:8 +; 3 fs. הֶחֱזִ֫יקָה Je 49:24 +; sf. הֶחֱזִקָ֑תְנִי Je 8:21; הֶחֱזַ֫קְתִּי Ne 5:16 + 3 times; וְהַחֲזַקְתִּ֫י Ez 30:25, etc.; Impf. יַחֲזִיק Jb 8:15 + 2 times; 1 s. וְאַחְזֵק Is 42:6; יַחֲזִיקוּ Je 6:23 + 2 times; יַחֲזִקוּ Dn 11:32, etc.; Imv. הַחֲזֵק 2 S 11:25 + 2 times, etc.; Inf. cstr. הַחֲזִיק 2 K 15:19 Is 64:6; sf. הֶחֱזִיקִי Je 31:32 (הַח׳ Cod. Petrop. v. RS JPh. xvi, 1888, 73); Pt. מַחֲזִיק Ex 9:2 + 9 times; sf. מַחֲזִקָהּ Dn 11:6; fs. מַחֲזֶקֶת Ne 4:11; pl. מַחֲזִיקִים Ne 4:10 + 5 times; cstr. מַחֲזִיקֵי Ez 27:9, 27;— †1. a. make strong, strengthen Je 51:12. b. make firm, the kingdom 2 K 15:19 (+ בְּיָדוֹ). c. display strength (late) 2 Ch 26:8 (‖ וַיֵּלֶךְ שְׁמוֹ עַד וגו׳), Dn 11:32 (‖ וְעָשׂוּ). †2. make severe, of battle 2 S 11:25. †3. sq. יד = support Ez 16:49; sq. זְרוֹעוֹת 30:25 (subj. י׳; but Co reads Pi. as v 24)†. 4. = repair, walls of Jerus., Ne 3:4(×3) + 31 times Ne 3; cf. (in gen.) pt. used substant. מחזיקי בדקך Ez 27:9, 27 of Tyre and her ships (‖ מַלָּחִים, etc.) †5. prevail, abs. Dn 11:7; sq. עַל Jb 18:9; prevail upon to הח׳ בּוֹ לֶאֱכֹל 2 K 4:8. 6. especially take or keep hold of, seize, grasp: a. take hold of, seize, catch, sq. בְּ Gn 19:4(J), 21:18(E), Ex 4:4 (J; ‖ אחז), Ju 7:20 1 S 15:27 2 S 1:11 1 K 1:50; 2:28 2 K 2:12; 4:27 Is 4:1 Zc 8:23(×2) Pr 7:13; 26:17, cf. also Ju 19:25, 29 2 Ch 28:15; with violence Dt 22:25; 25:11 1 S 17:35 (perhaps pf. consec. freq., v. Dr), 2 S 2:16; 13:11; sq. לְ 2 S 15:5; fig. take hold in order to lead one (subj. י׳) sq. בְּ Je 31:32, c. acc. Is 41:9, 13; cf. Is 51:18 (בְּ; ‖נֵהֵל); sq. acc. Na 3:14 take hold of the brick-mould, Je 6:23 = 50:42, Zc 14:13 (with violence), ψ 35:2 Ne 4:10, 11, seize the kingdom Dn 11:21; in metaph. Mi 4:9 (הֶחֱזִיקֵךְ חִיל), Je 6:24; 8:21; 49:24 (v. Gie), 50:43; of pious laying hold of י׳, sq. בְּ Is 64:6, cf. 27:5; 56:2, 4, 6; of other gods 1 K 9:9 = 2 Ch 7:22; laying hold of wisdom Pr 3:18, cf. 4:13 Jb 2:3, 9; 27:6 Je 8:5. b. have or keep hold of, sq. בְּ Ju 16:26 2 S 3:29 Je 50:33 Ne 4:15. c. hold up, sq. בְּ, fig. = sustain, support Lv 25:35; of י׳ holding his servants Is 42:6; 45:1, cf. Jb 8:20; v. also pt. used substantively Dn 11:1 (‖ מָעוֹז), v 6 (‖ מֵבִיא, יֹלֵד); of Ne. holding fast to (בְּ) his work Ne 5:16; cf. of wicked, holding to his house Jb 8:15; cleave or cling to (על) one’s brethren Ne 10:30. hence d. keep, retain, sq. בְּ Ex 9:2 (J), Ju 7:8; 19:4; so Ez 7:13 Sm Co (MT Hithp.); sq. anger (acc.) Mi 7:18. e. hence also hold, contain, sq. acc. 2 Ch 4:5. †Hithp. (especially Ch) Pf. הִתְחַזַּק 2 Ch 13:7 + 3 times, etc.; Impf. וַיִּתְחַזֵּק Gn 48:2 + 7 times; וַיִּתְחַזַּק 2 Ch 21:4; 32:5; יִתְחַזָּ֑קוּ Ez 7:13 (but Sm Co read Hiph.), etc.; Imv. הִתְחַזַּק 1 K 20:22; הִתְחַזְּקוּ 1 S 4:9; Inf. cstr. לְהִתְחַזֵּק 2 Ch 13:8; 16:9; Pt. מִתְחַזֵּק 2 S 3:6 Dn 10:21; pl. מִתְחַזְּקִים 1 Ch 11:10;— 1. strengthen oneself 2 S 3:6 1 K 20:22 2 Ch 1:1; 12:13; 13:21; 21:4; 23:1; 25:11; 27:6; sq. עַל against 2 Ch 17:1; gain strength Ezr 7:28 Dn 10:19, cf. הִתְח׳ ביהוה 1 S 30:6; fig. = take courage 2 Ch 15:8. 2. put forth strength, use one’s strength Gn 48:2 (i.e. he exerted himself, he sat up by a great effort), Nu 13:20 Ju 20:22 1 S 4:9 2 S 10:12 1 Ch 19:13 2 Ch 32:5. 3. sq. לִפְנֵי withstand 2 Ch 13:7, 8. 4. sq. עִם hold strongly with 1 Ch 11:10 Dn 10:21, cf. of י׳, להתח׳ עִם לְבָבָם שָׁלֵם אֵלָיו 2 Ch 16:9.—For יִתְחַזָּ֑קוּ Ez 7:13 read Hiph., v. Sm Co Da.

