H6605a H6605a
open, loose, release — verb of opening doors, gates, containers, bonds; Piel = untie/liberate; Nifal = be opened; includes drawing a sword
This verb (136×) primarily means 'to open' in Qal—doors, gates, windows, sacks, eyes, mouths. Nifal is the passive ('be opened'), Piel intensifies to 'loose, untie' bonds or 'set free' captives, and Hitpael is reflexive ('loose oneself'). A specialized sense is 'draw a sword' from its sheath. Multilingual parallels—Arabic فَتَحَ (open) and حَلَّ/فَكَّ (loose), Korean 열다 (open) and 풀다 (loose), Swahili -fungua (open) and -fungua (untie), Spanish abrir (open) and soltar/desatar (loose)—clearly distinguish 'open' from 'loose', confirming two semantic centers. The passive participle פָּתוּחַ means 'standing open'.
5. open (Qal mouth/lips/eyes) — Qal 'open mouth/lips/eyes' (13×) is the basic sense applied to body parts—often metaphorical for speech or perception. Arabic فَتَحَ, Korean 입을 열다/눈을 뜨다, Swahili -fungua mdomo. Deut 15:8, 11 'you shall open your hand wide', Judg 3:25 'he did not open the doors', Job 31:32 'I opened my doors to the traveler', Ps 38:13 'I do not open my mouth'. Multilingual glosses do not distinguish this from sense 1, but the body-part object warrants separate tracking. 13×
AR["أَفتَحُ","أَفْتَحُ","تَفتَح","تَفْتَحُ","فاتِحاً","فَاتِحٌ","فَتْحًا","مَنْ-يَفْتَحُ","يَفْتَحُ","يَفْتَحُ-"]·ben["উন্মোচকারী","খুলছি","খুলছে","খুলতাম","খোলা","খোলার","খোলি","খোলে","খোলেন","তুমি-খোল","সে-খোলে-"]·DE["Eingang","oeffnete","opening","öffnete"]·EN["I-open","You-open","he-opens","one-opening","opening","opens"]·FR["entrée","opening","ouvrant","ouvrir"]·heb["אפתח","אפתח-","יפתח-","פותח","פתוח","תפתח"]·HI["खोलता-था-मैं","खोलता-हुआ","खोलता-है","खोलता-है-","खोलते-हुए","खोलने-वाला","खोलने-वाला-हूँ","खोलनेवाला","तू-खोलता-है","मैंने-खोला"]·ID["Engkau-membuka","aku buka","ia-membuka","membuka","yang-membuka"]·IT["apri'","aprire","ingresso","opening"]·jav["Ingkang-mbikak","Panjenengan-mbikak","ingkang-mbikak","kula-bikak","mbikak","mbukak"]·KO["내가-열었다","당신-이-여시도다","여는","여는-것이면","여는-자가","여는도다-내가","여는자이다","여시다","열도다","열지-"]·PT["Abres","abre","abres","abria","abrindo","abrirá-","abro","quem-abra","quem-abra;"]·RU["Я","откроет-","открываешь","открываешь-Ты","открывал-я","открываю","открывающего","открывающий","открывая"]·ES["Abres","Ciertamente-abrir","abre","abres","abriendo","abrirá-","abro","ciertamente-abrir","quien-abra"]·SW["anayefungua","fungui-","kufungua","nilifungua","ninafungua","unafungua"]·TR["acan","açacağım","açan","açar-","açarsın","açarım-","açmak","açtım","açıyorum"]·urd["تُو-کھولتا-ہے","میں کھولتا ہوں","کھولتا","کھولتا-","کھولتا-ہوں","کھولتا-ہے","کھولنا","کھولنے-والا","کھولنے-والا-ہوں"]
Deut 15:8, Deut 15:11, Judg 3:25, Job 31:32, Ps 38:13, Ps 39:9, Ps 104:28, Ps 145:16, Prov 24:7, Isa 22:22, Jer 13:19, Ezek 25:9 (+1 more)
▼ 9 more senses below
