Plagues and Wounds

שָׁבַר148 vb. break, break in pieces (NH id.; Sab. תֿבר break, destroy DHMHof.Mus., no. 1(×2). 26 MordtmHI 74; Arabic ثَبَرَ restrain, destroy; Aramaic תְּבַר, ܬܒܰܪ: Assyrian šabâru, break, break in pieces; Ethiopic ሰበረ: break);— Qal53 Pf. 3 ms. שׁ׳ 1 K 13:28; Is 14:5, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשְׁבֹּר Je 19:11, -בּוֹר Is 42:3; 3 fs. תִּשְׁבָּר־ Pr 25:15, etc.; Imv. ms. שְׁבֹר ψ 10:15, sf. שָׁבְרֵם Je 17:18; Inf. cstr. לִשְׁבֹּר Gn 19:9 + 2 times, שְׁבוֹר Je 28:12; Pt. act. שֹׁבֵר Ez 4:16 + 2 times; pass. שָׁבוּר Lv 22:22, pl. cstr. שְׁבוּרֵי ψ 147:3;—break, lit., obj. earthen vessel Ju 7:20 Lv 11:33 (P), Je 19:11 (in sim.), cf. v 11 48:38; Is 30:14, flask Je 19:10, gate-bar Am 1:5 (in metaph.), bow Ho 1:5; Je 49:35, and sword Ho 2:20 (מִן־הָאָרֶץ), bone of lamb Ex 12:46; Nu 9:12 (P), and (in metaph.) Pr 25:15, cf. שָׁבוּר" dir="rtl" >שָׁבוּר i.e. fractured of limb Lv 22:22 (H), yoke Je 28:10, 12, 13, and, in metaph., of deliverance (י׳ subj.) v 2, 4, 11; 38:8 (c. מֵעַל), + 4 times, of rebellion Je 2:20; 5:5, so staff Is 14:5 + 5 times, reed Is 42:3, arm of Pharoah Ez 30:21, 22, 24 cf. ψ 10:15; trees (subj. thunder) ψ 29:5; break in, down, door Gn 19:9 (J); rend violently (of lion), man 1 K 13:26, ass v 28; wreck Tyre (as ship) Ez 27:26; fig. break pride Lv 26:19 (H); crush (fig.) Is 14:25 (cf. Je 48:28 supr.), La 1:15; Dn 11:26; מִשְׁנֶה שִׁבָּרוֹן שׁ׳ Je 17:18; break, rupture, heart (fig.) ψ 69:21 + Ez 6:9 (v. Niph. ad fin.), שְׁבוּרֵי לֵב ψ 147:3; וָאֶשְׁבֹּר עָלָיו חֻקִּי Jb 38:10 broke for it my boundary, of sea, ref. to abrupt ending of mainland; = quench thirst (frangere sitim) ψ 104:11. Niph.57 Pf. 3 ms. נִשְׁבַּר Ex 22:9 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִשָּׁבֵר Lv 6:21 +, 3 fs. וְתִשָּׁ֫בֶר Ec 12:6, 2 ms. תִּשָּׁבֵר Ez 29:7, -בַר֥ 32:28, etc.; Inf. cstr. הִשָּׁבֵר Jon 1:4; Pt. נִשְׁבָּר ψ 51:19, fs. נִשְׁבָּרָה v 19, נִשְׁבֶּ֫רֶת Ez 27:34 +, etc.;—be broken, of neck 1 S 4:18, bones ψ 34:21, gate-bars Je 51:30, rod (in fig.) Is 14:21; Je 48:17, idols Ez 6:4, 6, horn Dn 8:8, cf. v 22, arm Jb 31:22 (מִקָּנָה), and (in metaph.) Je 48:25; Jb 38:15 ψ 37:17, cf. Ez 30:22, bough Ez 31:12; Is 27:11, cf. (fig.) of wickedness, like a tree Jb 24:20, other things ψ 37:15 Je 50:23; Ez 29:17 ψ 124:7; cisterns Je 2:13 (id.), pottery Lv 6:21; 15:12 (P), Ec 12:6 (in fig.); = be maimed, crippled (have limb broken), of animal Ex 22:9, 13 (E), and (fig.) Ez 34:4, 16; Zc 11:16, so (fig. of men stumbling) Is 8:15; 28:13; be wrecked, of ships 1 K 22:49 (read Qr נִשְׁבְּרוּ), ‖ 2 Ch 20:37, Jon 1:4, metaph. of Tyre Ez 27:34; fig. be crushed, destroyed (pers., warriors, kingdoms, etc.), Je 14:17; 22:20; 48:4; 51:8 + 10 times; fig. be broken, of heart †Je 23:9; Is 61:1 ψ 34:19; 51:19, cf. רוּחַ" dir="rtl" >רוּחַ נִשׁ׳ v 19.—Ez 6:9 read prob. וְשָֽׁבְרְתִּ֫י (We Sm Berthol Toy Krae); Co בְּשָׁבְרִי. Pi.36 Pf. 3 ms. שִׁבַּר Is 21:9 +, שִׁבֵּ֑ר Ex 9:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְשַׁבֵּר ψ; 46:10 +, 2 mpl. תְּשַׁבֵּר֑וּן Ex 34:13, etc.; Inf. abs. שַׁבֵּר Ex 23:24; Pt. מְשַׁבֵּר 1 K 19:11;—shatter, break, tablets Ex 32:19 (E), 34:1 (J), Dt 9:17; 10:2; מַצֵּבוֹת Ex 23:24 (E; + Inf. abs.), 34:13 (J) + 7 times; images 2 K 11:18 + 3 times; bronze sea, etc., 2 K 25:13 = Je 52:17; horns Dn 8:7; jaws Jb 29:17 (in fig.); of hail shattering trees Ex 9:25 (J), cf. 1 K 19:11; elsewhere subj. י׳, shattering gate-bars, etc., weapons Is 45:2; 38:13; La 2:9; 3:4 ψ 46:10; 76:4; 107:16, trees 29:5; 105:33, heads of תַּנִּינִים 74:13; wrecking ships 48:8. †Hiph. cause to break out, i.e. bring to the birth, Impf. 1 s. הַאֲנִי אַשְׁבִּיר וְלֹא אוֹלִיד Is 66:9 (י׳ subj.; cf. מַשְׁבֵּר infr.). †Hoph. be broken, shattered (in heart), Pf. 1 s. עַל־שֶׁבֶר בַּת־עַמִּי הָשְׁבַּ֑רְתִּי Je 8:21.