גִּבּוֹר159 adj. strong, mighty (cf. Arabic جَبَّارٌ one who magnifies himself, behaves proudly, a tyrant, who is bold, audacious)—Gn 10:9 + 58 times; גִּבֹּר Gn 10:8 + 2 times; גִּבּוֹרָם 1 S 17:51; pl. גִּבּוֹרִים Je 46:9 + 27 times; גִּבֹּרִים Jos 10:2 + 21 times; cstr. גִּבּוֹרֵי 1 Ch 11:27 + 29 times; גִּבֹּרֵי 1 Ch 9:26 + 4 times; sf. גִּבּוֹרֶיךָ Ho 10:13 + (var. sfs. 11 times);— 1. adj. גִּבּוֹר בַּבְּהֵמָה mightiest among beasts Pr 30:30; אִישׁ גִּבּוֹר 1 S 14:52; גִּבּוֹר בָּאָרֶץ ψ 112:2; גִּבּוֹר צַיִד mighty in hunting Gn 10:9 (J); מלך גבור Dn 11:3; אֵל גִּבּוֹר the Messiah Is 9:5; attribute of God especially as fighting for his people ψ 24:8(×2) Dt 10:17 Ne 9:32 Is 10:21 Je 32:18 (cf. Arabic الجَبَّارُ). 2. n.m. strong, valiant man Jos 10:2 (E) Gn 6:4; 10:8 (J) Ju 5:13, 23 1 S 2:4 + 16 times 1 K 1:8, 10 2 K 24:16 1 Ch 1:10 + 11 times Ezr 7:28 Jb 16:14 ψ 19:6; 33:16; 45:4; 52:3; 78:65; 89:20; 120:4; 127:4 Pr 16:32; 21:22 Ct 3:7(×2); 4:4 Ec 9:11 Is 3:2; 13:3; 21:17; 42:13; 49:24, 25 Je 5:16 + 17 times Ez 32:12 + 5 times Ho 10:13 Jo 2:7; 4:9, 10, 11 Am 2:14, 16 Ob 9 Na 2:4 Zp 1:14; 3:17 Zc 9:13; 10:5, 7; cf. phrases גִּבּוֹר חיל mighty man of valour Ju 6:12; 11:1 1 S 9:1; 16:18 1 K 11:28 2 K 5:1 (וְהָאִישׁ הָיָה גִּבּוֹר חַיִל מְצֹרָ֑ע so 𝔊 al. 𝔊L ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἦν λεπρός, cf. also Klo’s dub. emend.), 1 Ch 12:28; 28:1 2 Ch 13:3; 17:16, 17; 25:6; 32:21; אישׁ גבור חיל Ru 2:1; גבורי החיל Jos 1:14 (D) 6:2; 10:7 (JE) 2 K 15:20; 24:14; אישׁ גבורי החיל Jos 8:3; גברי חיל 1 Ch 5:24 + 14 times Ne 11:14; גבורי חילים 1 Ch 7:5, 7, 11, 40; גבורי החילים 1 Ch 11:26; גברי כח ψ 103:20; גבורי מלחמה 2 Ch 13:3; גברי הֹשׂערים 1 Ch 9:26; בית הגבורים Ne 3:16; (ה)צָבָא הגבורים 2 S 10:7 1 Ch 19:8; ראשׁי הגברים 1 Ch 11:10; גבורים לשׁתות valiant to drink Is 5:22.

† חָזָק adj. strong, stout, mighty;—ח׳ Ex 10:19 + 18 times; f. חֲזָקָה Ex 3:19 + 31 times + Ez 3:14 (Co for MT vb. 3 fs.); pl. חֲזָקִים Ju 18:25 + 2 times; cstr. חִזְקֵי Ez 2:4 (del. Co v. infr.) 3:7;— 1. strong: a. of men, rarely pred. Nu 13:18 (opp. רָפֶה), v 31 (compar. c. מִן), Jos 14:11; 17:18 (all JE), Ju 18:26 (compar. c. מִן); also of גֹּאֲלָם Je 50:34 Pr 23:11; of hand of י׳ Jos 4:24 (D), so Ez 3:14 𝔊 Co (v. supr. and חָזַק Qal 3); cf. of Tyre הָֽיְתָה חֲזָקָה בַּיָּם Ez 26:17 (del. B Co). b. usually attrib.; of arm of Pharaoh Ez 30:22 (opp. נִשְׁבָּ֑רֶת); especially of hand of י׳ in delivering Isr. from Egypt, Ex 3:19 (gloss? v. Di), 6:1(×2); 13:9 (all J), Dt 6:21; 7:8; 9:26 Dn 9:15; in wonders done by agency of Moses Dt 34:12; also בְּכֹחַ גָּדוֹל וּבְיָד חֲזָקָה Ex 32:11 (JE), cf. Ne 1:10, but oftener ביד חזקה וּבִזְרוֹעַ נְטוּיָה Dt 4:34; 5:15; 7:19; 11:2; 26:8 Je 32:21 ψ 136:12; of control of enemies and deliverance from exile Ez 20:33, 34; more gen. Dt 3:24 (‖ גָּדְלְךָ), 1 K 8:42 = 2 Ch 6:32; of י׳’s opposition to Zedekiah Je 21:5; once of Edom, opp. Isr. בעם כבד וביד חזקה Nu 20:20 (JE). c. of sword of י׳ Is 27:1 (‖ הַקָּשָׁה וְהַגְּדוֹלָה), of wind Ex 10:19 (J), 1 K 19:11; sound of trumpet (= loud) Ex 19:16 (E). d. severe, sharp, hot, of war 1 S 14:52 (pred.), battle 2 S 11:15, sickness 1 K 17:17 (pred.), famine 18:2. e. firm, hard, of face, פנים Ez 3:8, forehead, מֵצַח v 8; adamant, sim. of forehead v 9 (compar., c. מִן); of sky Jb 37:18 (pred.) In pl. cstr. ח׳ לֵב Ez 2:4 hard of heart (‖ קְשֵׁי פָנִים) but om. B Co, ח׳־מֵצַח 3:7 hard (= impudent) of forehead (‖ קְשֵׁי־לֵב). 2. as subst., a strong one, of י׳ (בְּחָזָק, as, in the character of, a strong one) Is 40:10; of י׳’s agent Is 28:2 (‖ אַמִּץ); v. also וְחָזָק לֹא יְאַמֵּץ כֹּחוֹ Am 2:14; c. מִן comp. = one too strong for Je 31:11 ψ 35:10. In Ez 34:16 MT uses הח׳ in bad sense (‖ הַשְּׁמֵנָה), 𝔊 Co, with diff. text, in good sense. (v. VB).

† קָשַׁר vb. bind, league together, conspire (NH id., bind, join, קֶשֶׁר knot; 𝔗 קְטַר, Syriac ܩܛܰܪ bind (ט for ת after ק) NöZMG xl.735, who cp. also (‘perhaps’) Arabic قَسَرَ force to do a thing, Ethiopic ቈጸረ: bind);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. קָשַׁר Am 7:10; 1 K 16:16; 2 ms. sf. וּקְשַׁרְתָּם consec. Dt 6:8, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּקְשֹׁר 1 K 15:27 +, וַיִּקְשָׁר־ 2 K 15:30, etc.; Imv. ms. sf. קָשְׁרֵם Pr 3:3 +; Pt. act. pl. קשְׁרִים 2 S 15:31 +; pass. fs. קְשׁוּרָה Gn 44:30; Pr 22:15; pl. קְשֻׁרִים Gn 30:42;— 1. bind: a. lit., c. acc. rei + עַל Gn 38:28 (J), Je 51:63, + ב, Jos 2:18, 21 (JE); bind, confine, c. acc. רֵים Jb 39:10 (+ בְּתֶלֶם), acc. of crocod. 40:29. b. fig., c. acc. + עַל Dt 6:8; 11:18; Pr 3:3; 6:21; 7:3 (all of religious and moral precepts); c. ב, נַפְשׁוֹ קְשׁוּרָה בְנַפְשׁוֹ Gn 44:30 his life is bound up with his [viz. the boy’s] life (J; of strong affection); אִוֶּלֶת ק׳ בְלֶב־נָ֑עַר Pr 22:15. c. pt. pass. vigorous (proposes well-knit; opp. עֲטֻפִים) Gn 30:42 (J) 2. league together, conspire: c. על pers. against 1 S 22:8, 13; Am 7:10; 1 K 15:27; 16:9; 2 K 10:9; 15:10, 25; 21:23, 24 = 2 Ch 33:24, 25; 2 Ch 24:21; c. acc. cogn. קֶשֶׁר, 1 K 16:20; 2 K 12:21; 15:15, + עַל pers. 14:19 = 2 Ch 25:27; 2 K 15:30; abs. 1 K 16:16; Ne 4:2 (+ inf. purpose); c. עִם, together with, 2 S 15:31. Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִקְשְׁרָה 1 S 18:1 the life of Jonathan was bound up with the life of D. (Qal 1 b); Impf. 3 fs. וַתִּקָּשֵׁר כ��ּל־הַחוֹמָה Ne 3:38 all the wall was joined together (the circuit complete). Pi. Impf. 1. bind on (as ornament), 2 fs. sf. וּתְקַשְּׁרִים Is 49:18 (fig.; ‖ תִּלְבְּשִׁי). 2. bind fast, 2 ms. (הַ)תְקַשֵּׁר מַעֲדַנּוֹת כִּימָה Jb 38:31 canst thou bind fast the bands of the Pleiades? Pu. Pt. הַצֹּאן הַמְּקֻשָּׁרוֹת Gn 30:41 (J), = Qal 1 c. Hithp. conspire: Pf. 3 pl. הִתְקַשְּׁרוּ עַל־ 2 Ch 24:25 (‖ 2 K 12:21 Qal 2); Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְקַשֵּׁר אֶל־ 2 K 9:14; Pt. pl. הַמִּתְקַשְּׁרִים עָלָיו 2 Ch 24:26.