Senses
1. open (Qal transitive) — Qal transitive 'open' (67×) is the basic sense: opening a physical object—door, gate, window, sack, container, book, mouth. Arabic فَتَحَ, Korean 열다, Swahili -fungua, Spanish abrir. Genesis examples: Noah 'opened the window' (8:6), 'the LORD opened her womb' (29:31, 30:22), Joseph 'opened all the storehouses' (41:56), brothers 'opened their sacks' (42:27). Also eyes (2 Kgs 6:17), prison (Acts 5:19), book (Neh 8:5). 67×
AR["أفْتَح","أَفتَحُ","أَفْتَحُ","تَفْتَحْ","فَ-فَتَحَ","فَتَحَ","فَفَتَحَ","فَفَتَحَهَا","وَ-فَتَحَ","وَفَتَحَ","يَفْتَحْ"]·ben["আমি-খুলব","আর-খুলল","আর-খুললেন","এবং-খুললেন","এবং-তিনি-খুললেন","খুলব","খুলব-আমি","খুলল","খুললেন","খুলেছেন","খোলেনি"]·DE["Eingang","er-oeffnete","oeffnen","oeffnete","und-er-oeffnete","und-oeffnete","und-öffnete","öffnete"]·EN["I-shall-open","I-will-open","and-he-opened","and-opened","has-opened","he-opened","opened"]·FR["entrée","et-il-ouvrit","et-ouvrir","et-ouvrit","il-ouvrit","ouvrir"]·heb["אפתח","ו-יפתח","ו-פתח","פתח"]·HI["और-उसने-खोले","और-खोला","खोला","खोलूँगा","खोलूँगा-मैं","खोलूंगा","मैं-खोलूंगा","वय्यिप्तख"]·ID["Aku-akan-membuka","Dan-membukakanlah","aku akan membuka","dan-dia-membuka","dan-ia-membuka","dan-membuka","dan-membukalah","membuka"]·IT["apri'","aprire","e-apri","e-aprire","e-aprì","e-egli-aprì","egli-aprì"]·jav["Ingsun-badh駰uka","Kawula-badhé-mbikak","Lajeng-mbikak","Lan-mbikak","kawicaksanan","kula-bikak","lan-Panjenenganipun-mbikak","lan-mbikak","lan-mbukak","mbikak"]·KO["그래서-그가-열었다","그리고-여셨다","그리고-열었다","그리하여-펼다","내가-열겠다","내가-열리라","열었다","열었도다","풀리이다"]·PT["Abriu","E-abriu","abrirei","abriu","e-abriu"]·RU["И-открыл","Открыл","и-отверз","и-открыл","открою","открою-я","открыл","открыли","отпускал"]·ES["Y-abrió","abriré","abrió","y-abrió"]·SW["Amefungua","Na-akafungua","Nitafungua","akafungua","alifungua","fungua","kwenda","na-akafungua","nitafumbua","nitafungua"]·TR["Acacagim","Ve-açtı","acti","açacağım","açtı","seninle","ve-açtı"]·urd["اور-کھولا","اور-کھولی","اور-کھولے","میں کھولوں گا","میں-کھولوں-گا","کھولا"]
2. be opened (Nifal passive) — Nifal passive 'be opened' (14×) is the straightforward passive: doors, gates, heavens, eyes, or ears being opened. Arabic اِنْفَتَحَ, Korean 열리다, Swahili -funguliwa, Spanish ser-abierto/abrirse. Gen 7:11 'the windows of heaven were opened', Neh 7:3 'until the sun is hot, let not the gates be opened', Isa 24:18 'the windows on high are opened', Job 12:14 'whom He shuts up cannot be opened'. 14×