נֶ֫גַע78 n.m. Gn 12:17 stroke, plague, mark, plague-spot;—נ׳ abs. Ex 11:1 +, נָ֑נַע Lv 13:13 +; cstr. Dt 24:8 +; sf. נִגְעִי ψ 38:12; נִגְעֶ֑ךָ 39:11; נִגְעוֹ Lv 13:44; 2 Ch 6:29; pl. נְגָעִים Gn 12:17 ψ 89:33; cstr. נִגְעֵי 2 S 7:14;— 1. stroke, wound, inflicted by man on man Dt 17:8; 21:5 (‖ רִיב), Pr 6:33. 2. stroke, metaph., especially of a disease, regarded as sent by a divine chastisement, Gn 12:17 (J), Ex 11:1 (E), 2 S 7:14 (נ׳ בְנֵי אָדָם, ‖ שֵׁבֶט אֲנָשִׁים, i.e. customary, ordinary), 1 K 8:37 = 2 Ch 6:28 (both ‖ מַחֲלָה); 1 K 8:38 (נ׳ לְבָבוֹ) = 2 Ch 6:29 (נִגְעוֹ); ψ 91:10 (‖ רָעָה); of Israel 38:12; 39:11 (‖ תִּגְרַת יָֽדְךָ), 89:33 (‖ שֵׁבֶט); v. also Is 53:8 (of suffering servant of י׳, נֶגַע לָ֑מוֹ). 3. mark (60 times Lv 13, 14), indeterm. Lv 13:5, 6 (מִסְפַּחַת), v 17, 29, 30, 32, 43, 44; of leprosy, regarded as the heavy touch or stroke of a disease, נ׳ צָרַ֫עַת Lv 13:2 +; v 51 (צָרַעַת מַמְאֶרֶת הַנּ׳), v 59 14:3, 32, 54, Dt 24:8; also נ׳ הַנֶּתֶק Lv 13:31; נ׳ לָבָן אֲדַמְדָּם v 42; identif. with person having it 13:4, 12, 13, 17, 31; in garment, etc. v 47 + 15 times Lv 13; in house 14:34, 35, 36, 43, 44, 48(×2); i.e. house-wall v 37(×2), 39; in stones of wall v 40; = garment, etc., with plague-spot 13:50.

