H7311a H7311a
to be high, exalted; to lift up, raise (physically or in status); to exalt, extol (God or a person); to contribute (an offering)
This verb, appearing 190 times, covers a remarkable semantic range from literal lifting to metaphorical exaltation. It describes physically raising one's hand to swear an oath (Gen 14:22), mountains being high or tall (Deut 1:28), priests lifting up portions as heave offerings (Lev 2:9), psalmists extolling God's name (Exod 15:2), kings being exalted to thrones (1 Sam 2:10), and the proud whose eyes are lifted in arrogance (Prov 6:17). The stems distinguish intransitive rising (Qal: 'be high, rise up'), intensive praise (Piel: 'extol, magnify'), and causative elevation (Hifil: 'lift up, exalt, remove'). A few uses describe self-exaltation in pride (Hitpael) or being passively lifted by another (Hofal, Pual).
9. haughty, proud — A negative moral sense of the Qal participle describing the proud, haughty, or arrogant whose eyes or hearts are lifted in self-regard. Proverbs condemns 'haughty eyes' (6:17), Isaiah warns against 'the day of the Lord upon everyone who is proud and lofty' (2:12). The evidence shows this as a character descriptor (Arabic al-mutakabbirīn 'the arrogant', Korean 교만한 'proud'), a moral extension of the physical uplifting. 5×
AR["(يَتَكَبَّرُ)","الْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ","مُتَعَالِيَةً","مُتَعَالِيَتَانِ","وَ-عَالٍ"]·ben["[উচ্চ-হবে]","অহংকারী","উঁচু","উচ্চ","ও-উন্নত"]·DE["erhob","erhoehen","haughty","und-erhoehen"]·EN["[ketiv:he-shall-be-exalted]","and-lofty","haughty"]·FR["et-élever","haughty","élever"]·heb["[ירום]","ו-רם","רמות","רמים"]·HI["[घमंडी-होगा]","और-ऊंचे","घमंडियों","घमंडी","घमण्डी"]·ID["[tinggi]","dan-tinggi","sombong","yang-sombong"]·IT["e-innalzare","esalto'","haughty","innalzare"]·jav["ageng","dhúwur","kang-dhuwur","lan-agung","tiyang-ingkang-sombong"]·KO["[신명기]","교만한","교만한-자들을","높은","높은-자와"]·PT["[se-exaltará]","altivos","e-alto","os-altivos"]·RU["[кере]","гордых","и-возвышенного","надменные","надменные,"]·ES["[se-elevará]","altivos","y-altivo"]·SW["[moyo-wake-utajivuna]","na-mwenye-kujisifu","wenye-kiburi","yenye-kiburi"]·TR["[yükselecek]","gururlu","kibirli","kibirliler","ve-yuksegi"]·urd["[قدیم]","اور-بلند","بلند","غروریوں","مغرور"]
▼ 10 more senses below
Senses
1. lift up, raise (physical) — The primary Hifil causative sense of physically lifting, raising, or picking up an object, body part, or person. Abraham lifts his hand to swear (Gen 14:22), Jacob erects a stone pillar (Gen 31:45), the cupbearer lifts Pharaoh's head (Gen 40:20). Arabic rafa'a 'to raise', Korean 들어올리다 'to lift up', and Swahili -inua 'to raise' all confirm the concrete physical action. This literal sense grounds the metaphorical extensions. 55×
AR["أَنْ-أَرْفَعَ","ارْفَعْ","اِرْفَعِي","تَرْفَعوا","تَرْفَعُونَ","تَرْفَعُونَهَا","فَ-رَفَعَ","لِ-يَرْفَعُوا","لِيَرْفَعَ","وَ-رَفَعَ","يَرْفَعُ"]·ben["-তুলতে","আর-তুলল","উঁচু","উঠাও","এবং-তুলল","ও-উঠাল","ও-করতাল","তুলতে","তুলবে","তুলুক","তোমরা-তুলে-ধরবে","তোল"]·DE["du-soll-erheben","du-soll-erheben-hinauf","er-soll-erheben","erheben-hinauf","erhoehen","und-er-erhob","und-erhob","und-erhoehen","wird-erheben","zu-Berge"]·EN["and-he-lifted","and-he-raised","and-lifted","do-not","he-shall-lift","lift-up","to-lift","to-lift-up","to-raise","to-raise-","will-lift-up","with-strength","you-shall-lift","you-shall-lift-up"]·FR["--élever-en-haut","et-il-leva","et-leva","et-élever","il-devra-lever","tu-devra-lever","tu-devra-lever-en-haut","élever"]·heb["הרים","הרימי","הרם","ו-הרים","ו-ירם","ירים","ל-הרים","תרימו"]·HI["उठाए","उठाएगा","उठाने","उठाने-","ऊँचा-कर","ऊंची","और-उठाया","तारीमू","तुम-उठाओ","तुम-उठाओगे"]·ID["Angkatlah","akan-mengangkat","angkatlah","dan