AR["انْفَتَحَتْ","اِنْفَتَحَتِ","تُفْتَحُ","مَفْتُوحٌ","وَٱنْفَتَحَ","يُفتَحُ","يُفْتَحُ"]·ben["আর-খুলেছিল","খুলা","খুলে-গেল","খোলা-হবে","খোলা-হয়েছে","খোলা-হল","তা-খোলা-হবে"]·DE["oeffnen","oeffnete","und-oeffnen","wurden-geöffnet"]·EN["and-was-opened","are-opened","it-is-opened","it-shall-be-opened","let-be-opened","opened","shall-be-opened","were-opened"]·FR["et-ouvrir","ouvrir","étaient-ouvrit"]·heb["ו-יפתח","ייפתח","יפתחו","נפתח","נפתחו"]·HI["करते-हो","खुल-गई","खुल-गए","खुलती-है","खुला-हुआ","खुले","खोला-जाएगा","खोला-जाता","खोले-गए","खोले-जाएं"]·ID["akan-dibuka","dan-dibuka","dibuka","dibuka,","terbuka","terbuka-lebar","terbukalah","yang-terbuka"]·IT["aprire","e-aprire","furono-aprì"]·jav["badhe-kabikak","dipun-bikak","kabikak","lan-kabikak","sami-kabikak"]·KO["그리고-열렸다","열려지라","열렸다","열렸으니","열리도다","열리리라","열리지-않을-것이다","열린","열린다","열릴-것이다"]·PT["aberta","aberto","abram","abriram-se","e-foi-aberta","estão-abertos","foram-abertas","será-aberta","será-aberto","são-abertos"]·RU["будут-открываться","и-отверзлись","отворены","отворились","откроется","откроются","открывается","открылись","открытый"]·ES["abierta","abiertas","abierto","fueron-abiertas","se-abren","se-abrieron","se-abrirá","se-abrirán","será-abierta","será-abierto.","y-fue-abierta"]·SW["funguliwe","haijafunguliwa","haitafunguliwa","imefunguliwa","litafunguliwa","na-kifunguliwa","utafunguliwa","yalifunguliwa","yamefunguliwa","zilifunguliwa"]·TR["acildi","açılacak","açıldı","açılmayan","açılmış","açılsın","açılır","ve-açıldı"]·urd["اور-کھلا","کھل-گئیں","کھلا-ہوا","کھلے","کھلے-گا","کھول-دیے-گئے","کھولا-جائے-گا","کھولتا","کھولی گئی","کھولے-جائیں-گے","کھولے-گئے","کھولے-گا"]
3. loose / untie (Piel) — Piel 'loose, untie' (14×) is intensive/factitive: loosening bonds, fetters, sackcloth, or a belt—distinct from mere 'opening'. Arabic حَلَّ/فَكَّ, Korean 풀다, Spanish soltar/desatar, Swahili -fungua (in sense of 'untie'). Gen 24:32: Laban 'loosed the camels', Job 12:18 'He looses the bonds of kings', Job 30:11 'He has loosed my cord', Job 38:31 'or loose the cords of Orion?', Ps 116:16 'You have loosed my bonds'. 14×
AR["أَفُكُّ","تَحُلُّ؟","تَفَتَّحَ","حَلَلتَ","حَلَّ","فَكَكْتَ","فَكَّ؟","فَكُّ","كَ-ال-مُنْحَلِّ","وَانْزِعِ","وَحَلَّ","يَشُقُّ","يَفُكُّ","يَفْتَحُ؟"]·ben["আমি-খুলে-দেব","এবং-খুলল","ও-খোল","খুলল","খুলেছে","খোলা","তিনি-খোলেন","তুমি-খুলতে-পারো","তুমি-খুলেছ","ফাটায়","যে-খোলে-তার-মতো"]·DE["er-oeffnet","oeffnen","oeffnete","und-oeffnen","und-sattelte-ab","wie-eins-loosing","öffnete"]·EN["I-will-loose","You-have-loosened","and-loosen","and-ungirded","can-open","can-you-loosen","has-loosed","he-loosed","he-opens","like-one-loosing","opened","to-loose","you-have-loosed"]·FR["comme-un-loosing","entrée","et-ouvrir","et-ungirded","ouvrir","s'est-ouvert"]·heb["אפתח","ו-יפתח","ו-פתחת","יפתח","כ-מפתח","פיתח","פתח","פתחת","תפתח"]·HI["और-खोल","और-खोला","खिला","खोल-दिए","खोलता-है","खोलना","खोलने-वाले-के-समान","खोला","खोला-तूने","खोलूंगा","खोले","तू-खोल-सकता-है"]·ID["Aku-melepaskan","Engkau-melepaskan","Ia-membuka","dan-lepaskanlah","dan-melepaskan-pelana","engkau buka","ia