† I. חָלָה vb. be weak, sick (NH id.; Aramaic חֲלָא suffer (rare); Assyrian ḫalû, sickness, grief, DlPr 181)— Qal Pf. ח׳ 1 K 14:1 + 8 times; 2 fs. חָלִית Is 57:10; 1 s. חָלִיתִי 1 S 30:13 + 2 times; וְחָלִי֫תִי consec. Ju 16:7, 11, 17, חָלוּ֫ Je 5:3 (so read, v. infr.); Impf. וַיָּ֑חַל 2 K 1:2; Inf. sf. חֲלֹתוֹ Is 38:9; חֲלוֹתִי ψ 77:11 cf. sub Pi.; חֲלוֹתָם ψ 35:13; Pt. חֹלֶה Gn 48:1 + 6 times + 1 S 22:8 (v. infr.); חוֹלֶה Ne 2:2 Mal 1:13; f. חוֹלָה Ec 5:12 + 3 times (for Je 4:31 v. I. חוּל), cstr. חוֹלַת Ct 2:5; 5:8;— 1. be or become weak, Samson Ju 16:7, 11, 17; feel weak Is 57:10 (Che) Ez 34:4, 16. 2. become sick, ill Gn 48:1 (E) 1 S 19:14; 30:13 1 K 14:1, 5; 15:23 (of Asa, = חלא 2 Ch 16:2) 17:17 2 K 1:2; 8:7; 13:14 (c. acc. cogn.) 20:12 = Is 39:1, Is 33:24; 38:9 Pr 23:35 ψ 35:13 Ne 2:2, cf. ψ 77:11 חֲלוֹתִי for חַלּוֹתִי Che after Bi; lame and sick—i.e. imperfect for sacrifice—of animals Mal 1:8, 13; sick from effect of wounds 2 K 8:29 = 2 Ch 22:6, cf. Pr 23:35, מַכָּה with חֳלִי Dt 28:59, 61 Je 6:7; 10:19; hyperbol. sick from love חוֹלַת אַהֲבָה אני Ct 2:5; 5:8; be sick unto dying חלה לָמוּת 2 K 20:1 = Is 38:1, ח׳עד־למות (late) 2 Ch 32:24; Je 5:3 read prob. לֹא חָלוּ֫ (for MT חָ֫לוּ, v. I. חול) of the people, unmoved by י׳’s chastisements; thou hast smitten them, but they are not sick (cf. Niph. Am 6:6); of sickness of the mind in MT 1 S 22:8 sq. עַל (but read rather חֹמֵל 𝔊 Gr Klo Dr); pt. as adj. severe, sore רָעָה חוֹלָה Ec 5:12, 15;—on Je 4:31 v. חוּל" dir="rtl" >I. חול. Niph. Pf. 1 s. נֶחֱלֵיתִי Dn 8:27; 3 pl. נֶחְלוּ Am 6:6 Je 12:13; Pt. f. נַחֲלָה Is 17:11 + 4 times; pl. נַחְלוֹת Ez 34:4 (del. Co) v 21;— 1. make oneself sick, fig. for strain oneself Je 12:13 (but Gr נִלְאוּ). 2. be made sick Dn 8:27; לֹא נֶח׳ of indifference, apathy Am 6:6 sq. על (cf. Qal Je 5:3); pt. diseased, as subst. c. art. Ez 34:4 (del. Co) v 21; = severe, sore (pred. of מַכָּה) Na 3:19 Je 10:19; 14:17; 30:12; also (מַכָּה om.) Is 17:11. Pi. Pf. חִלָּה make sick, c. acc. cogn. + בְּ of land Dt 29:21; Inf. cstr. חַלּוֹתִי הִיא ψ 77:11 read prob. חֲלוֹתִי, Inf. Qal, my sickness, so Bi Che (others der. from חלל my wounding, v. De).—For other forms of Pi. v. חלה" dir="rtl" >II. חלה. Pu. Pf. be made weak, 2 ms. חֻלֵּיתָ Is 14:10. Hithp. Impf. וַיִּתְחָ֑ל 2 S 13:6; Imv. הִתְחָ֑ל 2 S 13:5; Inf. הִתְחַלּוֹת 2 S 13:2;—make oneself sick, of Ammon’s morbid passion for his sister 2 S 13:2, sq. בַּעֲבוּר; of his pretended sickness of body 2 S 13:5, 6. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֶחֱלִי Is 53:10; 1 s. הֶהֱלֵתִי Mi 6:13; pl. הֶחֱלוּ Ho 7:5 (on text v. infr.); Pt. מַחֲלָה Pr 13:12;— 1. make (sick, i.e.) sore thy smiting הַכּוֹתֶ֑ךָ Mi 6:13 (cf. Na 3:19, Niph.); obj. (implic.) a person, וי׳ חָפֵץ דַּכְּאוֹ הֶחֱלִי Is 53:10 it pleased י׳ to bruise him, making him sick = to bruise him sorely, v. further Di. 2. make sick, obj. לֵב (of hope deferred) Pr 13:12. 3. shew (signs of) sickness, become sick, only הֶח׳ שׂרים חֲמַת מִיָּ֑יִן Ho 7:5 princes are become sick with fever of wine (Now Che VB; > Vrss Hi-St who read הֵחֵלּוּ they begin the day with wine-fever). Hoph. Pf. be made sick = wounded הָֽחֳלֵיתִי 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, 2 Ch 35:23.