mengangkat","dan-dia-mengangkat","dan-mengangkat","dan-mengangkatlah","hendaklah-mempersembahkan","ia-akan-mengangkat","kamu-akan-mempersembahkan","meninggikan","nyaringkanlah","untuk-mengangkat"]·IT["a-monti","e-alzo","e-egli-sollevò","e-innalzare","egli-dovra-alzare","esalto'","innalzare","tu-dovra-alzare","tu-dovra-alzare-su","will-alzare-su"]·jav["Lan-ngangkat","badhé-ngangkat","inggahaken","kangge-ndhuwuraken","kangge-ngungelaken","kanggé-ngangkat","kanggé-ngangkat-","lan-ngangkat","lan-piyambak-ipun-ngangkat","ngangkat","nginggahaken","panjenengan-sadaya-badhe-nginggahaken","panjenengan-sadhe-nginggahaken","panjenengan-sami-ngangkat"]·KO["그-가-들어올리라","그리고-들어-올리니라","그리고-들어올렸다","그리고-들었다","너희는-들어올릴-것이다","높이라","들소서","들어-올리기-위한","들어올리지못할것이다","로-들다","에-높이다","위해-높이다"]·PT["E-levantou","e-levantou","levanta","levantareis","levantará","levanteis","para-levantar"]·RU["возвысить","возвысь","возвышающих-","возвышая","возносите","и-поднял","поднимет","поднять"]·ES["Levanta","Levántala","Y-alzó","Y-levantó","alza","de-levantar","elevaréis","la-levantaréis","levantará","levantaréis","levantéis","para-alzar","para-alzar-","y-levantó"]·SW["Na-akainua","atanyanyua","ataondoa","inua","kuinua","kuinua-","kupaza","msiinue","mtainua","na-akainua"]·TR["Ve-kaldırdı","kaldirmak-icin","kaldıracak","kaldıracaksınız","kaldırmayın","ve-kaldırdı","yukselft","yukselt","yükseltmek-için-","yükselttirmek-için"]·urd["اور-اُٹھایا","اُٹھاؤ","اُٹھاؤگے","اُٹھائے","اُٹھانے-کو","اٹھائے-گا","اٹھانے-کو","بلند","بلند-کر","تم-اُٹھاؤ","لے-اونچی-کرنے-کو"]
Gen 14:22, Gen 31:45, Gen 39:15, Gen 39:18, Gen 41:44, Exod 14:16, Exod 17:11, Exod 29:27, Lev 4:8, Lev 4:10, Lev 4:19, Lev 22:15 (+38 more)
2. be exalted, rise up (intransitive) — The intransitive Qal sense describing rising, becoming elevated, or being exalted without an external agent. Floodwaters rose in Noah's day (Gen 7:17), Israel's king shall rise in power (Num 24:7), hearts become proud (Deut 8:14, 17:20). The translations capture the stative or inchoative quality (Arabic yartafi'u 'it rises', Korean 높아지다 'to become high'), distinguishing this from the causative lifting of sense 1. 35×
AR["(يَرْتَفِعونَ)","ارتَفِع","ارْتَفَعَتْ","ارْتَفِعْ","تَرْتَفِعُ","كَ-ارْتِفَاعِ","وَ-ارْتَفَعَتْ","وَعِنْدَ-ارْتِفَاعِهِمْ","وَيَتَعَالَى","وَٱرْتَفَعَ","يَتَرَفَّعُونَ","يَرتَفِع","يَرْتَفِعُ","يَرْتَفِعُونَ"]·ben["(তারা-উন্নত-করুক)","আর-উঁচু","আর-তাদের-ওঠাকালে","উচ্চ","উচ্চ-হও","উচ্চ-হবে","উঠবেন","উন্নত-হও","উন্নত-হবে","উন্নত-হয়","এবং-উন্নত-হোক","এবং-সেটি-উঠল","তারা-উচ্চ-হয়","পাছে-তারা-উঠবে।","যখন-উচ্চ-হয়"]·DE["erhob","erhoehen","erhöhen-sich-selbst","ist-erhoben-hinauf","ist-erhoehte","ist-erhöht","lest-sie-erhöhen-sich-selbst","sein-erhöht","sie-sind-erhöht","soll-sein-erhöht","und-erhoehen","und-erhöht","und-sie-erhob-sich","wann-ist-erhöht","wird-sein-erhöht"]·EN["He-rises","and-exalted","and-it-rose","and-when-rising-of-them","be-exalted","exalt-themselves","is-exalted","is-lifted-up","lest-they-exalt-themselves","shall-be-exalted","they-are-exalted","when-is-exalted","will-be-exalted"]·FR["comme-élever","est-exalta","et-cela-se-leva","et-il-s'élèvera","et-élever","il-s'élèvera","élever"]·heb["(ירומו)","ו-ב-רומם","ו-ירום","ו-רם","ו-תרם","ירום","ירומו","כ-רום","רומה","רמה","תרום"]·HI["अपने-आप-को-ऊँचा","ऊँचा-है","ऊँचा-हो","ऊँचा-होगा","ऊँचा-होता-है","ऊँचे","ऊंचा-हो","ऊंचा-होगा","और-ऊँचा-हो","और-ऊंचा-हुआ","और-ऊनचा-हुआ","और-जब-वे-उठते","जब-ऊंचा-किया-जाता-है","वे-ऊँचे-हों","वे-ऊँचे-होंगे"]·ID["Dia-bangkit","dan-biarlah-ditinggikan","dan-ia-terangkat","dan