† [אָמֵץ] vb. be stout, strong, bold, alert (according to LagBN 28 f. from earlier אָמֹץ cf. אֹמֶץ)— Qal Pf. 3 pl. אָֽמְצוּ 2 S 22:18; + 2 times; Impf. יֶאֱמָ֑ץ Gn 25:23; וַיֶּאֶמְצוּ 2 Ch 13:18; Imv. אֱמַץ Jos 1:7 1 Ch 28:20; אֱמַ֑ץ Jos 1:6; אֱמָ֑ץ Dt 31:7 + 3 times; אִמְצוּ Dt 31:6 + 2 times— 1. be strong, of a people Gn 25:23 (J); of personal enemies 2 S 22:18 = ψ 18:18; ψ 142:7 (all sq. מִן of compar.); also (without מן) prevail 2 Ch 13:18. 2. Imv. be bold (always ‖ חֲזַק, חִזְקוּ) Dt 31:7, 23 Jos 1:6, 7, 18; (‖ id. + אַל־תִּירְאוּ וְאַל־תַּעַרְצוּ) Dt 31:6; ‖ id. + אַל־תַּעֲרֹץ וְאַל תֵּחָת) Jos 1:9; (‖ id. + אַל תִּירְאוּ וְאַל תֵּחָ֑תּוּ) Jos 10:25 1 Ch 22:13; 28:20 2 Ch 32:7. Pi. Pf. אִמֵּץ Dt 2:30 etc.; Impf. יְאַמֵּץ Am 2:14 etc.; וַיְאַמֶּץ־לוֹ Is 44:14 3 fs. sf. 3 ms. תְּאַמְּצֶנּוּ ψ 89:22; 1 s. sf. אֲאַמִּצְכֶם Jb 16:5 etc.; Imv. אַמֵּץ Na 2:2; אַמֵּ֑צוּ Is 35:3; אַמְּצֵ֑הוּ Dt 3:28; Inf. sf. אַמְּצוֹ Pr 8:28; Pt. מְאַמֶּץ־ Pr 24:5;— 1. make firm, strengthen, sq. acc., of giving clouds their place Pr 8:28 (subj. י׳); of repairing temple 2 Ch 24:13; of physical vigour Pr 31:17 חָֽגְרָה בְעוֹז מָתְנֶי֑הָ וַתְּא׳ זְרוֹעֹתֶֽיהָ ׃ (subj. אֵשֶׁת חַיִל); of strength for war א׳ כֹּחַ Na 2:2 (‖ חִזֵּק מָתְנַיִם) Am 2:14 (subj. חָזָק); cf. Pr 24:5; of royal power 2 Ch 11:17 (‖ חִזֵּק); cf. א׳ בִּרְכַּיִם כֹּשְׁלוֹת Is 35:3; א׳ בּ׳ כֹּרְעוֹת Jb 4:4 (both ‖ חִזֵּק יָדַיִם רָפוֹת) fig. of encouragement; so א׳ alone Dt 3:28 (‖ חִזֵּק) Jb 16:5 (‖ חשׂך q.v.); ψ 89:22 (subj. זְרוֹעַ י׳); of support Is 41:10 (subj. י׳; ‖ עזר, תמך;—De Che sub 2). 2. assure, secure for one’s self, always sq. ל + sf.; of carpenter appropr. tree Is 44:14; cf. of י׳ appropriating Isr. under fig. of bough ψ 80:16; under fig. of chosen man v. 18. 3. sq. לֵבָב harden, make obstinate Dt 2:30; (subj. י׳; ‖ הִקְשָׁה רוּחוֹ) Dt 15:7 (of unkind man); 2 Ch 36:13 (of king Zedekiah, ‖ הִקְשָׁה אֶת־עָרְפּוֹ). Hithp. Pf. הִתְאַמֵּץ 1 K 12:18 = 2 Ch 10:18; Impf. וַיִּתְאַמְּצוּ 2 Ch 13:7; Pt. מִתְאַמֶּצֶת Ru 1:18; 1. strengthen oneself, of conspirators 2 Ch 13:7 (sq. עַל). 2. confirm oneself in a purpose, be determined Ru 1:18 (sq. ל + Inf.) 3. make oneself alert, make haste 1 K 12:18 = 2 Ch 10:18 (sq. ל + Inf.) Hiph. Impf. Juss. exhibit strength, be strong וְיַאֲמֵץ, חֲזַק ויא׳ לִבֶּ֑ךָ ψ 27:14, so also 31:25.

δῠνᾰτ-ός, ή, όν, also ός, όν Refs 5th c.BC+:— strong, mighty, in body or mind, ὅ τι ἦν αὐτῶν δυνατώτατον the ablest-bodied men, Refs 5th c.BC+; sound in limb, opposed to ἀδύνατος, Refs 5th c.BC+; of ships, fit for service, Refs 5th c.BC+; of things, δυνατώτερον ἀδικία δικαιοσύνης Refs 5th c.BC+; λόγος a powerful argument, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 with infinitive, able to do, Refs 5th c.BC+; δ. λῦσαι mighty to loose, Refs 5th c.BC+; -ώτατοι καὶ τοῖς σώμασιν καὶ τοῖς χρήμασιν λῃτουργεῖν Decrees cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅσονπερ δ. εἰμι, with infinitive omitted, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 of outward power, powerful, influential, Refs 5th c.BC+; οἱ δ. the chief men of rank and influence, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 able to produce, productive, χώρα -ωτέρα εἰς τὴν καρπῶν ἔκφυσιν Refs __5 potential, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II passive, of things, possible, οὐ δύνατον γένεσθαι Refs 7th c.BC+; ὁδὸς δυνατὴ καὶ τοῖς ὑποζυγίοις πορεύεσθαι practicable, Refs 5th c.BC+; κατὰ τὸ δυνατόν, quantum fieri possit, Refs 5th c.BC+; also ὅσον δυνατόν Refs 5th c.BC+; especially with superlative, ὡς δ. πλεῖστον Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ δ. things which are practicable, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III adverb -τῶς strongly, powerfully, εἰπεῖν δ. Refs 4th c.BC+: superlative -ώτατα most ably, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 δ. ἔχει it is possible, Refs 5th c.BC+

עָצוּם31 31 adj. mighty, numerous;—ע׳ Gn 18:18 +, pl. עֲצוּמִים Is 8:7 +, עֲצֻמִים Mi 4:3 +; sf. עֲצוּמָין ψ 10:10;— 1. mighty, especially of people, strong in numbers (often ‖ רַב, גָּדוֹל) Gn 18:18; Ex 1:9; Nu 14:12; 22:6 JE; Dt 4:38 + 6 times D, Mi 4:3, 7 Zc 8:22; Is 60:22 (opp. צָעִיר), of locusts Jo 1:6; 2:2, 5, cf. v 11; so of חַיִל Dn 11:25; עַם לֹא עָצוּם, i.e. feeble Pr 30:26 (of the שָׁפָן); less often of individ. מְלָכִים ע׳ ψ 135:10; of waters Is 8:7; ע׳ alone Pr 18:18 the mighty, Dn 8:24; ψ 10:10 his mighty ones (i.e. claws, of lion). 2. numerous, countless (all ‖ רַב): Am 5:12 ψ 35:18; as subst. = many Is 53:12; Pr 7:26.