דֶּ֫בֶר49 n.m. pestilence (cf. Arabic دَبْرٌ, إِدْبَارٌ, departure, death)—Ex 9:3 +; דָּ֑בֶר Hb 3:5; sf. דְּבָרֶיךָ Ho 13:14;— 1. plague, pestilence, in general Ex 5:3; 9:15 Nu 14:12 (J) Lv 26:25 (H) Dt 28:21, 2 S 24:13, 15 (+ v 15 a 𝔊 We Dr) = 1 Ch 21:12, 14, 1 K 8:37 = 2 Ch 6:28, 2 Ch 7:13; 20:9 ψ 91:3, 6 Je 14:12 + 16 times Je, Ez 5:12 + 11 times Ez, Ho 13:14 Am 4:10 Hb 3:5. Read וּבַדָּ֑בֶר, or the like, 1 S 4:8, for MT בַּמִּדְבָּר, We Klo Dr. †2. cattle-plague, murrain Ex 9:3 (J) = ψ 78:50.

† מַכָּה n.f. blow, wound, slaughter;—abs. מ׳ 1 S 4:8 +; cstr. מַכַּת Is 10:26 +; sf. מַכָּתִי Je 10:19; 15:18 etc.; pl. מַכִּים 2 K 8:29 = 9:15 = 2 Ch 22:6; מַכּוֹת abs. Zc 13:6 +, cstr., etc. pl. מַכּוֹת abs. 2 K 8:29 +; cstr. Dt 29:21 +; sf. מַכֹּתְךָ Dt 28:59, מַכּוֹתַיִךְ Je 30:17, etc.;— 1. a. blow, stripe, lit. of scourging, chastising Dt 25:3; Pr 20:30 (‖ חַבֻּרוֹת פֶּצַע); מַכַּת חֶרֶב Est 9:5 (as acc. cogn.). b. beating, scourging, fig. of defeat of Midian Is 10:26 (‖ עוֹרֵר שׁוֹט). c. often wound 1 K 22:35; 2 K 8:29; 9:15 = 2 Ch 22:6 (read מִן־הַמּ׳), Zc 13:6 (בֵּין יָדֶיךָ); symbol. of violence Je 6:7 (+ חֳלִי); פֶּצַע וְחַבּוּרָה וּמַכָּה טְרִיָּה Is 1:6 (of Judah, under fig. of maltreated man), cf. Mi 1:9 (מ׳אֲנוּשָׁה), Na 3:19 (‖ שֶׁבֶר; of Nineveh), especially in Je (of Judah): Je 10:19; 14:17; 30:12 (all + נַחֲלָה severe; ‖ שֶׁבֶר), 15:18 (מ׳ אֲנוּשָׁת), 19:8; 49:17; 50:13, as acc. cogn. 30:14, c. vb. רָפָא heal v 17; also מַחַץ מ׳ Is 30:26 (‖ שֶׁבֶר); of wounds made by י׳’s arrows ψ 64:8. 2. = slaughter 1 S 4:10; 14:30, usually as acc. cogn. c. הִכָּה Jos 10:20; 1 S 6:19; 14:14; 19:8; 23:5; 1 K 20:21; 2 Ch 13:17. 3. = defeat, as acc. cogn. c. הִכָּה Jos 10:10; Ju 11:33; 15:8; 2 Ch 28:5; = conquest (of י׳) Is 14:6. 4. plague, especially disease, as punishment (of י׳), 1 S 4:8; Dt 28:59(×3) (‖ חֳלִי), v 61 (‖ id.), 29:21 (‖ תַּחֲלֻאִים), Lv 26:21 (H), as acc. cogn. Nu 11:33.—מַכּוֹת 2 Ch 2:9 read מַכֹּלֶת (v. אבל) as ‖ 1 K 5:25, so 𝔊 𝔙 Be Öt and Th 1 K 5:25.