-ketika-terangkat-mereka","dan-terangkat","diangkat","ditinggikan","ketika-ditinggikan","meninggikan-diri","mereka-ditinggikan","tinggi"]·IT["e-esalto","e-esalto'","e-esso-si-alzò","e-innalzare","esalto'","innalzare"]·jav["Junjunga","Mugi-dipunagungaken","amargi","badhé-dhuwur","dhuwur","dipun-jumenengaken","dipun-junjung","dipunangkat","inggil","lan-dhuwur","lan-nalika-tiyang-tiyang-punika-minggah","lan-ngangkat-piyambakipun","nalika-dipun-junjung","nginggahaken","nyawa","saha-dipun-junjung","sami-kaangkat","tiyang-tiyang-punika-dipun-luhuraken"]·KO["그리고-그들이-올라갈-때에","그리고-높아졌다","그리고-높이시도다","높아지리라","높아지리로다","높아지리이까","높아지소서","높아진다","높아질-때","높았다","높으소서","높이-일어나실-것이다","높이리라","높이소서","높이지-마라"]·PT["Exalta-Te","Exalta-te","Se-exaltará","e-ao-elevarem-se","e-elevou-se","e-exaltado","e-exaltou-se","exaltada","para-que-não-se-exaltem","quando","se-exaltará","se-exaltem","será-exaltada","será-exaltado","serão-exaltados","é-exaltada"]·RU["Вознесись","будет-возноситься","возвысятся","возвышается","вознесена","вознесется","вознесись","вознесутся","вознесётся","высока","да-возвышаются","и-вознеслось","и-да-вознесется","и-когда-поднимались-они","и-поднялся-он","когда-возвышается","поднимется"]·ES["Exaltado","cuando-son-exaltados","exaltada","fue-exaltada","se-enaltecerían","se-exalta","se-exalten","se-levantará","será-exaltado","serán-exaltados","sé-exaltado","y-al-elevarse-ellos","y-se-elevó","y-sea-exaltado"]·SW["(wasijikuze)","Inuka","Uinuliwe","atainuka","atainuliwa","imeshinda","itainuliwa","na-atukuzwe","na-ikainuliwa","na-umejikweza","na-walipoinuka","uinuliwe","umeinuliwa","unainuliwa","wakati-wa-kuinuliwa","wasiinuke","watainuliwa"]·TR["(yükselsinler)","ve-yüceldi","ve-yüceltilsin","ve-yükseldi","ve-yükselmelerinde","yukseltecek","yüksel","yükseldi","yükselecek","yükselir","yükseliyorlar","yükselmiş","yükseltildiğinde-","yükseltirler"]·urd["(بلند-ہوں)","اور-اُن-کے-اُٹھنے-پر","اور-اٹھی","اور-سرفراز-ہو","اور-مغرور","اونچا-ہو","اُٹھے-گا","بلند-ہو","بلند-ہو-گا","بلند-ہوتا-ہے","بلند-ہوتے-ہیں","بلند-ہوگا","بلند-ہے","بُلند-ہو","جب-سرفراز-ہوتی-ہے","سرفراز-رہے-گا","غالب-آیا","وہ-سر-اٹھائیں"]
Gen 7:17, Num 24:7, Deut 8:14, Deut 17:20, Deut 32:27, 1 Sam 2:1, 2 Sam 22:47, Ps 12:8, Ps 13:2, Ps 18:46, Ps 21:13, Ps 27:6 (+23 more)
3. exalt, extol (Piel intensive) — The intensive Piel sense of actively praising, extolling, or magnifying the name and greatness of God or a person. Moses sings 'The Lord is my strength and song, and He has become my salvation; this is my God, and I will exalt Him' (Exod 15:2). Arabic 'aẓẓama 'to magnify', Korean 높이다 (intensive), Swahili -tukuza 'to glorify' all reflect the intensified, worshipful register that distinguishes this from mere physical raising. 25×
AR["أُرَفِّعُكَ","أُعَظِّمُكَ","أُعَلِّي","تُرَفِّعُنِي","تُعَلِّيهِمْ","رافِعُ","رَافِعِي","عَظِّمُوا","فَيَرْفَعُكَ","لِ-نَرْفَعَ","وَ-أُعَلِّيهِ","وَ-رَفَعتُ","وَ-رَفَعَت","وَ-لِيَرفَعوهُ","يَرْفَعُ-","يَرْفَعُنِي","يُرَفِّعُ"]·ben["আমাকে-উন্নত-করবেন","আমার-ঈশ্বর","আমি-তোমাকে-মহিমান্বিত-করব","উঁচু-করে","উচ্চ-করেন","উন্নত-করতে","উন্নত-করব-আপনাকে","উন্নত-করব-তোমাকে","উন্নত-করবেন-আমাকে","উন্নত-করে-","উন্নত-করেছি","উন্নত-করো","এবং-আমি-তাঁকে-উচ্চ-করব","এবং-তারা-তাঁকে-উন্নত-করুক","এবং-তুলল","ও-উন্নত-করবেন-তোমাকে","ও-উন্নত-করেছি","তুমি-তাদের-উচ্চ-করবে","যিনি-আমাকে-উন্নত-করেন"]·DE["You-erhebe-mich-hinauf","der-einer-lifting-mich-hinauf","er-wird-erheben-mich-hoch","erhob","erhoehen","erhöhen","ich-wird-erhöhen-du","lifts-hinauf","und-er-wird-erhöhen-du","und-erhoehen","und-es-erhoben-hoch","und-ich-wird-exalt-Ihn","und-lass-ihnen-erhöhen-ihn"]·EN["I-exalt-You","I-have-raised","I-will-exalt-You","I-will-exalt