H6161 H6161
Pledge, token, or surety; something exchanged as guarantee or proof
This noun refers to something given or exchanged as a guarantee or token. In 1 Samuel 17:18, Jesse asks David to bring back a 'pledge' from his brothers at the battlefront—some token proving they're well. In Proverbs 17:18, it describes the pledge or surety given when someone guarantees another's debt. The term encompasses both the commercial practice of pledging security and the personal practice of providing tokens of welfare or good faith.
Senses
1. sense 1 — A feminine noun meaning pledge, token, or surety. The multilingual evidence shows two contexts: commercial/legal ('fianza,' 'gage'—surety, pledge) and personal ('prenda suya,' 'token of welfare'). Both involve exchange as guarantee: Jesse wants proof his sons are safe; Proverbs warns against becoming financially responsible for others. The underlying concept is something concrete exchanged to represent commitment, safety, or obligation. 2×
AR["رَهْنِهِمْ", "ضَمانَةً"]·ben["জামিন", "তাদের-জামিন"]·DE["[ערבה]", "pledge-ihr"]·EN["pledge", "pledge-their"]·FR["gage-leur", "ערבה"]·heb["ערובה", "ערובת-ם"]·HI["उनक-बिन", "जमानत"]·ID["jaminan", "jaminan-mereka"]·IT["pledge", "pledge-loro"]·jav["jaminan", "tanda-ipun"]·KO["그들의-담보물을", "보증을"]·PT["fiadores", "sua-garantia"]·RU["залог-их", "залогом"]·ES["fianza", "prenda-suya"]·SW["ahadi-yao", "mdhamini"]·TR["işaretlerini", "kefaleten"]·urd["اُن-کی-نشانی", "ضمانت"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† עֲרֻבָּה n.f. thing exchanged, pledge, token;—sf. עֲרֻבָּתָם 1 S 17:18 = a token from them, i.e. response, token of welfare, Th Dr al.; abs. as acc. cogn. עָרַב ע׳ Pr 17:18 give a pledge.