† I. שֶׁ֫בֶר, שֵׁ֫בֶר n.m. Je 4:5 breaking, fracture, crushing, breach, crash;—abs. שֶׁבֶר Is 51:19 +, שָׁ֑בֶר La 3:47; Pr 17;19, cstr. שֶׁבֶר Is 1:28 +, שֵׁבֶר Am 6:6 +; sf. שִׁבְרִי Je 10:19, etc.; pl. שְׁבָרִים Jos 7:5 Jb 41:17 (dub., v. infr.), sf. שְׁכָרֶיהָ ψ 60:4;— 1. breaking of pottery Is 30:14, fracture of member, limb Lv 21:19; 24:20 (H), especially fig. of people personif. שׁ׳ יוֹסֵף Am 6:6, cf. Is 30:26 (‖ מַחַץ מַכָּתוֹ), Je 8:21; 10:19; 14:17; 30:12 (‖ מַכָּה), v 15 (‖ מַכְאֹב), La 2:11; 3:48; 4:10, also (c. רפא, רפה heal) Je 6:14; 8:11 La 2:13 ψ 60:4, cf. Na 3:19; of sinners Is 1:28; shattering, crushing, of wall (in fig.) Is 30:13; שׁ׳ גָּדוֹל (‖ רָעָה) Je 4:6; 6:1, שׁ׳ עַל־שׁ׳ 4:20; שֹׁד וָשׁ׳ Is 59:7; 60:18; Je 48:3, cf. Is 51:19; הַשֵּׁאת וְהַשּׁ׳ La 3:47; זַעֲקַת שׁ׳ Is 15:5, cf. Je 48:5; of individ. Pr 16:18; 17:19; 18:12; fig., שׁ׳ רוּחַ of spirit Is 65:14, cf. Pr 15:4; so (רוּחַ om.) מִשְּׁבָרִים Jb 41:17 from terror, Di De, cf. Bi, but dub.; Buhl Bu conj. מִשְׁבְּרֵי יָם, Gie מִשִּׁנָּיו גִּבֹּרִים, Du מִשְׁמָרִים. 2. crashing, Zp 1:10 (‖ קוֹל צְעָקָה, יְלָלָה), Je 50:22 (‖ מִלְחָמָה), 51:54 (‖ קוֹל זְעָקָה). 3. breaking of a dream, i.e. its interpretation (solution of mystery) Ju 7:15 (cf. GFM). 4. הַשְּׁבָרִים Jos 7:5, perhaps (Di Benn Steuern) the quarries, as n.pr.loc., 𝔙 Sabarim (הִשָּֽׁבְרָם).—שִׁבְרִי Ez 32:9, read שִׁבְיְךָ 𝔊 Co Sta Berthol Krae (not Toy).

† מַגֵּפָה n.f. blow, slaughter, plague, pestilence;—מ׳ abs. Nu 14:37 + 23 times; cstr. מַגֵּפַת Zc 14:15; pl. sf. מַגֵּפֹתַי Ex 9:14;— 1. blow, = fatal stroke Ez 24:16; in divine judgment (plague) Ex 9:14 (J). 2. slaughter in battle, 1 S 4:17; 2 S 17:9; 18:7. 3. plague, pestilence (divine judgment), of tumours on Philistines 1 S 6:4; against Isr Nu 14:37; 17:13, 14, 15; 25:8, 9, 18, 19; 31:16 2 S 24:21, 25 (ins. also v 15 𝔊 Th We Klo Dr Kit Bu), 1 Ch 21:22 ψ 106:29, 30; specif. disease of bowels 2 Ch 21:14; מ׳ = infected people 1 Ch 21:17; wasting of flesh, eyes and tongue, of hostile peoples Zc 14:12, 18; attacking beasts v 15(×2).