-you","You-lift-me-up","You-will-exalt","and-He-will-exalt-you","and-I-will-exalt-Him","and-brought-up","and-it-lifted-high","and-let-them-exalt-Him","exalt","exalts","he-will-lift-me-high","lifts-up","the-one-lifting-me-up","to-raise-up"]·FR["Tu-lève-moi-en-haut","de-élever","et-Je---exalt-Lui","et-élever","lève-en-haut","élever"]·heb["ארומם-ך","ארוממך","ו-ארוממנהו","ו-ירומם-ך","ו-ירוממוהו","ו-רוממתי","ו-תרומם","ירומם-אותי","ל-רומם","מרומם","מרוממי","מרים","רוממו","רוממתי","תרומם","תרומם־","תרוממ-ני"]·HI["ऊँचा-करता","ऊँचा-करता-है","ऊँचा-करती-है","ऊँचा-करूँगा-तुझे","ऊँचा-करूँगा-तुझे-मैं","ऊँचा-करेगा-मुझे-वह","ऊँचा-करो","ऊंचा-करता-है-मुझे","ऊंचा-करूंगा-तुझे","और-उठाई","और-उठाएगा-तुझे","और-ऊँचा-उठाऊँगा-उसे","और-बढ़ाया","और-वे-उसे-ऊंचा-करें","तू-उन्हें-ऊँचा-करेगा","तू-जो-ऊंचा-उठाता-है-मुझे","बड़ाया-मैंने","मरम्मत-करने-को","मैं-ऊँचा-करूँगा-तुझे"]·ID["Engkau-meninggikan-aku","Engkau-tinggikan","Tinggikanlah","aku-akan-meninggikan-Mu","aku-meninggikan","aku-meninggikan-Mu","dan-aku-akan-meninggikan-Dia","dan-biarlah-mereka-meninggikan-Dia","dan-mengangkat","dan-meninggikan","meninggikan","meninggikan-","untuk-meninggikan","yang-mengangkat-aku"]·IT["You-solleva-me-su","e-esalto'","e-innalzare","e-io-will-esaltare-Lui","esalto'","innalzare","solleva-su","ti-esaltero'"]·jav["Kawula-badhe-ngagungaken-Panjenengan","Kula-badhé-ngluhuraken-Panjenengan","Lan-mugi-ngagungaken","Panjenengan-ipun-junjung-kula","Panjenengan-nginggil","Panjenengan-ngluhuraken-kula","Sami-ngagungaken","ingkang-ngèngeti-kula","kawula-ngagungaken-Panjenengan","kawula-sampun-ngunggahaken","kula-ngluhuraken-Paduka","lan-Panjenenganipun-badhe-ngluhuruaken-Panjenengan","lan-kawula-badhe-nginggahaken","lan-nginggil-nginggil-aken","lan-ngunggahaken","nganggégaken","ngangkat","nginggilèken","supados-nganggulaken"]·KO["그리고-내가-그를-높이리라","그리고-높이셨도다","그리고-높이시리이다-너-를","그리고-높일지어다-그-를","내가-높이리이다-주를","높였으나","높였으며","높이는다","높이라","높이리니","높이리라-당신-을","높이리이다","높이시는-이여","높이시리니이다","높이신다-나를","높이지-못하리이다","높인다","로-높이다"]·PT["E-exaltem-nO","Exaltai","Exaltar-te-ei","e-exaltar-te-á","e-exaltei","e-levantou","e-o-exaltarei.","eduquei","exalta","exaltar-Te-ei","exaltarás","exaltas-me","me-exaltará","para-levantar","te-exaltarei","tu-que-me-levantas"]·RU["И-да-превозносят-Его","Превозносите","буду-превозносить-Тебя","возвысить","возвысишь","возвышает","возвышает-","возвышающий","вознесет-меня","вознесу-Тебя","возносящий-меня","выращивала-я","и-возвысил","и-возвысит-тебя","и-поднял","и-превознесу-Его","превознесу-Тебя"]·ES["Exaltad","Te-exaltaré","Y-lo-exalten","el-que-me-levanta","exalta","los-exaltarás","me-exaltará","me-exaltas","ni-levanté","para-levantar","te-exaltaré","y-elevó","y-exalté","y-lo-ensalzaré","y-te-exaltará"]·SW["Nitakuinua","anainua","ataniinua","hutawainua","inainua","kuinua","mkuzeni","na-atakuinua","na-kuwainua","na-nitamtukuza","na-ukainua","na-wamtukuze","nitakukuza","nitakutukuza","sijalealea","unaniinua","uniinuaye"]·TR["ve-yucselttim","ve-yüceltsinler-O'nu","ve-yükselteceğim-onu","ve-yükselter-seni","ve-yükseltti","yuceltecegim-seni","yukseltmek-icin","yukseltttim","yüceltecek-beni","yücelteceğim-Seni","yücelteceğim-seni","yücelten-beni","yücelterim-seni","yüceltin","yüceltirsin","yükselir-","yükseltensin-beni","yükseltir"]·urd["اور-اونچا-کیا","اور-اونچی-کیں","اور-بلند-کروں-گا-اسے","اور-سربلند-کریں-اُسے","اور-سرفراز-کرے-گا-تجھے","اُٹھاتا-ہے","اُٹھانے-والے-مجھے","اُٹھانے-کو","بلند-کرتا-ہے","بلند-کرتی-ہے","بڑھایا","تُو بلند کرے گا","تُو-بلند-کرتا-ہے-مجھے","سربلند-کرو","سربلند-کروں-گا-تجھے","میں-تجھے-سربلند-کروں-گا","میں-تیری-بڑائی-کروں-گا","میں-سراہوں-گا-تجھے","وہ-مجھے-بلند-کرے-گا"]