ἰσχῡρός, ά, όν, (ἰσχύς) strong, especially of personal strength, Refs 5th c.BC+; of things, ἰ. βέλος Refs 7th c.BC+; ἰ. χθών hard, Refs 4th c.BC+; of food, indigestible, Refs 5th c.BC+; of taste, strong, Refs 4th c.BC+; of armies, ἰσχυροτέρα φάλαγξ Refs 5th c.BC+; of places, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ ἑαυτοῦ ἰ., opposed to τὰ τοῖς πολεμίοις ἰ., Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ ἰσχυρότατα your strongest points, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰ τῆς πόλεως ἰ. that in which the strength of the state lies, Refs 4th c.BC+; ὁρῶντες οὐδὲν ἰ. ἀπὸ τῶν Λεσβίων no show of strength, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἰ. τι πρὸς τὸ πρᾶγμ᾽ ἔχειν a strong point, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 powerful, ἄλοχος Διός Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative -ότερος, ἐς πειθώ NT+3rd c.AD+ __3 forcible, violent, severe, σιτοδείη, ψύχη, NT+5th c.BC+; αἱ λίαν ἰ. τιμωρίαι violent, excessive, Refs; ὅρκος -ότατος, ἀνάγκαι -όταται, Refs 5th c.BC+; γέλως, ἐπιθυμίαι, etc., Refs 5th c.BC+; νόμος ἰ. severe, Refs 5th c.BC+; γνώμη -οτέρη more positive, Refs 5th c.BC+; τρόπῳ ᾧ ἂν δύνωνται -οτάτῳ Foed. cited in Refs 5th c.BC+; κατὰ τὸ ἰσχυρόν by main force, opposed to δόλῳ, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 of literary style, vigorous, Refs 1st c.BC+; also of syllables, strong, Refs __II adverb -ρῶς strongly, with all force, ἐγκεῖσθαι Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 very much, exceedingly, with adjectives, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἔθνος μέγα ἰRefs 5th c.BC+; κίνησις νωθὴς ἰ. Refs 5th c.BC+: comparative -οτέρωςRefs 5th c.BC+; -ότερον Refs 5th c.BC+ most certainly, Refs

ἰσχ-ύω (ἰσχύς), Refs: imperfect ἴσχυον Refs 5th c.BC+: future ἰσχύσω Refs 5th c.BC+: aorist ἴσχῡσα Refs 5th c.BC+: perfect ἴσχῡκα Refs 4th c.BC+:—passive, aorist κατ-ισχύθην Refs 1st c.BC+: (ἰσχύς):—to be strong in body, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἴσχυόν τ᾽ αὐτὸς ἐμαυτοῦ, i.e. I had all my strength, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἰ. ἐκ νόσου to be recovering, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 to be powerful, prevail, μηδὲν μεῖον ἰ. Διός Refs 4th c.BC+; πλέον, μεῖζον ἰ., Refs 5th c.BC+; later ἰ. πρός τινα prevail against, LXX; ἐπί τιναςLXX; ἰ. τινί to be strong in a thing, σοφία ἀνὴρ ὑπὲρ ἀνδρὸς ἰσχύει Refs 5th c.BC+; ὅθεν ἰσχύομεν, ᾗπερ ἰσχύουσι, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἰ. παρά τινι have power or influence with one, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2.b of things, prevail, ὅρκος οὔτι Ζηνὸς ἰ. πλέον Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ δίκαιον ἐν πᾶσιν ἰ. Refs 4th c.BC+; have force, ἃ ὡρίσω σὺ δίκαια, ταὐτὰ.. καὶ κατὰ σοῦ προσήκει τοῖς ἄλλοις ἰσχύειν Refs 4th c.BC+; νομὴ ἄδικος οὐδὲν ἰ. is of no force, Refs 2nd c.AD+; ἰσχῦόν τι something permanent, probably in Refs 4th c.BC+: c.infinitive, ὁ καιρὸς ἰσχύει.. πράττειν NT+4th c.BC+ __3 to be worth or equivalent to, ἡ μνᾶ ἰσχύει λίτρας δύο καὶ ἥμισυ Refs 1st c.AD+; αἱ ψῆφοι τάλαντον ἰσχύουσιν (probably to be read instead of ἴσχουσιν) Refs 2nd c.BC+ __4 active, condense, νεφέλας LXX __4.b ἄρτον πᾶσαν ἡδονὴν ἰσχύοντα making strong.. ,LXX (in se habentem, Vulg.). __5 -ύοντες ἀστέρες those in dominating positions, Serapion in Refs 5th c.BC+; later, ῠ sometimes in present and imperfect, Refs 3rd c.BC+

† אַדִּיר adj. majestic—א׳ ψ 8:2 +; f. אַדֶּ֫רֶת Ez 17:8? (v. infr.) etc.— 1. majestic (wide, lofty) of waters of sea Ex 15:10 ψ 93:4; a ship Is 33:21; a tree Ez 17:23; a vine Ez 17:8 (גֶּפֶן אַדֶּרֶת, so Fü; or א׳ n. abstr. v. sub אַדֶּרֶת infr.); also fig. of kings ψ 136:18; nations Ez 32:18; gods 1 S 4:8; of י׳ ψ 93:4; 76:5; of name of י׳ ψ 8:2, 10. 2. subst. majestic one, of nobles, chieftains, etc., Ju 5:13, 25 Na 2:6, 3:18 Je 14:3; 25:34 (אַדִּירֵי הַצֹּאן fig. so) 35, 36; 30:21 Zc 11:2 2 Ch 23:20 Ne 3:5; 10:30; of י׳ Is 10:34; 33:21; of servants of י׳ ψ 16:3 (= priests? cf. 1 Ch 24:5 & v. Che).