πληγ-ή, Doric dialect πλᾱγά, ἡ, (πλήσσω) blow, stroke, πεπληγὼν πληγῇσιν Refs 8th c.BC+: frequently joined with Verbs of cognate signification, πέπληγμαι καιρίαν πληγήν Refs 5th c.BC+; τύπτεσθαι τῇ δημοσίᾳ μάστιγι ν πληγάς Legal cited in Refs 5th c.BC+ is frequently omitted, τρίτην ἐπενδίδωμι NT+5th c.BC+; καιρίῃ (i.e. πληγῇ) τετύφθαι Refs 5th c.BC+; π. ἐμβαλεῖν, ἐντείνειν τινί, Refs 5th c.BC+; πληγαῖς ζημιοῦν, κολάζειν, Refs 5th c.BC+; πληγῆς ἄρχειν strike the first blow, Refs 5th c.BC+; τὰς π. στέγειν, of the shell of a tortoise, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 stroke by lightning, Refs 8th c.BC+; πλαγαὶ σιδάρου strokes of axe or sword, Refs 5th c.BC+; στέρνων πλαγαί beating of breasts, Refs 5th c.BC+; π. τῶν ὀδόντων strokes from boars' tusks, Refs 5th c.BC+; spearing of fish, Refs 5th c.BC+; of pig-sticking, οἱ κάπροι οἱ πρὸς τὴν π... ὠθούμενοι Refs: in singular, fight with clubs, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 stroke or impression on the ears or eyes, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 impact of bodies, atoms, etc., Refs 4th c.BC+ __5 beat of the pulse, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __6 metaphorically, blow, stroke of calamity, especially in war, ἐν μιᾷ π. κατέφθαρται.. ὄλβος Refs 4th c.BC+; π. Διός α heaven-sent plague, Refs 5th c.BC+; μὴ 'κ θεοῦ π. τις ἥκειRefs 4th c.BC+; of the ten plagues of Egypt, Refs 1st c.AD+

† מָחַץ vb. smite through, wound severely, shatter (poet.) (Assyrian maḫâṣu, smite, wound, DlHWB 398; Arabic مَخَضَ churn; beat or agitate the milk, etc.; Sab. מחֿץֿ DHMZMG xxx. 1876, 684; xxxvii. 1883, 338; Burgen u. Schlösser (SB. xcvii. 1881), 965 (of stone-cutter’s work), HomChrestom. 127; Ethiopic መሐጸ: );— Qal Pf. 3 ms. מ׳ Jb 26:12 + 3 times וּמָֽחֲצָה Ju 5:26 etc.; Impf. יִמְחַץ Jb 5:18 ψ 68:22; 1 s. sf. אֶמְחָצֵם ψ 18:39; וָא׳ 2 S 22:39;—smite through, sq. רֹאשׁוֹ, of Jael, Ju 5:26 (‖ הָלַם, מָחַק, חָלַף); of Isr., shattering enemies, חִצָּיו יִמ׳ Nu 24:8 (obj. om.; ‖ עַצְמֹתֵיהֶם יְגָרֵם) cf. v 17 (obj. פַּֽאֲתֵי מוֹאָב); cf. ψ 18:39 = 2 S 22:39; of י׳, smiting through or shattering his foes, ψ 110:5, their heads v 6 68:22 Hb 3:13, loins Dt 33:11; cf. Jb 26:12 obj. רַהַב, q.v.; abs., Dt 32:39 (opp. רָפָא; ‖ cl. אָמִית וַאֲחַיֶּה) cf. Jb 5:18 (opp. רָפָא, ‖ cl. יַכְאִיב וְיֶחְבָּ֑שׁ). For תִּמְחַץ (רגלך בְּדָם) ψ 68:24, read תִּרְחַץ (58:11), Ol Br Che Bae We.