4. be high, tall (stative) — A stative or participial Qal sense describing inherent or observable height — people of tall stature (Deut 1:28, 2:10, 2:21), a high hand symbolizing defiant boldness (Exod 14:8, Num 33:3), or high mountains. The evidence shows this as an attributive quality (Arabic murtafi' 'elevated', Korean 높은 'high'), not an action, marking the stative aspect of the root. 20×
AR["الشَّامِخِ","العَالِيَةِ","الْعَالِينَ","الْعَالِيَةِ","رَفِيعَةٍ","عالِياتٌ","عَالٍ","عَالِيَةٍ","مُرْتَفَعَاتٍ","مُرْتَفِعٍ","مُرْتَفِعَةٌ","مُرْتَفِعَةٍ","وَ-أطْوَلُ","وَ-الْمُرْتَفِعُونَ","وَطَوِيلًا","وَطَوِيلٌ"]·ben["-উঁচু","উঁচু","উচ্চ","উচ্চ।","উচ্চতার","উচ্চদের","উন্নত","এবং-উচ্চ","এবং-লম্বা","ও-উঁচু"]·DE["Wurm","der-Höhen","der-hoch","erhob","erhoehen","hoch","loud","und-erhoehen","und-tall","uplifted"]·EN["and-tall","and-tall-of","high","loud","the-heights","the-high","the-high-ones","the-lofty","too-high","uplifted"]·FR["et-grand","et-élever","haut","le-haut","loud","uplifted","élever"]·heb["ה-רמה","ה-רמים","הרים","ו-רם","ו-רמי","ראמות","רם","רמה","רמים"]·HI["ऊँचाइयों","ऊँची","ऊँची।","ऊँचे","ऊँचे-उठाए-हुए","ऊँचों-का","ऊंचा","ऊंची","ऊंचे","और-ऊँची","और-ऊंचे","और-ऊंचे-"]·ID["-tinggi","Terlalu-tinggi","dan-tinggi","dan-yang-tinggi","nyaring","tempat-tinggi","terangkat","tinggi","yang terangkat","yang-tinggi","yang-tinggi;"]·IT["alto","e-innalzare","e-tall","esalto'","il-alto","innalzare","loud","uplifted"]·jav["Lan-inggil","dhuwur","inggil","inggil-sanget","ingkang-dhuwur","ingkang-inggil","ingkang-kainggahaken","ingkang-luhur","lan-dhuwur","sora"]·KO["그-높은","그리고-키-큰","그리고-키가-큰","높고","높으니라","높은","높은-곳들","높은-자들은","높은-자들을"]·PT["Altas","alta","alto","as-alturas","e-alto","e-os-altos-de","erguida.","exaltados","levantado","o-alto","os-altos"]·RU["-высоких","вознесённой","высоки","высокие","высоких","высокого","высокой","высоком","высоты","громким","дерево","и-высокие-","и-высокий","поднятая"]·ES["Altas","a-los-altos","alta","alta;","alto","altos","alturas","alzada","alzado","el-alto","los-altos","y-alto","y-los-altos-de"]·SW["kirefu","kubwa","kuinuka","mirefu","mrefu","na-warefu","ulioinuliwa","vilele","walio-juu","ya-juu-sana"]·TR["kaldırılmışın","kalkmış","ulaşılmazdır","ve-uzun","ve-yuksekleri","yuksek","yücekleri","yükek","yüksek","yükselikler","yükselti"]·urd["-بلند","اور-اونچی","اور-بلند","اور-لمبی","اونچی","اونچے","اُونچے","اٹھا ہوا","بلند","بلندوں-کا","بلندیوں"]
5. exalt, make high (status/honor) — A figurative Hifil sense of exalting someone in rank, honor, or power — God exalting David to kingship (1 Sam 2:10), priests being elevated in ritual status (Lev 2:9, 6:10), Israel's horn being lifted in victory (1 Sam 2:1). The multilingual glosses distinguish this metaphorical elevation from physical lifting, using terms for social or spiritual promotion (Korean 높이다 in the honorific register, Arabic rafa'a in its figurative domain). 18×
AR["[تَرْتَفِعُ]","أَرْفَعُ","أُقِيمُ","رَفَعَ","رَفَعْتَ","رَفَعْتُ","رَفَعْتُكَ","وَ-يَرْفَعُ","وَرَفَعْتَ","يَرفَع","يَرْفَعُ"]·ben["[তুমি-উন্নত-করবে]","আমি-উঁচু-করব","আমি-উচ্চ-করেছি","আমি-তুলব","আমি-তোমাকে-উঠিয়েছি","উঁচু-করেছেন","উঠিয়েছ","এবং-উন্নত-করবেন","এবং-তুমি-উন্নত-করেছ","এবং-তুলুক","তিনি-উঁচু-করেন","তিনি-উন্নত-করবেন","তিনি-উন্নত-করেন","তুমি-উচ্চ-করেছ","তুলেছি-তোমাকে","সে-উঁচু-করে"]·DE["Berge","[ketiv]","aber-du-haben-erhöht","du-haben-erhöht","er-erhebt","er-erhebt-hinauf","er-wird-erheben-hoch","erhob","erhoehen","ich-erhob-du","ich-exalted-du","ich-haben-erhöht","tat-du-erhebe","und-He-exalts","und-er-soll-erheben","und-er-soll-nehmen-hinauf"]·EN["He-exalted","He-lifts","He-lifts-up","He-will-lift-high","I-exalted-you","I-have-exalted","I-raised