buka","ia-membuka","melepaskan","membuka","seperti-yang-melepaskan","telah-mekar"]·IT["apri'","aprira","aprire","come-uno-loosing","e-aprire","e-ungirded"]·jav["Ingsun-badhé-mbikak","Lan-ngewangi","Ngeculaken","Paduka-sampun-mbikak","Panjenengan-sampun-mbikak","ingkang-saged-bikak?","kados-ingkang-mucal","lan-uculna","mbikak","panjenengan-ngeculaken","sampun-mbikak"]·KO["그가-열고","그리고-풀라","그리고-풀었다","네가-풀겠느냐","열렸는지","열었느냐","푸는-자-처럼","풀라","풀리라","풀시는다","풀어주셨돀다","풀었고","풀었느냐","풀으셨나이다"]·PT["E-desatou","abrir","abrirá","abriu","abriu?","como-desatando","desatarei","desataste","e-solta","podes-abrir?","solta","soltaste","soltou"]·RU["Ты-развязал","взрыхляет","и-расседлал","и-сними","как-снимающий","откроет","развяжешь","развяжу","развязал","развязать","развязывает","раскрылся"]·ES["Soltar","abre","abrió","como-el-que-se-desciñe","desata,","desataré","desataste","puedes-soltar","soltaste","soltó","y-desató","y-suelta"]·SW["Je-anavunja","alifungua","alivifungua","anafungua","atafungua","kama-anayevua","kufungua","na-akafungua","na-ufungue","umefungua","utafungua","yamefunguka"]·TR["acar","acmak-","acti","açabilir-misin","açtı","açtın","cozmek","ve-coz","ve-çözdü","çözdü","çözdün","çözer","çıkaran-gibi"]·urd["اور-مجھے ذلیل کیا","اور-کھول","اور-کھولے","تو کھولے گا","تُو-نے-کھولا","میں-کھولوں-گا","کھلی-ہے","کھول-دِیے-تُو-نے","کھولا","کھولتا-ہے","کھولنا","کھولنے-والے-کی-طرح","کھولے"]
4. open (Qal passive participle: standing open) — Qal passive participle 'open, standing open' (13×) describes a state of openness—adjectival. Arabic مَفْتُوح, Korean 열린, Swahili wazi, Spanish abierto/a. Num 19:15 'every open vessel', Josh 8:17 'they left the city open', 1 Kgs 8:29, 52 'that Your eyes may be open', 2 Chr 6:20, 40, 7:15. Also Neh 1:6, Isa 45:8, Ezek 46:1. Distinct from active verb by stative adjectival force. 13×
AR["فَتْحًا","مَفتوحٌ","مَفتوحَةً","مَفْتوحَةٌ","مَفْتُوحٌ","مَفْتُوحٍ","مَفْتُوحَتَيْنِ"]·ben["খোলা","খোলা-"]·DE["oeffnen","oeffnete","öffnete"]·EN["open","opened","wide-open"]·FR["ouvrir","ouvrit"]·heb["פתוח","פתוחה","פתוחות","פתוחות","פתחות"]·HI["खुला","खुला-हुआ","खुली","खुली-हुई"]·ID["terbuka","yang-terbuka"]·IT["apri'","aprire","aprì"]·jav["ingkang-kabikak","ingkang-menga","kabikak","menga"]·KO["열려","열린","열린-채로","활짝"]·PT["aberta","abertamente","aberto","abertos"]·RU["настежь","открыт","открытое","открыты","открытый","открытым","открытыми"]·ES["abierta","abiertas","abierto","abiertos"]·SW["iliyofunguliwa","kilichofunguliwa","kufunguka","lililo-wazi","wazi","yakiwa-wazi"]·TR["açık"]·urd["کھلا","کھلی","کھلی تھی","کھلی-ہوئی","کھلے"]
Num 19:15, Josh 8:17, 1 Kgs 8:29, 1 Kgs 8:52, 2 Chr 6:20, 2 Chr 6:40, 2 Chr 7:15, Neh 1:6, Neh 6:5, Job 29:19, Ps 5:9, Jer 5:16 (+1 more)
6. set free / release (Piel) — Piel 'set free, release' (6×) extends the 'loose' sense to persons: liberating captives or prisoners. Arabic أَطْلَقَ, Korean 놓아주다/풀어주다, Spanish liberar/soltar. Ps 102:20 'to release those appointed to death', Ps 105:20 'the king sent and released him', Isa 51:14 'the exile hastens to be loosed', Isa 60:11 'your gates shall be open continually'. Context of captivity or bondage distinguishes this from generic 'loose'. 6×