† פֶּ֫צַע n.m.Pr 27:6 bruise wound;—abs. פ׳ Ex 21:25; Is 1:6 (fig.), Pr 20:30, פָּ֑צַע Ex 21:25; sf. פִּצְעִי Gn 4:23; pl. פְּצָעִים Pr 23:29; fig. also cstr. פִּצְעֵי 27:6 and sf. פְּצָעַי Jb 9:17.

† חַבּוּרָה [חַבֻּרָה, חֲבֻרָה] n.f. stripe, blow;—abs. חַבּ׳ Is 1:6 + 2 times; sf. חַבֻּרָתִי Gn 4:23; חֲבֻרָתוֹ Is 53:5; pl. cstr. חַבֻּרוֹת Pr 20:30; sf. חַבּוּרֹתָ֑י ψ 38:6:—stripe, blow, stroke, Gn 4:23 my blow, i.e. for striking me (J), cf. Ex 21:25(×2) (JE), also of injury to land of Judah (under fig. of human body) Is 1:6 (all ‖ פֶּצַע, v. infr.); of blows (sg. coll.) inflicted on suffering servant of י׳ Is 53:5; (pl.) ψ 38:6, חַבֻּרוֹת פֶּצַע Pr 20:30, i.e. blows that cut in (‖ מַכּוֹת).

† נֶ֫גֶף n.m. Ex 12:13 blow, striking (as judgment, only P);—נ׳ abs. Ex 12:13 + 6 times;— 1. fatal blow, plague, Ex 12:13 (death of first-born); 30:12; Nu 8:19 (indef.); = pestilence Nu 17:11, 12; Jos 22:17. 2. striking, אֶבֶן נ׳ Is 8:14 i.e. against which the foot strikes and so stumbles (‖ צוּר מִכְשׁוֹל).

† I. רֶ֫שֶׁף n.m. Hb 3:5 flame, fire-bolt;—abs. ר׳ Dt 32:24 +; pl. רְשָׁפִים ψ 78:48, cstr. רִשְׁפֵי 76:4, רִשְׁפֵּי Ct 8:6; sf. רְשָׁפֶיהָ v 6;— 1. flame: ר׳ ר׳ אֵשׁ Ct 8:6 its flames (sc. of אַהֲבָה, קִנְאָה) are flames of fire; בְּנֵי ר׳ Jb 5:7 = sparks; ר׳ = pointed flame of lightning ψ 78:48 (‖ בָּרָד); ר׳ קָ֑שֶׁת 76:4 sharp flames of the bow, fig. for arrows. 2. fire-bolt of י׳, bringing pestilence and death, Dt 32:24 (cf. Dr; ‖ קֶטֶב מְרִירִי), Hb 3:5 (‖ דֶּבֶר).

κέντρον, τό, (κεντέω) any sharp point: __1 horse-goad, [ἵπποι] ἄνευ κέντροιο θέοντες Refs 8th c.BC+, ox-goad Refs 8th c.BC+, used as an instrument of torture, Refs 5th c.BC+; as a symbol of sovereignty, λαβὼν.. χερσὶν κέντρα κηδεύει πόλιν Refs 5th c.BC+ __1.b metaphorically, goad, spur, incentive, Refs 5th c.BC+; ποῦ γὰρ τοσοῦτο κ. ὡς μητροκτονεῖ; Refs 5th c.BC+; κέντρα πτολέμοιο, of the Argives, Oracle texts cited in Refs 3rd c.BC+; κ. ἐμοῦ desire for me, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 metaphorically, in plural, tortures, pangs, NT __3 point of a spear, Refs 2nd c.BC+ with which Oedipus pierced his eyes, Refs 5th c.BC+ __4 peg of a top, Refs 5th c.BC+ __5 of animals, __5.a sting of bees and wasps, Refs 5th c.BC+; of scorpions, Refs 4th c.BC+ (so of the constellation Refs 4th c.BC+: hence, metaphorically, of malicious persons, ἐς τοὺς ἔχοντας κέντρ᾽ ἀφιᾶσιν Refs 5th c.BC+; of Pericles as an orator, τὸ κ. ἐγκατέλειπε τοῖς ἀκροωμένοις Refs 5th c.BC+; of Socrates, ὥσπερ μέλιττα τὸ κ. ἐγκαταλιπών Refs 5th c.BC+; βλέμματος κ. Onomarch. cited in Refs 2nd c.AD+ __5.b spur of a cock, Refs __5.c quill of the porcupine, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __5.d ={πόσθη}, Refs 3rd c.BC+ __6 stationary point of a pair of compasses, Refs 1st c.BC+: generally, centre of a circle, Refs 5th c.BC+; ἡ ἐκ τοῦ κ. (i.e. εὐθεῖα) radius, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. βάρεος centre of gravity, Refs 3rd c.BC+ circumscribe, Refs 1st c.AD+ __7 pin, rivet, Refs 2nd c.AD+; spur, tip, for fixing a machine in the ground, Refs __8 ῥακτηρίοις κέντροισιν, of oars, Refs 5th c.BC+ __9 Astron., cardinal point on the ecliptic, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __10 hard knot in stone, Refs 4th c.BC+; flaw in crystals, Refs 1st c.AD+