-you","I-will-raise","[ketiv]","and-He-exalts","and-he-shall-lift","and-he-shall-take-up","but-you-have-exalted","did-you-raise","it-makes-high","you-have-exalted"]·FR["et-Il-exalts","et-il-devra-lever","et-il-devra-prendre-en-haut","et-élever","fit-tu-élève","je-exalta-tu","je-éleva-tu","le-élever","montagnes","élever"]·heb["[תרים]","ארים","הרים","הרימות","הרימותי","הרימותיך","ו-הרים","ו-ירם","ו-תרם","ירים"]·HI["[तू-ऊँचा-करता-है]","उठाया-तुझे-मैंने","उठाया-तूने","उठाया-मैंने-तुझे","ऊँचा-करता-है","ऊँचा-करेगा","ऊंचा-किया","और-उठाए","और-ऊँचा-करेगा","और-तूने-ऊँचा-किया","तूने-ऊँचा-किया","मैं-ऊंचा-करूंगा","मैंने-ऊँचा-किया","यारीम","वह-ऊँचा-बनाता-है"]·ID["Aku-mengangkat","Aku-mengangkatmu","Aku-meninggikan","Dan-Engkau-meninggikan","Dan-mengangkat","Dia-meninggikan","Engkau-meninggikan","Ia-mengangkat","Ia-meninggikan","aku-meninggikan","dan-mengangkat","dan-meninggikan","ditinggikan","engkau-meninggikan","meninggikan"]·IT["e-He-exalts","e-egli-dovra-alzare","e-egli-dovra-prendere-su","e-esalto'","esalto'","fece-tu-innalza","innalzare","io-esaltò-tu","io-innalzò-tu","monti"]·jav["Aku-ngangkat-panjenengan","Ingsun-badhé-ngangkat","Kula-sampun-ngangkat","Lan-ngangkat","Nanging-Panjenengan-nginggilaken","Panjenengan-ngangkat","Panjenengan-nginggahaken","Panjenenganipun-ngangkat","[Panjenengan-ngangkat]","kawula-badhé-minggahaken","lan-ngangkat","lan-nginggilèken","panjenengan-ngangkat","piyambak-ipun-minggahaken"]·KO["[ketiv]","그-가-높였네","그러나-당신-이-높이셨도다","그리고-그-가-들어올리라","그리고-높이다","그리고-들어-올리라","내가-높이리라","네가-높였는가","높였나이다","높였다-너를","높이겠느냐","높이리라","높이셨나이다","높이시다","높이시도다","높이시리라"]·PT["E-exaltaste","E-levantará","Exaltaste","[exaltarás]","e-exaltará","e-levantará","elevei-te","ergue","erguerei","exalta","exaltarei","exaltei","exaltou","levanta","levantará","levantaste"]·RU["(ктив)","возвысил-тебя","возвысил-я","возвышает","вознесу","вознесёт","возносит","вознёс","вознёс-Ты","высоко","и-вознесёт","и-вознесёшь-Ты","и-поднимет","подниму","поднял-тебя","поднял-ты"]·ES["Exaltaste","Y-has-exaltado","Y-levantará","[exaltarás]","alzaré","alzaste","exalta","exalté","ha-exaltado","levanta","levantará","levantaré","te-levanté","y-exaltará","y-levantará"]·SW["Na-atainua","Na-ataondoa","Na-umeinua","Umeiinua","ameinua","anainua","anamwinua","atainua","na-atainua","nilikuinua","nimemwinua","nitainua","umeinua","utainua"]·TR["dikecekim","kaldıracak","ve-kaldıracak","ve-yükseltecek","ve-yükselttim","yuksetecegim","yücelttim","yükselecek","yükseltir","yükseltti","yükselttim-seni","yükselttin"]·urd["[بلند-کرتا-ہے-تُو]","اور-اُٹھائے","اور-اٹھائے","اور-بلند-کرے-گا","اُٹھائے-گا","اُٹھتا-ہے","بلند-کرتا-ہے","بلند-کروں-گا","بلند-کی-تو-نے","بلند-کیا","بلند-کیا-تُو-نے","بلند-کیا-میں-نے","تُو-نے-بلند-کیا","میں-نے-تجھے-اُٹھایا","وہ-اونچا-بناتا-ہے"]
Lev 2:9, Lev 6:10, Lev 6:15, 1 Sam 2:10, 1 Kgs 14:7, 1 Kgs 16:2, 2 Kgs 19:22, Job 39:27, Ps 75:7, Ps 89:17, Ps 89:19, Ps 89:42 (+6 more)
6. contribute, present (offering) — A specialized Hifil sense denoting the ritual act of lifting up an offering (terumah) or making a voluntary contribution to the sanctuary. The Israelites 'contributed' gold and silver for the tabernacle (Exod 35:24), the Levites received a levy from spoils (Num 31:28, 52). The evidence shows this as a technical cultic term (Arabic qaddama 'to present', Korean 바치다 'to dedicate') distinct from ordinary lifting. 17×