† גָּבַר vb. be strong, mighty (NH id., Aramaic גְּבַר; Arabic جَبَرَ (conj. I. dial.; usually in derived conj.) compel, force; جَبَرِيَّةٌ overbearing behaviour, جَبْرٌ constraint; Ethiopic ገብረ I, 1, subigere; II, 2, cogere; Syriac ܐܶܬܓܰܒܰܪ play the man, is denom. from ܓܒܰܪ man)— Qal Pf. ג׳ ψ 103:11 + 5 times; גָּבְֽרוּ Gn 7:19 + 6 times; גָּבֵ֑רוּ 2 S 1:23; Impf. יִגְבַּר 1 S 2:9; וַיִּגְבְּרוּ Gn 7:18, 24;— 1. be strong, mighty, abs. גָּבְֽרוּ חַיִל mighty in power Jb 21:7; with מִן stronger than 2 S 1:23 ψ 65:4; with בְּ mighty among 1 Ch 5:2. 2. prevail:— a. abs. e.g. enemies Ex 17:11(×2) (E) 1 S 2:9 La 1:16, waters Gn 7:18, 19, 20, 24 (P), power Je 9:2; b. with עַל prevail over, subj. enemies 2 S 11:23, blessings Gn 49:26 (J), mercy of God ψ 103:11; 117:2. Pi. Pf. גִּבַּרְתִּי Zc 10:6; sf. גִּבַּרְתִּים Zc 10:12; Impf. יְגַבֵּר Ec 10:10 make strong, strengthen. Hiph. Pf. הִגְבִּיר בְּרִית לְ confirm a covenant Dn 9:27; Impf. נַגְבִּיר לִלְשֹׁנֵנוּ we will confirm a covenant with our tongue Ew Ol Che (or, to our tongue will we give strength Hi De) ψ 12:5. Hithp. Impf. יִתְגַּבָּ֑ר Jb 15:25 Is 42:13; יִתְגַּבָּ֑רוּ Jb 36:9:—of י׳, shew himself a mighty one against (עַל) Is 42:13; of wicked, behave proudly toward (אֶל) Jb 15:25; of erring righteous (abs.) 36:9.

† עַז adj. strong, mighty, fierce;—ע׳ abs. Nu 13:28 + 2 times, עָז Ju 14:18, עָ֑ז Am 5:9 + 4 times; ע��ז cstr. Dt 28:50; Dn 8:23; f. עַזָּה Ex 14:21 + 2 times; pl. עַזִּים Ez 7:24 + 3 times; f. עַזּוֹת Pr 18:23; cstr. עַזֵּי Is 56:11;—strong, mighty, wind Ex 14:21 (J); border Nu 21:24 (JE), but read prob. יַעְזֵר (𝔊 Di al.) Yaʾzer was times border; of people Pr 30:25 (fig. of ants), מַיִם עַזִּים Is 43:16 (‖ הַיָּם), Ne 9:11; of love Ct 8:6; = subst. the mighty Am 5:9; Ez 7:24 + Pr 24:5 (of physical force; reading טוֹב מֵעַז or the like 𝔊 𝔖 𝔗 KmpKau Wild Toy); formidable, fierce, of lion Ju 14:18, so (= subst.) v 14, of king Is 19:4 (‖ אֲדֹנִים קָשֶׁה), of people Nu 13:28 (JE), Is 25:3 (‖ עָרִיצִים); of enemy 2 S 22:18 = ψ 18:18, so as subst. ψ 59:4; עַז פָּנִים Dt 28:50 fierce of countenance, Dn 8:23, so perhaps = impudent Ec 8:1 (reading עַז for עֹז q.v.); of anger (אַף) Gn 49:7 (poem in J), wrath (חֵמָה) Pr 21:14; הַכְּלָבִים עַזֵּי־נֶפֶשׁ Is 56:11 dogs fierce of appetite (‖ לֹא יָֽדְעוּ שָׂבְעָה); fpl. as adv. accus. יַעֲנֶה עַזּוֹת Pr 18:23 the rich answereth fiercely.

† [אָפִיק] n.m. 2 S 22:16 channel (as holding, confining waters; poet.)—cstr. אֲפִיק Jb 6:15; pl. אֲפִיקִים Ez 6:3; אֲפִקִים Ez 32:6; cstr. אֲפִ(י)קֵי 2 S 22:16 Jo 1:20; sf. אֲפִיקֶיךָ Ez 35:8; אֲפִיקָיו Is 8:7—channel = stream-bed, ravine, א׳ מַיִם ψ 42:2 Jo 1:20 cf. 4:18 Ct 5:12; also ψ 18:16, but better א׳ יָם as 2 S 22:16; א׳ נְחָלִים Jb 6:15; of river-bed Is 8:7; so also (without defining word) Ez 31:12; 32:6; 34:13 ψ 126:4; ‖ גַּיְא Ez 6:3; 35:8; 36:4, 6; fig. of bones of hippopotamus (as hollow) א׳ נְחֻשָׁה Jb 40:18; of furrows betw. scales of crocodile א׳ מָגִנִּים 41:7.—מְזִיחַ אֲפִיקִים Jb 12:21 is dub.; Thes MV Di al. say girdle of the strong (אָפִיק = firm, forceful, or—Di—capable, powerful); ‖ נְדִיבִים. Jb 12:21 read perhaps אַבִּירִים Du (v. also Bu).

† I. [עָצֹם cf. LagBN 31] , עָצַם vb. be vast, mighty, numerous (NH Nithp. contend strenuously, and in deriv.; Ph. in עצמת mighty deeds, עצמם bones; Arabic عَظُمَ be great in bone, or anything, عَظُمٌ bones; Ethiopic ዐፅም id.; Aramaic עִטְמָא, ܥܰܛܡܳܐ thigh);—Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְעָצַם consec. Dn 8:24; 11:23; 2 ms. עָצַמְתָּ Gn 26:16; 3 pl. עָֽצְמוּ Is 31:1 +, עָצֵ֑מוּ ψ 38:20; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיַּעַצְמוּ Ex 1:7, 20; Inf. cstr. עָצְמַת Is 47:9; sf. עָצְמוֹ Dn 8:8;— 1. be mighty, Gn 26:16 (J; c. מִן comp.), Dn 8:8, 24; 11:23. 2. be numerous, ‖ רַבּוּ etc., Is 31:1, בְּעָצְמַת חֲבָרַיִךְ מְאֹד 47:9; Je 5:6; 30:14, 15; Ex 1:7 (P), v 20 (J), ψ 38:20; 69:5; c. מִן comp. Je 15:8 ψ 40:6, 13; alone 139:17. Hiph. make strong, Impf. 3 ms: sf. וַיַּעֲצִימֵהוּ ψ 105:24 + מִן comp.

† אַבִּיר adj. mighty, valiant—א׳ Jb 34:20 + Is 10:13 Kt (Qr כַּבִּיר; cstr. id. 1 S 21:8; pl. אַבִּירִים Jb 24:22 +;—mighty (alw. = subst. & poet. exc.1 S 21:8). 1. men Jb 24:22(= violent) 34:20 Je 46:15 1 S 21:8 (read א׳ הָרָצִים Gr Dr, cf. 22:17; but LagProbebibel אֹבִיל הָעֲיָרִים v. Id. BN 45; Klo גִּבּוֹר), La 1:15; אַבִּירֵי לֵב stout of heart Is 46:12 (= obstinate) ψ 76:6. 2. angels ψ 78:25 (cf. 103:20). 3. animals; bull, sim. of king of Assyr. Is 10:13 (rd.כְּאַבִּיר & v. Di); elsewh. pl.; metaph. for enemies אַבִּירֵי בָשָׁן ψ 22:13 (‖ פּרים); for princes ψ 68:31; for Edomites Is 34:7; hence even as sacrif. ψ 50:13 (‖ עַתּוּדִים); of horses Ju 5:22 Je 8:16; 47:3; 50:11 but Je 46:15 many MSS. 𝔊 Aq Symm Theod 𝔙 many moderns read אַבִּירֶ֑ךָ thy bull, i.e. Apis

