1. be mad, act insanely — To be driven mad or to behave as a madman, encompassing both genuine madness and feigned insanity. In the Pual participle (meshugga'), it describes a state of being maddened: the madness curse of Deut 28:34, the 'madman' (ha-meshugga') that the captains ask about when a prophet comes to anoint Jehu (2 Kgs 9:11), the madmen (meshugga'im) that David pretends to be among (1 Sam 21:15), Hosea's declaration that 'the prophet is a fool, the man of the spirit is mad' (Hos 9:7), and Jeremiah's opponents calling prophets 'mad' (Jer 29:26). In the Hitpael (mishtage'a, lehishtage'a), it denotes actively behaving madly or feigning madness, as when David pretended insanity before Achish king of Gath (1 Sam 21:15). Arabic uses majnun (possessed by jinn); Korean uses mi-chin (crazy); Hindi uses pagal (mad); Spanish distinguishes enloquecido (driven mad) from loco (crazy). The Pual passive and Hitpael reflexive represent the same semantic domain of madness/insanity from different grammatical perspectives. 7×
AR["الْمَجْنونُ","لِـ-يَتَظَاهَرَ-بِـ-الْجُنُونِ","مَجنونٌ","مَجَانِينَ","مَجْنُونًا","مَجْنُونٍ"]·ben["পাগল","পাগল-","পাগলদের","পাগলামি-করতে"]·DE["[משגע]","acting-madly","der-madman","maddened","madmen","zu-handle-madly"]·EN["acting-madly","mad","maddened","madmen","the-madman","to-act-madly"]·FR["[משגע]","agissant-madly","insensé","le-madman","maddened","madmen","à-agis-madly"]·heb["ה-משוגע","ל-השתגע","משוגע","משוגעים","משתגע"]·HI["पअगल","पअगल-होन","पअगलोन-कि","पागल","हमशुग्गा"]·ID["-orang-gila","gila","orang-gila","untuk-bertingkah-gila","yang-gila"]·IT["[משגע]","a-agisci-follemente","agendo-follemente","il-madman","maddened","madmen"]·jav["ingkang-èdan","ingkang-édan","kangge-tumindak-édan","tiyang-édan","édan"]·KO["미치게-하려고","미친","미친-자가","미친-자들이","미친도다"]·PT["louco","loucos","o-louco","para-fazer-se-louco"]·RU["безумен","безумец","безумным","сумасшедшего","сумасшедших","сумасшествовать"]·ES["el-loco","enloquecido","loco","locos","para-enloquecer","que-enloquece"]·SW["akijifanya-kichaa","kujifanya-kichaa","mwendawazimu","mwenye-wazimu","wazimu"]·TR["deli","deli-o","deliler","delilik-yapmak-için"]·urd["دیوانہ","پاگل","پاگل-بننے","پاگلوں-کی"]
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [שָׁגַע] Pu. be mad (Arabic سَجَعَ coo, of male pigeon, utter long whinny, of camel (cf. HoffmZAW iii (1883), 89 RSJPhil. xiv. 119 f. GoldziherArabic Philol. i. 59 ff. LagBN 202); Ethiopic ዘንግዐ: be mad (n ins., Di1055 BAES 50); Assyrian šegû, rage, howl; on meaning in Heb. v. especially WeSkizzen iii. 130);—Pu. Pt. as adj.: pred. וְהָיִיתָ מְשֻׁגָּע Dt 28:34 thou shalt be maddened (מִן because…