AR["(أُزِيلَ)","[يَرْفَعونَ]","الرِّفْعَةُ","الَّتِي-أَقامَ","تَرْفَعُونَ","تُقَدِّمُونَ","رافِعِ","رَفَعَ","رَفَعُوا","قَدَّمُوا","وَ-قَدَّمَ","وَارْفَعْ"]·ben["[তারা-উন্নত-করুক]","[সরিয়ে-নেওয়া-হল]","উঠালেন","উত্থাপনকারী","উৎসর্গ-করেছিলেন","এবং-তুলবে","ও-উঠালেন","তুলেছিল","তোমরা-উত্তোলন-করবে","দান-করলেন","পর্বতমালা"]·DE["Berge","[ketiv:exalt-themselves]","contributing","erhob","erhoehen","sie-contributed","und-erhoehen","und-levy","von-Berge"]·EN["[ketiv:exalt-themselves]","[ketiv:harim]","and-he-contributed","and-levy","contributed","contributing","of-mountains","that-had-contributed","they-contributed","you-shall-offer"]·FR["contributing","et-levy","et-élever","ils-contributed","montagnes","élever"]·heb["[הורים]","[ירימו]","ה-הרימו","הרים","הרימו","ו-הרים","ו-ירם","מרים","תרימו"]·HI["[हटाया]","उठाएं","उठानेवाले","उठाया","उन्होंने-दिया","और-उठाओगे","और-दिया","चढ़ाओगे","तुम-उठाओगे","दिया","हारीम"]·ID["[diambil]","dan-angkat","dan-memberikan","gunung-gunung","kamu-angkat","kamu-mengangkat","memberikan","mempersembahkan","meninggikan-diri","menyumbangkan","orang-yang-mempersembahkan","yang-dipersembahkan"]·IT["contributing","e-innalzare","e-levy","esalto'","essi-contributed","innalzare","monti"]·jav["Lan-mundhuta","dipun-angkat","dipunpisungsungaken","kang-sampun-dipunpisungsungaken","lan-nyaosaken","nginggahaken","nyaosaken","redi-redi","sami-nyaosaken","sami-nyaosakén","tiyang-ingkang-ngunjukaken"]·KO["[들어올려졌더니]","그가-바쳤다","그가-바친","그들이-바쳤다","그리고-능라-거두라","그리고-들어-올렸다","너희가-들어-올릴-것이다","높이라","들어-올렸다","들어-올리는-자는","들어-올릴-것이다","들어올렸다","산들"]·PT["E-contribuiu","E-levantarás","[foi-tirado]","contribuiu","contribuíram","o-que-levanta","ofereceram","oferecereis","que-ofereceram","se-exaltem","vem-a-exaltação"]·RU["[удалена]","будете-пожертвовать","возвышение","вознесли","вознесёте","и-возьмёшь","и-пожертвовал","кетив","отделите","поднимающий","пожертвовал","пожертвовали"]·ES["Y-levantarás","[fue-quitado]","[se-exalten]","alzaréis","el-que-ofrecía","exaltación","levantaron","levantó","ofrecieron","ofrendaron","que-ofrecieron","y-ofrendó"]·SW["[iliondolewa]","[wasijikuze]","aliyetoa","heriym","heriymwּ","kuinuliwa","mtatoa","na-utoe","walitoa","wayaּrem"]·TR["Ve-bağışladı","[kaldırıldı]","[yükselsinler]","ayıracaksınız","bağışladılar","dağlardan","kaldiranlar","kaldıran","kaldırdı","kaldırdılar","ve-kaldıracaksın"]·urd["[اپنے-آپ-کو-بلند-کریں]","اور-اٹھاؤ","اور-اٹھایا","اُٹھانے-والا","اُٹھایا","اُٹھایا-گیا","اٹھاؤ","اٹھاؤ-گے-تم","اٹھایا","جو-اُٹھایا","پہاڑ"]
Exod 35:24, Num 31:28, Num 31:52, 2 Chr 30:24, 2 Chr 30:24, 2 Chr 35:7, 2 Chr 35:8, 2 Chr 35:9, Ezra 8:25, Ps 66:7, Ps 75:6, Ezek 45:1 (+5 more)
7. be exalted (divine majesty) — A Qal participial or stative sense applied exclusively to God as the Exalted One, expressing divine transcendence and majesty — 'Be still, and know that I am God; I will be exalted among the nations' (Ps 46:10). Arabic muta'ālin 'the Most High', Korean 높으시도다 'O Exalted One', and the consistent application to YHWH distinguish this from human exaltation in sense 2. 6×
AR["أَتَعَظَّمُ","الْعَلِيُّ","عالٍ","مُتَعَالٍ","وَ-مُتَعَالٍ"]·ben["উঁচু","উচ্চ","উচ্চ-হব","এবং-উচ্চ"]·DE["erhoehen","erhöht","ich-wird-sein-erhöht","und-erhöht"]·EN["I-will-be-exalted","and-exalted","exalted","high"]·FR["et-élever","élever"]·heb["ארום","ו-רם","רם"]·HI["उंचा-किया-जाऊंगा-मैं","ऊँचा","ऊँचा-है","और-ऊँचा"]·ID["Yang-Tinggi","dan-tinggi","tinggi"]·IT["e-esalto'","esalto'","innalzare"]·jav["Inggil","Ingkang-Luhur","Kula-badhe-dipun-luhuruaken","inggil","lan-luhur"]·KO["그리고-높으시도다","높으시도다","높은-자가","높임-받으리이다"]·PT["Exaltado","alto","e-exaltado","exaltado","serei-exaltado"]·RU["Высок","Высокий","высок","и-возвышен","превознесён"]·ES["Exaltado","alto","el-Alto","seré-exaltado","y-exaltado"]·SW["aliyeinuliwa","ameinuliwa","juu","na-ameinuliwa","nitainuliwa"]·TR["ve-yüe","yuce","yüce","yükseleceğim","yükselmiş"]·urd["اور-بلند-ہے","بلند","بلند-ہے","میں-سربلند-ہووں-گا"]