† I. אֵיתָן, אֵתָן adj. perennial, ever-flowing, fig. permanent, as subst. steady flow, permanence;—abs. אֵיתָן Gn 49:24 + 8 times; אֵתָן Jb 33:19; sf. אֵיתָנוֹ Ex 14:27; pl. אֵיתָנִים Jb 12:19; אֵתָנִים 1 K 8:2 Mi 6:2; (in form, an ‘elative,’ Ew§ 162 b = Arabic compar. and superl.;— 1. 3 (opp. אַכְזָב), נַחַל אֵיתָן Am 5:24 an 3 wādy, Dt 21:4 (v. Dr); as subst. in נַהֲרוֹת אֵיתָן ψ 74:15 rivers of steady flow; as subst. also Ex 14:27 (J), the sea returned לְאֵיתָנוֹ to its steady flow, יֶרַח הָאֵיתָנִים 1 K 8:2 month of steady flowings = 7th mo., Oct.–Nov. (post-Bibl Tisri). 2. fig. permanent, enduring גּוֹי אֵיתָן הוּא Je 5;15, i. e. a nation whose numbers never dwindle or fail, imperishable, וְרִיב עֲצָמָיו א׳ Jb 33:19 Kt the strife of his bones is constant, Gn 49:24 his bow abode בְּא׳ as an enduring, firm, one, א׳ מוֹשָֽׁבְךָ Nu 24:21 (‖ שִׂים בַּסֶּלַע), נְוֵה אֵיתָן Je 49:19 = 50:44 an abode of permanency (of Edom, and Babylon, suddenly depopulated by foe, figured as lion); האיתנים מוסדי ארץ Mi 6:2 ye ever-enduring ones, the foundations of the earth (but read prob. with We הַאֲזִינוּ), Jb 12:19 אֵיתָנִים יְסַלֵּף he subverteth them that are firmly seated (i.e. men established in hereditary offices or dignities). Very uncertain is Pr 13:15 דֶּרֶךְ בֹּגְדִים אֵיתָן, perhaps firm, hard, rugged (Ew De Hi Now: according to Str. the text is corrupt).

† אַדֶּ֫רֶת n.f. glory, cloak—א׳ abs. Jos 7:24; אַדָּ֑רֶת Ez 17:8; cstr. Gn 25:25 + 4times; אַדַּרְתּוֹ 1 K 19:13 + 3 times; אַדַּרתָּם Zc 11:3— 1. glory, magnificence, of vine Ez 17:8 (so Thes MV, but אַדִּיר q.v.), of shepherds Zc 11:3 (or sub 2). 2. mantle, cloak (wide garment) of hair שֵׂעָר Gn 25:25 Zc 13:4 (as proph. mantle, so perhaps 11:3 of shepherds = false proph.) cf. of Elijah 1 K 19:13, 19 2 K 2:8, 13, 14; but אַדֶּרֶת שִׁנְעָר טוֹבָה (fine mantle of Shinar = Babylonian mantle—doubtless costly) Jos 7:21, 24 (J) & (late) א׳ alone Jon 3:6.

† [עָזַז] vb.be strong (NH id., Hiph., especially in bad sense, and especially deriv. עַז; Ph. עז strength, also in n.pr. Lzb338; Aramaic ܥܰܙ be mighty, strong, cf. Old Aramaic Nab. Palm. n.pr. עזיזו Lzb338 Cook90; Arabic عَزَّ be mighty, strong, Ethiopic ዐዘዘ id.; Assyrian ezêzu, be furious, ezzu, fierce);— Qal Impf. 3 ms. יָעֹז ψ 9:20; 52:9, יָעוֹז Dn 11:12; 3 fs. תָּעֹז ψ 89:14 Ec 7:19, וַתָּ֫עָז Ju 3:10; 6:2; Imv. ms. עוּזָּה ψ 68:29 (but v. infr.); Inf. cstr. עֲזוֹז Pr 8:28;—be strong, prevail, וַתָּ֫עָז יָדוֹ עַל־ Ju 3:10 and his hand prevailed against, so 6:2; אַל־יָעֹז אֱנוֹשׁ ψ 9:20, Dn 11:12; abs. תָּעֹז יָֽדְךָ ψ 89:14 (of י׳); of appar. strength of wicked 52:9; בַּעֲזוֹז עִינוֹת תְּהוֹם Pr 8:28 when the fountains of the deep grew strong, i. e. firm, fixed; but Oort Bi Toy read בְּעַזְּזוֹ when he made firm, fixed fast (‖ בְּאַמְּצוֹ); עוּזָּה אֱלֹהִים ψ 68:29 Che Bae al. shew thyself strong, O God, who, etc., cf. Köi. 363; עוֹז הָא׳ the might, O God, wh., etc., Hup Du; הַחָכְמָה תָּעֹז לֶחָכָם Ec 7:19 wisdom is strong for the wise.—לָעוֹז Is 30:2 v. עוּז" dir="rtl" >עוּז. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. חֵעֵז אִישׁ רָשָׁע בְּפָנָיו Pr 21:29 a wicked man maketh firm (sheweth boldness) with his face; so 3 fs. הֵעֵ֫וָה פָנֶיהָ 7:13 (Ges§ 67 dd Köi. 372) she maketh bold her face.

† כַּבִּיר adj. great, mighty, much, only poet., and only Jb Is 1:—Is 10:13 Qr (but read as Kt כְּאַבִּיר), 17:22 and 28:2 מים כבירים (usually מַיִם רַבִּים), Jb 8:2 ורוח כביר אמרי פיך a mighty wind, 15:10 כביר מאביך ימים (Ges§131, R 5 a) = aged: of God, 34:17 צַדִּיק כַּבִּיר the just mighty one, 36:5 a, v b כ׳ כֹּחַ לֵב mighty in strength of understanding; 34:24 כבירים mighty men; of quantity = much, Is 16:14 שְׁאָר מְעַט מִזְעָר לוֹא כַבִּיר, Jb 31:25 ובי כביר מצאה ידי had gotten much.

† שַׁלִּיט adj. having mastery, ruling;—abs. שׁ׳ Ezr 7:24 +, emph. א—ָ Dn 2:15; mpl. שְׁלִיטִין Ezr 4:20, -טִן Dn 4:23;— 1. having, exercising, mastery: a. of God, sq. ב, Dn 4:14, 22, 29; 5:21; abs., of heavens 4:23. b. of kings Ezr 4:20 (ב). 2. as n. = ruler Dn 2:10; 5:29, captain Dn 2:15. 3. having authority to do a thing (Inf.), hence impers. = it is authorized, Ezr 7:24 (so often in Syriac; cf. S-CA 11 + אנת שליט למבנה).

† II. אֵיתָן n.pr.m. a wise man 1 K 5:11 (where called הָאֶזְרָחִי) named with הֵימָן, כַּלְכֹּל, דַּרְדַּע; cf. 1 Ch 2:6 (where these 4 with זִמְרִי are בְּנֵי זֶרַח); also 2:8; 6:27; called בֶּן־קִישִׁי 6:29 = בֶּן־קוּשָׁיָ֫הוּ 15:17, where, and v 19, named as Levit. singer with הֵימָן and אָסָף (q.v.; יְדוּתוּן for אֵיתָן in this group 1 Ch 25:1, 6 2 Ch 5:12; 35:15, v. ידותון); לְאֵיתָן הָאֶזְרָחִי ψ 89:1 (title).

