H8426 H8426
Thanksgiving, praise, or confession offered to God; also a thank offering or a thanksgiving choir in procession.
Derived from the verb yadah ('to give thanks, confess'), todah spans the full arc from inner gratitude to outward ritual. At its heart it means acknowledging God's goodness — whether through praise songs in the temple (Ps 100:4), a sacrificial peace offering presented with gratitude (Lev 7:12), or a formal confession of sin (Josh 7:19). Nehemiah 12 introduces a vivid specialized use: two thanksgiving choirs processing in opposite directions atop Jerusalem's newly rebuilt walls. Spanish acción de gracias and French action de grâce both mirror the compound idea of 'an act of thanks,' while German Danklied ('thanksgiving song') highlights the liturgical dimension.
1. thanksgiving, praise, gratitude — The abstract expression of thanksgiving or praise directed toward God, the dominant sense across the Hebrew Bible. It appears in psalmic worship (Ps 26:7, 'the voice of thanksgiving'), liturgical instruction (Ps 95:2, paired with songs), and prophetic promise (Isa 51:3, thanksgiving paired with the sound of music). French action de grâces and Spanish acción de gracias both capture the formal, declarative quality — this is not quiet gratitude but voiced, public praise. 23×
AR["الحَمْد","الحَمْدِ","الشُّكر","بِ-حَمْدٍ","بِـ-شُكْرٍ","تَشْكُرًا","حَمْدًا","حَمْدٌ","حَمْدٍ","شُكر","شُكْرًا","شُكْرٌ","شُكْرٍ","شُكْرِ","وَ-شُكْرٍ","وَالحَمْدِ"]·ben["ও-ধন্যবাদের","ধন্যবাদ","ধন্যবাদে","ধন্যবাদে।","ধন্যবাদের","ধন্যবাদের-","ধন্যবাদের-সাথে"]·DE["Danklied","[ותודה]","[תודה]","der-thanksgiving-von","mit-Danklied","thanksgiving","und-Danklied"]·EN["and-thanksgiving","thanksgiving","the-thanksgiving-of","with-thanksgiving"]·FR["action-de-grâce","action-de-grâces","dans-action-de-grâces","et-action-de-grâces","le-action-de-grâces-de","louange"]·heb["ב-תודה","ו-תודה","תודה","תודת"]·HI["और-धन्यवाद","और-धन्यवाद-के","धन्यवाद","धन्यवाद-की","धन्यवाद-के","धन्यवाद-के-साथ","धन्यवाद-बलि","में-धन्यवाद"]·ID["dan-ucapan-syukur","dengan-ucapan-syukur","korban-syukur","syukur","ucapan-syukur"]·IT["[תודה]","e-rendimento-di-grazie","e-ringraziamento","il-thanksgiving-di","in-ringraziamento","ringraziamento","thanksgiving"]·jav["kanthi-panuwun","kurban","kurban-pamuji-sokur","lan-panuwun","mawi-panuwun","pamuji-sokur","pamuji-sukur","panuwun","pisungsung-pamuji-sokur","sokur"]·KO["감사","감사-로","감사-를","감사-의","감사-제물을","감사로","감사를","감사와","감사의","감사함-으로","그리고-감사","그리고-감사의","에-감사함으로"]·PT["ação-de-graças","ação-de-graças-de","com-ação-de-graças","de-ação-de-graças","e-ação-de-graças","lou-vor"]·RU["благодарение","благодарения","благодарности","благодарность","в-благодарении","и-благодарения","с-благодарением"]·ES["accion-de-gracias","acción-de-gracias","acción-de-gracias-de","con-acción-de-gracias","y-acción-de-gracias"]·SW["kwa-shukrani","na-shukrani","shukrani","shukurani","wtwodah","ya-shukrani"]·TR["sukran","ve-şükran","ve-şükranın","şükran","şükran-","şükranla","şükranın","şükrünün","şükür","şüküranla","şükürle"]·urd["اور-شکرگزاری","اور-شکرگزاری-کی","بِ-شکر","بِ-شکرگزاری-سے","حمد","شکر","شکر-کی","شکر-گزاری-سے","شکر-گزاری-کی","شکر-گزاری-کے-ساتھ","شکرگزاری","شکرگزاری-کا","شکرگزاری-کی"]
Lev 7:12, Lev 7:12, Lev 7:13, Lev 7:15, Lev 22:29, 2 Chr 33:16, Neh 12:27, Ps 26:7, Ps 42:4, Ps 50:14, Ps 50:23, Ps 69:30 (+11 more)
▼ 3 more senses below
Senses
2. thank offering, sacrifice of thanksgiving — A concrete sacrificial offering given in thanksgiving, part of the shelamim (peace offering) system outlined in Leviticus 7:12–15. The thank offering was accompanied by unleavened cakes and eaten the same day. In 2 Chronicles 29:31, Hezekiah invites the assembly to bring thank offerings after the temple's purification. Amos 4:5 uses it with biting irony — Israel loves to announce their thank offerings publicly while their hearts remain far from God. 4×