AR["أَطْلَقْتُكَ","تُفْتَحْ","لِـ-يُفَكَّ","لِيُطلِقَ","وَ-تُفْتَحُ","وَ-فَكَّهُ"]·ben["-এবং-খোলা-থাকবে","এবং-তাকে-খুলে-দিলেন","খুলে-দিয়েছি-তোমাকে","খোলা-ছিল","মুক্ত-করতে","মুক্ত-হবে"]·DE["oeffnen","und-oeffnet","und-öffnete","zu-öffnete"]·EN["I-have-released-you","and-set-him-free","and-will-be-opened","to-be-released","to-set-free","was-opened"]·FR["et-ouvrir","ouvrir","à-l'entrée","à-ouvrir"]·heb["ו-יפתחהו","ו-פתחו","ל-היפתח","ל-פתוח","פתחה","פתחתיך"]·HI["और-उसे-स्वतन्त्र-किया","और-खुले-रहेंगे","खोला-गया","खोला-जाएगा","छुड़ाने-के-लिए","मैंने-खोला-तुझे"]·ID["Dan-akan-terbuka","akan-dilepaskan","aku-melepaskan-kamu","dan-membebaskan-nya","terbuka","untuk-membebaskan"]·IT["apri'","aprire","e-apri'","e-aprite"]·jav["Ingsun-ngluwari-panjenengan","Lan-dipunbikak","kabikak","lan-dipunbebasakén","supados-dipunluwari","supados-ngluwari"]·KO["그리고-그-를-놓아주셨도다","그리고-열릴-것이다","내가-풀어주었다-너를","열렸느니라","풀려나려고","풀어주려고"]·PT["E-estarão-abertos","e-o-libertou","foi-aberto","para-libertar","para-ser-solto","soltei-te"]·RU["будет-освобождён","и-откроются","и-отпустил-его","освободил-я-тебя","освободить","открылось"]·ES["Y-estarán-abiertas","para-ser-soltado","para-soltar","se-abrió","te-he-soltado","y-lo-liberó"]·SW["akamwacha-huru","atafunguliwa","funguliwa","kuwaachilia","na-zitafunguliwa","nimekufungua"]·TR["Ve-acilacak","acildi","kurtarmak-için","serbest-birakilacak","serbest-bıraktım-seni","ve-serbest-bıraktı-onu"]·urd["اور-اُسے-کھولا","اور-کھلے-رہیں-گے","رہا-کیا-جائے-گا","میں-نے-کھول-دیا-تجھے","چھڑانے-کے-لیے","کھولا-گیا"]
7. open wide / break forth (Qal/Nifal intransitive) — Qal/Nifal intransitive 'open wide, break forth' (4×) describes something opening or bursting open intransitively—no external agent. Korean 터지다/열리다, Swahili -funguka. Ps 106:17 'the earth opened and swallowed', Isa 35:5 'the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped', Isa 45:8 'let the earth open', Jer 1:14 'Out of the north disaster shall break forth'. Multilingual evidence shows intransitive force. 4×
AR["انفَتَحَت-","تَنْفَتِحُ","لِتَنْفَتِحِ-"]·ben["খুলল","খুলে-দিক-","খোলা-হবে","ছড়িয়ে-পড়বে"]·DE["oeffnen","öffnete"]·EN["let-open","opened","shall-be-unstopped","shall-break-forth"]·FR["ouvrir"]·heb["תיפתח","תיפתחנה","תפתח","תפתח-"]·HI["खुल-जाए-","खुली-","खुलेगी","खोले-जाएंगे"]·ID["akan-dibuka","biarlah-terbuka-","terbuka"]·IT["apri'","aprire"]·jav["Bumi-menga","Mugi-mbikak-","badhe-kabikak","dipun-bikak"]·KO["열렸으니","열리라-","열릴-것이다","터지리라"]·PT["Abriu-se","abra-se-","abrirá","se-destaparão"]·RU["Разверзлась-","откроется","откроются","пусть-откроется-"]·ES["Se-abrió","se-abrirá","serán-destapados","ábrase-"]·SW["ifunguke-","ilifunguka","itafunguliwa","yatafunguliwa"]·TR["acilacak","acilsin-","açılacak","açıldı-"]·urd["کھل-جائے-","کھلیں-گے","کھلے-گی","کھُلی"]