† אַמִּיץ (אַמִּץ) adj. mighty—א׳ abs. 2 S 15:12 + 2 times; cstr. Jb 9:4 + 2 times—mighty, of Absalom’s conspiracy 2 S 15:12; elsewhere of persons; as subst., instrum. of י׳ (i.e. Assyrians) Is 28:2 (‖ חָזָק); א׳ לִבּוֹ = valiant, conqueror Am 2:16; of י׳, חֲכַם לֵבָב וְא׳ כֹּחַ Jb 9:4; cf. כֹּחַ א׳ v 19 (v. Di & RV), א׳ כֹּחַ Is 40:26 (‖ רֹב אוֹנִים). Is 40:26 read probably אֹמֶץ (𝔊).

† [תַּקִּיף] adj. strong, mighty;—fs. abs. תַּקִּיפָה, of kingdom, Dn 2:40 (like iron), v 42; א—ָ 7:7, of beast; mpl. abs. תַּקִּיפִין, of kings Ezr 4:20, God’s wonders Dn 3:33.

† [תְּקֵף] vb. grow strong (𝔗 Syriac; BH, q.v., (late));— Pe. Pf. 3 ms. תְּקִ֑ף, of tree, Dn 4:8, 17; 2 ms. תְּקֵפְתְּ 4:19, of king; 3 fs. תִּקְפַת 5:20 fig. grow arrogant, of spirit of man. Pa. make strong, stringent: Inf. לְתַקָּפָה Dn 6:8 acc. of interdict.

ἔνδοξ-ος, ον, (δόξα) held in esteem or honour, of high repute, πρός τινος by one, Refs 5th c.BC+; -ότατοι ποιηταί Refs; νέοι πλούσιοι καὶ ἔ. Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 of things, notable, πράγματα Refs 4th c.BC+; generally approved, τὸ καλόν, ={τὸ ἔ}., Refs 4th c.BC+; glorious, ταφαί Refs 1st c.AD+ adverb -ξως, frequently in Inscrr., Refs 3rd c.BC+: comparative -οτέρως, τὰ ἔνδοξα ἐ. λέγειν Refs 2nd c.AD+; also στῆλαι ἔχουσαι ἐπιγραφὰς -ξως conspicuously placed, Refs 1st c.BC+: superlative -ότατα, ἐβουλεύσασθε Refs 4th c.BC+ __II resting on opinion, probable, generally admitted, ἔ. τὰ δοκοῦντα πᾶσιν ἢ τοῖς πλείστοις ἢ τοῖς σοφοῖς, opposed to to what is necessarily true (τὰ πρῶτα καὶ ἀληθῆ), Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ ἔ. διδασκαλία popular teaching, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 adverb -ξως, συλλογίζεσθαι plausibly, opposed to ἀληθῶς, Refs 4th c.BC+ __III conceited, οὐκ ἔνδοξοι πρὸς τὸ μαθεῖν ἃ μὴ ἴσμεν not too proud to learn, Refs 1st c.AD+

† [מָרַץ] vb. be sick, only in der. species (Assyrian ii. marâṣu DlHWB 426; Arabic مَرِضَ; Sab. מרץֿ sick person, sickness, Mordt ZMG 1876, 32; Aramaic vb. ܡܪܰܥ, מְרַע);— Niph. Pf. 3 pl. נִמְרְצוּ Jb 6:25 (but v. infr.); Pt. נִמְרָץ Mi 2:10; f. נִמְרֶ֫צֶת 1 K 2:8;—חֶבֶל נִמְרָץ Mi 2:10 a sore, grievous destruction (lit. made sick, cf. מַכָּה נַחְלָה Je 14:17); קְלָלָה נִמְרֶצֶת 1 K 2:8 a grievous curse.—In Jb 6:25 this meaning unsuit., Bu are stong, effective [cf. Assyrian i. marâṣu, be difficult, inaccessible DlHWB 425 f.; always of something repelling]. More prob. נמרצו = נמלצו be sweet (cf. ψ 119:103) or read נמלצו (q.v.), Che JQ July, 1897 Du Hiph. Impf. sf. מַה־יַּמְרִיצְךָ Jb 16:3 what sickens thee (what disturbs, vexes thee) that thou answerest?

δῠνάστ-ης, ου, ὁ, lord, master, ruler, of Zeus, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἄνδρες δ. the chief men in a state, Refs 5th c.BC+; petty chief, princelet, Refs 5th c.BC+; λαμπροὶ δυνάσται, of the stars, Refs 4th c.BC+

δῠνᾰτ-έω, ={δύναμαι}, δυνατήσει τὸ συμβαῖνον ἴσχειν Refs 1st c.BC+ __2 to be mighty, NT

† [אָדַר] vb. (poet.) wide, great, (thence) high, noble (? Assyrian adâru DlW)— Niph. Pt. majestic, glorious, of י׳, נֶאְדָּר Ex 15:11; cstr. נֶאְדָּרִי v 6 (v. Di); Hiph. impf. יַאְדִּיר make glorious the teaching Is 42:21 (י׳ subj.)

πλήκ-της, ου, ὁ, striker, brawler, NT+5th c.BC+; violent, fierce, ἄνδρες π. καὶ μάχιμοι Refs 1st c.AD+; of wine, π. καὶ ὀξύς Refs; of the sun, Refs

† [אָמֹץ] adj. strong, only pl. אֲמֻצִּים of horses Zc 6:3, 7 (in v 7 perhaps read אֲדֻמִּים, cf. v 2, & Hi; see another view in LagBN 29).

חָזֵק adj.verb. v. חָזַק Qal Pt.

† חָסֹן adj. strong, of the Amorite Am 2:9 (ח׳ כָּאַלּוֹנִים, strong as the oaks); הֶחָסוֹן as subst. the strong one Is 1:31. [חָסַן] Is. 23:18.

† I. [כָּבוֹד] adj. glorious, only fs. כְּבוּדָּ֯ה, of a bed Ez 23:41; a queen in bridal array ψ 45:14; ψ 45:14 belongs to II. כָּבוֹד 2; cstr. as Ges§ 141 d; v. also כֹּל 1 a end. cf. כְּבוּדָּ֯ה" dir="rtl" >כְּבוּדָּ֯ה n.f. infr.

† עִזּוּז adj. mighty, powerful;—of an army Is 43:17; of י׳ ψ 24:8.

βίαιος [ῐ], α, ον, also ος, ον Refs 5th c.BC+: (βία):— forcible, violent: adjective once in Refs 8th c.BC+, adverb twice, by force, perforce, κατέδουσι βιαίως οἶκον Ὀδυσσῆος Refs; frequently in all writers, ἔργα β. Refs 6th c.BC+; of persons, βιαιότατος τῶν πολιτῶν Refs 5th c.BC+; β. θάνατος a violent death, Refs 5th c.BC+; ὁ πόλεμος β. διδάσκαλος teaches by violence, Refs 5th c.BC+; δίκη βιαίων an action for forcible rescue, Refs 1st c.AD+; τοῖς β. or τῶν βιαίων ἔνοχος, Refs 5th c.BC+; βιαίων [ἐγκαλεῖ] Refs 4th c.BC+, obligationes ex delicto, Refs 5th c.BC+. adverb βιαίως, ἀποθανεῖν Refs 5th c.BC+; β. σέλμα σεμνὸν ἡμένων in their irresistible might, Refs 4th c.BC+; χαλεπῶς καὶ β. by struggling and forcing their way, Refs 5th c.BC+; firmly, σχεδίας β. ζεύξαντες Refs 2nd c.BC+: neuter plural as adverb, Refs 4th c.BC+ __2 especially of magic, β. τέχνη Refs 2nd c.AD+ adverb βιαίως, σοφός a wizard, Refs __II passive, forced, constrained, opposed to ἑκούσιος, πράξεις Refs 5th c.BC+; β. κίνησις, ={παρὰ φύσιν κ}., Refs 5th c.BC+; τὸ β., ={οὗ ἔξωθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ μηδὲν συμβαλλομένου τοῦ βιασθέντος} Refs 4th c.BC+; ἡ β. τροφή, of the diet of athletes, Refs; ὁ χρημ.ατιστὴς (i.e. βίος) β. τίς ἐστιν, Refs 4th c.AD+ adverb -ως, ={παρὰ φύσιν, κινεῖσθαι} Refs 4th c.BC+: comparative -οτέρωςRefs 2nd c.AD+ __II.2 ={βιαιοθάνατος}, Refs