AR["شُكرًا","شُكْرًا","وَ-شُكْرًا"]·ben["ও-ধন্যবাদ","ধন্যবাদ-বলি","ধন্যবাদের"]·DE["Danklied","[ותודות]","[תודה]"]·EN["and-thank-offerings","thank-offerings","thanksgiving"]·FR["action-de-grâce","action-de-grâces","et-action-de-grâces"]·heb["ו-תודה","תוֹדה","תודות"]·HI["और-धन्यवादबलियों","धन्यवाद"]·ID["dan-korban-korban-syukur","korban-ucapan-syukur"]·IT["[תודה]","e-rendimento-di-grazie","ringraziamento"]·jav["kurban-panuwun","lan-kurban-panuwun","menapa"]·KO["감사-제-들-을","감사제를","그리고-감사-제물들을"]·PT["ação-de-graças","ações-de-graças","e-ações-de-graças"]·RU["благодарение","благодарения","и-благодарения"]·ES["acciones-de-gracias","ofrenda-de-acción-de-gracias","y-ofrendas-de-acción-de-gracias"]·SW["dhabihu-za-shukrani","na-sadaka-za-shukrani","sadaka-ya-shukrani"]·TR["ve-şükran-sunuları","şükran-sunuları","şükrü"]·urd["اور-شکرانے","شُکرگُزاریاں","شکرگزاری"]
3. thanksgiving choir or procession — A specialized liturgical sense: a thanksgiving choir or processional group. Nehemiah 12:31, 38, and 40 describe two great todah processions walking in opposite directions on the walls of Jerusalem during the dedication ceremony. The word here denotes the organized group of singers and musicians, not the abstract concept. This concrete, communal usage grew naturally from the worship context of the primary sense. 3×
AR["الحَمدِ","حَمدٍ","وَ-الفِرقَةُ-الثّانِيَةُ"]·ben["-ধন্যবাদের-দল","আর-ধন্যবাদের-দল","ধন্যবাদের-দল"]·DE["[התודת]","[והתודה]","[תודת]"]·EN["and-the-thanksgiving-choir","thanksgiving-choirs","the-thanksgiving-choirs"]·FR["action-de-grâces","et-action-de-grâces"]·heb["ה-תודה","ו-ה-תודה","תודה"]·HI["और-धन्यवाद-गाने-वाला-दल","धन्यवाद-गाने-वाले-दल"]·ID["dan-paduan-suara-syukur","paduan-suara-syukur"]·IT["e-rendimento-di-grazie","rendimento-di-grazie"]·jav["Lan-paduan-suara-pamuji","paduan-suara-pamuji"]·KO["감사-행렬들을","그-감사-행렬들이","그리고-그-감사-행렬은"]·PT["E-o-coro-de-ação-de-graças","coros-de-ação-de-graças","os-coros-de-ação-de-graças"]·RU["и-хор-благодарения","хора-благодарения"]·ES["Y-el-coro-de-gracias","coros-de-gracias","los-coros-de-gracias"]·SW["Na-kundi-la-shukrani","makundi-ya-shukrani"]·TR["ve-şükür-korosu","şükür-korosu"]·urd["اور-شکرگزاری-کا-گروہ","شکرگزاری-کے-گروہ"]
4. confession, acknowledgment — Confession or public acknowledgment of wrongdoing, closely tied to the verb yadah in its confessional usage. In Joshua 7:19, Joshua urges Achan to 'give todah to the LORD' by confessing what he has done. Ezra 10:11 similarly calls for todah — acknowledgment of sin regarding foreign marriages. Some English versions render 'confession' here, while French and German translations sometimes retain the broader 'thanksgiving' sense, obscuring this penitential dimension. 2×
AR["اعتِرافاً","اعْتِرَافًا"]·ben["স্বীকার","স্বীকারোক্তি"]·DE["[תודה]","confession"]·EN["confession"]·FR["action-de-grâces","confession"]·heb["תודה"]·HI["अंगीकार","स्तुति"]·ID["pengakuan"]·IT["confession","rendimento-di-grazie"]·jav["pangaken"]·KO["고백을"]·PT["confissão"]·RU["исповедание","исповедь"]·ES["confesión"]·SW["sifa"]·TR["itiraf"]·urd["اقرار","اِقرار"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† תּוֹדָה n.f. thanksgiving, תּ׳ Lv 7:12 + 23 times; cstr. תּוֹדַת Lv 7:13, 15; pl. תּוֹדוֹת ψ 56:13 + 3 times; תּוֹדֹת Ne 12:31, 40;— 1. give praise to י׳ Jos 7:19 (JE; ‖ שִׂים כָּבוֹד לְ׳), Ezr 10:11, in both of praise rendered by acknowledging and abandoning sin; v. Di on Jos, and on Ezr. Öt and especially Ryle; cf. vb. ידה c. לְ; so RVm; > Thes MV SS Be RV al. confession. 2. thanksgiving in…