8. loose oneself (Hitpael reflexive) — Hitpael reflexive 'loose oneself' (2×) is the reflexive counterpart of Piel: freeing oneself from bonds. Arabic اِنْحَلِّي, Korean 풀라/풀어라. Isa 52:2 'Loose yourself from the chains of your neck, O captive daughter of Zion' (both Ketiv and Qere). Very rare; the gloss apparatus shows textual variant but confirms reflexive sense. 2×
AR["(انْحَلِّي)","[انْحَلِّي]"]·ben["(খোল)","[খোলো]"]·DE["oeffnen"]·EN["[ketiv:loose-yourselves]","loose-yourself"]·FR["ouvrir"]·heb["התפתחו","התפתחי"]·HI["खोलो","यरूशलेम"]·ID["[Q1]","lepaskanlah"]·IT["aprire"]·jav["[uculna]","uculna"]·KO["풀라"]·PT["(solta-te)","[Qere]"]·RU["(развяжи)","[(развязались)]"]·ES["(suéltate)","[Qere]"]·SW["jifungulie","k"]·TR["(coz)","[cozun]"]·urd["کھول"]
9. draw (a sword) — Qal 'draw (a sword)' (2×) is a specialized sense: unsheathing a sword from its scabbard. Arabic سَلَّ, Korean 빼다, Spanish desenvainada/desenvainaron, Swahili -chomoa. Ps 37:14 'The wicked have drawn the sword', Ezek 21:28 'A sword, a sword is drawn'. Multilingual glosses clearly distinguish this from generic 'open' by using specific 'draw' vocabulary. 2×
AR["سَلَّ","مَفْتُوحٌ"]·ben["খুলেছে","খোলা"]·DE["oeffnen","öffnete"]·EN["drawn","have-drawn"]·FR["ouvrir"]·heb["פתוחה","פתחו"]·HI["खींची-है","खुली-हुई"]·ID["terhunus"]·IT["apri'","aprire"]·jav["dipun-bikak","sampun-dipun-undhut"]·KO["빼었도다","열렸다"]·PT["desembainhada","desembainharam"]·RU["извлекли","отполированный"]·ES["desenvainada","desenvainaron"]·SW["umefutwa","wamechomoa"]·TR["açılmış","çektiler"]·urd["نکالی","کھولی-ہوئی-ہے"]
10. sense 10 — One uncertain occurrence in Isa 5:27 translated 'loosed' or 'loosened'—possibly Nifal 'is loosened' referring to a belt or bond. Korean, Spanish, German glosses suggest passive 'be loosed'. Context: 'nor is the belt of their waist loosened'. This may belong to sense 3 (Piel loose) or sense 2 (Nifal be opened), but textual or contextual uncertainty justifies separate tracking. 1×
AR["يَنفَكُّ"]·ben["খোলা-হবে"]·DE["oeffnen"]·EN["is-loosened"]·FR["ouvrir"]·heb["ניפתח"]·HI["खुलता"]·ID["terlepas"]·IT["aprire"]·jav["dipunuculi"]·KO["풀어졌다"]·PT["se-abre"]·RU["расстёгивается"]·ES["se-desatará"]·SW["haitafunguka"]·TR["acilmis"]·urd["کھلتی"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. פָּתַח vb. open (NH id.; Ph. פתח; Assyrian pitû, patû; Sab. פתח OsZMG xix (1865), 197; Arabic فَتَحَ; Ethiopic ፈትሐ;; Aramaic פְּתַח, ܦܬܰܚ; Nab. Palm. פתח);— Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ 2 K 15:16 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְתַּח Ex 21:33 +; 3 mpl. sf. יִפְתָּחוּם Ne 13:19, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּתַח 2 K 13:17 +; fs. פִּתְחִי Ct 5:2; mpl. פִּתְחוּ Jos 10:22 +; Inf. abs. פָּתֹחַ Dt 15:8 +; cstr. לִפְתֹּחַ Ez…