βῐασ-τής, οῦ, ὁ, ={βιατάς}, NT

ἐκτεν-ής, ές, strained: hence of persons, warmly attached, friendly, Refs 5th c.BC+; assiduous, περί τινα Refs 2nd c.BC+: comparative - έστερος τῇ προθυμίᾳ Refs 2nd c.BC+: superlative - εστάτη προθυμία Refs 3rd c.BC+ __2 extended, Refs 5th c.AD+; capable of extension, ἐ. ἐστι τὸ μεταδίδον τῶν ἑαυτοῦ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις Refs 5th c.AD+ __3 abundant, γάλα Refs 2nd c.AD+ __II adverb -νῶς (Elean ἐκτενέωρ Refs Ionic dialect -έως Ps.-Refs 5th c.BC+ earnestly, zealously, ἀγαπᾶσθαι Machoap.Refs 4th c.BC+; εὐχὴ ἐ. γινομένη NT: comparative -έστερον Refs 1st c.BC+: superlative -έστατα Refs 1st c.BC+ __II.2 in adverb also, eagerly, freely, splendidly (condemned by Refs 2nd c.BC+; of public duties, λαμπρῶς καὶ ἐ. τετελεκότα Refs: comparative, πολυτελῶς καὶ ἐκτενέστερον τῶν ἄλλων Refs 2nd c.BC+—Not in early writers, corrupt in Refs 4th c.BC+

ἐνδέχομαι, Ionic dialect ἐν-δέκομαι, future -ξομαι, take upon oneself, ταλαιπωρίας Refs 5th c.BC+ __II accept, admit, approve, τὸν λόγον Refs 5th c.BC+; so ἐ. [τὴν τοῦ Ἀλκιβιάδου κάθοδον] Refs 5th c.BC+ __II.2 in Refs 5th c.BC+ frequently give ear to, believe, mostly with a negative, ἀρχὴν.. οὐδὲ ἐ. τὸν λόγον Refs: with infinitive, believe that.., οὐ γὰρ ἔγωγε ἐ. Ἠριδανόν τινα καλέεσθαι ποταμόν Refs __II.3 absolutely, give ear, attend, σὺ δ᾽ ἐνδέχου Refs 5th c.BC+; περί τινος οὐδ᾽ ὁπωσοῦν ἐ. refuse to hear a word about it, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III of things, admit, allow of, τὸ προμηθὲς λογισμὸν οὐκ ἐνδέχεται περί τινος Refs; μεταβολήν, ἀλλοίωσιν ἐ., Refs 5th c.BC+; καθ᾽ ὅσον φύσις ἐνδέχεται, quantum recipit humana condicio, Refsinfinitive, τὸ ναυτικὸν.. οὐκ ἐνδέχεται ἐκ παρέργου μελετᾶσθαι does not admit of being practised, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III.2 absolutely, to be possible, ἃ πολλὰ ἐνδέχεται Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐὰν ἐνδεχόμενον ᾖ if it be possible, Refs 3rd c.BC+; frequently in Refs 4th c.BC+: especially in participle ἐνδεχόμενος, η, ον, possible, ἐκ τῶν ἐνδεχομένων by all possible means, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς τὸ ἐ. so far as possible, Refs 4th c.BC+infinitive, τὰ ἐ. καὶ εἶναι καὶ μὴ εἶναι contingent events, Refs __III.3 ἐνδέχεται impersonal, it admits of being, it is possible that.., with accusative et infinitive, Refs 5th c.BC+; εἴπερ ἐνεδεχετο (i.e. γράφειν) Refs 5th c.BC+; εἰς ὅσον ἐ. Refs; ὅσα ἐ. Refs 4th c.BC+; μέχρι οὗ ἐRefs 4th c.BC+ where possible, Refs __III.3.b with dative person, it is allowed, Refs 5th c.BC+

κρᾰται-ός, ά, όν, poetry form of κρατερός, strong, mighty, μοῖρα κραταιή Refs 8th c.BC+; of men, Refs 8th c.BC+; of a lion, κραταιοῦ θηρὸς ὑφ᾽ ὁρμῆς Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. ἔπος word of power,Refs 5th c.BC+; fierce, κ. καύματος ὥρᾳ poetical cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+ hard stone, Refs 3rd c.BC+; ἐν χειρὶ κ. with a mighty hand, LXX+2nd c.BC+: comparative, Refs 1st c.AD+: superlative, Refs; especially in magical and mystical writings, ἐν φωτὶ κ. καὶ ἀφθάρτῳ Refs the Mighty Ones, lamb.Refs 5th c.AD+, divinities presiding over certain periods of the month, Refs 3rd c.AD+; ἀστέρες, ζῴδιον, Refs; also ὁ κ. [μηνὸς Φαρμοῦθι] Refs 2nd c.AD+: with genitive, ruling over, ὦ τῶν πάντων ζώντων τε καὶ τεθνηκότων κραταιοί Refs; ὁ μέγιστος κ. θεὸς Σοκνοπαῖος Wilcken Refs 1st c.AD+. adverb -ῶς LXX+1st c.AD+

μεγᾰλο-πρεπής, ές, befitting a great man, magnificent, δεῖπνον μ. Refs 5th c.BC+; δόξα NT __2 of persons, Refs 5th c.BC+; of a horse, Refs: superlative, as honorific title, Refs 5th c.AD+ __3 of style, μ. λόγοι Refs 5th c.BC+ __II adverb -πέως, Attic dialect -πῶςRefs 5th c.BC+: comparative -έστερον Refs 5th c.BC+: superlative -έστατα Refs 5th c.BC+

† I. [אוּל] n.[m.] body, belly; sf. אוּלָם (in contempt) ψ 73:4 (lit. their front, prominent part).

† [אשׁשׁ] (cf. أَسَّسَ found, establish) Hithpo. וְהִתְאשָׁ֑שׁוּ Is 46:8 (der. from above by 𝔗 Jer Hi Kn De MV, shew yourselves firm, but) read perhaps הִתְבּשָׁ֑שׁוּ Lag Che, from בּוֹשׁ (Thes expl. as denom. from אִישׁ; on other views cf. Di).

† [חָיֶה] adj. having the vigour of life, lively (on format. v. LagBN 49)—fpl. חָיוֹת Ex 1:19 (E), of Hebrew women in childbirth, bearing quickly, easily.

† חֲסִין adj. strong, mighty (Aramaism);—only מִי־כָמוֹךָ חֲסִין יָהּ ψ 89:9.

† תַּקִּיף adj. mighty (Aramaic תַּקִּיף, ܬܰܩܺܝܦ );—c. מִן comp. Ec 6:10.