ἕλκος, εος, τό, wound, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 festering wound, sore, ulcer, ἕ. ὕδρου the festering bite of a serpent, Refs 8th c.BC+; plague-ulcer, Refs 5th c.BC+, and both 1.1 and 1.2 are treated in Refs 5th c.BC+; ἕ. is applied to amputations in Refs __II metaphorically, wound, loss, Refs 6th c.BC+; ὑποκάρδιον ἕ. Refs 3rd c.BC+, cf. Latin ulcus, Sanskritárśas (n.) 'haemorrhoid': ἕ- by influence of ἕλκω.)

† I. מָזוֹר n.[m.] wound (as needing to have its matter pressed out)—fig. of injury to, or sufferings of, Isr. and Judah: מָזוֹר Ho 5:13 also Je 30:13 (Gf Che RVm; but accents Ew Ges Gie AV RV for pressing, i.e. binding up); מְזֹרוֹ Ho 5:13 (cf. III. זור Is 1:6).—מָזוֹר Ob 7 v. sub מזר.

λοιμός, ὁ, plague, once in Refs 8th c.BC+; of the plague at Athens, Refs 5th c.BC+; coupled with λιμός, Refs 8th c.BC+ __2 of persons, plague, pest, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II as adjective, pestilent, LXX; ἀνὴρ λ. καὶ πονηρόςNT+2nd c.AD+

† מַהֲלֻמֿוֹת n.f.pl. strokes, blows (cf. Ph. מהלם stroke, stamp, impression, once on a coin מהלם אגדר coinage of Gader (Gades), = percussura, κόμμα, Ges Mon. pl. 40, xv. c also p. 307)—Pr 18:6 (cf. Baer) 19:29, both times of blows on the body.

ἑλκόω, wound, lacerate, Refs 5th c.BC+ __2 ulcerate, βλέφαρα Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, of persons, to suffer from wounds or sores, NT; of sores, suppurate, Refs 5th c.BC+ __3 make an incision in a tree, Refs 4th c.BC+ __II metaphorically, ἑ. φρένας, οἴκους, Refs 5th c.BC+:—passive, τὴν διάνοιαν ἑλκοῦσθαι Refs 1st c.AD+

μώλωψ, ωπος, ὁ, mark of a stripe, weal, bruise, LXX+4th c.BC+; of an eruption resembling mosquito bites, Refs 1st c.AD+; blood-clot, Refs 7th c.AD+; πορφύρεοι μώλωπες, satirically of kings, Daphit. cited in Refs 1st c.BC+

τραῦμα, ατος, τό, Ionic dialect τρῶμα Refs 5th c.BC+; Doric dialect also τρῶμα, Refs 3rd c.BC+:— wound, hurt, ἀποθνῄσκειν ἐκ τῶν τ. Refs 5th c.BC+; φέρειν, ποιεῖν, Refs 5th c.BC+ __II of things, hurt, damage, as of ships, Refs 5th c.BC+ __III in war, heavy blow, defeat, Refs 5th c.BC+ __IV ἡ τοῦ τ. γραφή an indictment for wounding (with intent to murder), Refs 5th c.BC+

† מַ֫חַץ n.[m.] severe wound;—only cstr. מַחַץ מַכָּתוֹ יִרְפָּא Is 30:26 of י׳’s restoration of his people (‖ חָבַשׁ שֶׁבֶר עַמּוֹ).

† מִשְׁחַת n.[m.] disfigurement of face Is 52:14.

† תְּרוּפָה n.f. healing;—Ez 47:12.