8. remove, take away — A Hifil sense of lifting something off, away, or out — removing a turban (Ezek 21:26), taking away stumbling blocks (Isa 57:14, 62:10), carrying disgrace away (Prov 3:35). The translations reveal the directional nuance of removal (Arabic azāla 'to remove', Korean 제거하다 'to eliminate') that extends the basic lifting semantics in a subtractive direction. 5×
AR["ارْفَعُوا","وَارْفَعِ","يَرْفَعُونَ"]·ben["এবং-উঠাও","তুলে-নাও","তোল","বহন-করে"]·DE["erhob","erhoehen","und-Berge"]·EN["and-take-off","carry-away","lift-up","remove","take-away"]·FR["et-élever","élever"]·heb["הרימו","ו-הרים","מרימים"]·HI["उठाओ","उठानेवाले","और-उतार","दूर-करो","हटाओ"]·ID["angkatlah","dan-angkatlah","menanggung"]·IT["e-monti","innalzare"]·jav["Angkatna","lan-angkat","ngangkat","sami-ngangkat"]·KO["그리고-들어-올려라","높이다","들어올려라","멈추라","제거하라"]·PT["e-tira","levantai","levantando","tirai"]·RU["возносят","и-убери","поднимите","прекратите","уберите"]·ES["alzad","quitad","se-llevan","y-alza"]·SW["acheni","hubeba","inueni","na-ondoa","ondoeni"]·TR["kaldirin","kaldırın","ve-çıkar","yükseltir"]·urd["اور-ہٹا","اونچا-کرو","اٹھائیں-گے","ہٹاؤ"]
10. exalt oneself (reflexive) — The reflexive Hitpael sense where the subject exalts or magnifies himself — 'I will be exalted among the nations' (Isa 33:10, spoken by God), or the wicked king who 'shall exalt himself and magnify himself above every god' (Dan 11:36). The form and glosses (Korean 높이리라 with reflexive force) mark the self-directed nature of this exaltation, whether legitimate (God) or blasphemous (human rulers). 2×
AR["أَرْتَفِعُ","وَ-يَرْتَفِعُ"]·ben["আমি-উন্নত-হব","ও-উচ্চ-হবে"]·DE["erhoehen","und-erhoehen"]·EN["I-will-be-exalted","and-exalt-himself"]·FR["et-élever","élever"]·heb["ארומם","ו-יתרומם"]·HI["और-उच्चा-करेगा-अपने-आपको","मैं-ऊँचा-होऊँगा"]·ID["Aku-akan-ditinggikan","dan-dia-akan-meninggikan-diri"]·IT["e-innalzare","innalzare"]·jav["Aku-dipunluhuraken","lan-ngagungaken-dhiri"]·KO["그리고-높이리라","높이리라"]·PT["Me-exaltarei","e-se-exaltará"]·RU["возвышусь","и-вознесётся"]·ES["seré-exaltado","y-se-enaltecerá"]·SW["na-atajinyanyua","nitajikuza"]·TR["ve-yükseltecek","yuceltecegim"]·urd["اور-بلند-کرے-گا-خود-کو","بلند-ہوں-گا"]
11. be raised, be lifted (passive) — The passive Hofal or Pual sense where someone or something is raised or exalted by an external agent. The Levites call Israel to 'exalt the Lord' with the expectation that His name 'shall be exalted' (Neh 9:5), and the righteous man's horn 'will be lifted up' by God (Ps 75:10). The glosses reflect passive reception of exaltation (Arabic rufi'a 'was raised', Korean 높여진 'was elevated'). 2×
AR["تَرْتَفِعُ","وَ-الْمُتَعَالِي"]·ben["আর-উন্নত","উন্নত-হবে"]·DE["und-erhob","wird-sein-erhoben-hinauf"]·EN["and-exalted","will-be-lifted-up"]·FR["et-élever","élever"]·heb["ו-מרומם","תרוממנה"]·HI["और-जो-ऊंचा","तेरोमम्नाह"]·ID["dan-ditinggikan","ditinggikan"]·IT["e-innalzare","esalto'"]·jav["badhé-dipuninggahaken","lan-kaluhurna"]·KO["그리고-높여진","높이리이다"]·PT["e-exaltado","serão-exaltadas"]·RU["да-вознесутся","и-превознесённое"]·ES["serán-exaltados","y-exaltado"]·SW["na-limeinuliwa","zitainuliwa"]·TR["ve-yüceltilsin","yükseltilecek"]·urd["اور-سربلند","بلند-ہوں-گے"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† רוּם vb. be high, exalted, rise (OHeb, Ph., Old Aramaic, Palm., all in n.pr.; Sab. in רים epith. dei et regis Fell ZMG liv (1900), 25f. also in n.pr. Mordtm ib. xxx (1876), 36 SabDenkm No. 14, 1. 1; Arabic رام be high, dial. of Oman (JayakarJA xxi. 813, 875) and Zanzibar (PräZMG xxxiv (1880), 218); Ethiopic in deriv.; Aramaic רָם ܪܘܡ (very often in der. spec. and deriv.));— Qal Pf. 3 ms.…