H4830 H4830
Pasturage or flock; always figurative in Scripture for God's people as the sheep he tends and protects.
A feminine noun meaning pasturing, pasturage, or (by metonymy) flock. In every biblical occurrence it appears figuratively: Israel is 'the sheep of his pasture' (Ps 95:7; 100:3), and the prophets lament when God's flock is scattered (Jer 23:1). The word always carries a possessive suffix, emphasizing the covenant bond between shepherd and sheep. In one striking instance (Jer 10:21), the term shifts from the place of grazing to the animals themselves -- 'their flock is scattered' -- a metonymy confirmed across languages (eng 'their-flock,' spa 'rebano-su').
Senses
1. pasturage, pasture (figurative for God's people) — Pasturage or pasture in a figurative sense, denoting God's people as the flock under his care. The pronominal suffixes ('my pasture,' 'your pasture,' 'his pasture') always tie the image to the divine Shepherd. Psalms 74:1 and 79:13 use 'sheep of your pasture' in lament, while Psalm 95:7 and 100:3 use it in worship. Multilingual glosses consistently render the pastoral metaphor: spa 'pasto,' fra 'paturage,' reinforcing the shepherding image rather than literal grazing land. 9×
AR["كَمَرعاهُم", "مَرْعاكَ", "مَرْعَاكَ", "مَرْعَاهُ", "مَرْعَاهُمْ", "مَرْعَايَ"]·ben["-তাদের-চরণভূমি", "আমার-চরণীর", "আমার-চারণভূমির", "চরণভূমি-তাদের", "তাঁর-চরণভূমির", "তাদের-চরানোতে", "তোমার-চরণভূমির", "তোমার-চরানোজমির।"]·DE["[כמרעיתם]", "[מרעיתי]", "[מרעיתם]", "dein-Weide", "sein-Weide"]·EN["Your-pasture", "according-to-their-pasture", "his-pasture", "my-pasture", "their-pasture"]·FR["[מרעיתי]", "[מרעיתם]", "de-pâturage", "pâturage"]·heb["כ-מרעיתם", "מרעיתו", "מרעיתי", "מרעיתך", "מרעיתם"]·HI["उनकी-चराई-को", "उनकी-चरागाह", "उसकी-चरागाह-के", "जब-वे-चरे", "तेरी-चरागाह-की", "भेड़", "मेरी-चराई-की"]·ID["gembalaan-Ku", "gembalaan-Ku,", "gembalaan-Mu", "gembalaan-Nya", "padang-rumput-mereka"]·IT["[כמרעיתם]", "[מרעיתי]", "[מרעיתם]", "il-suo-pascolo", "pascolo"]·jav["miturut-pangonan", "panggènan-ipun", "pangonan-Ku", "pangonan-Kula", "pangonan-Panjenengan", "pangonan-ipun", "pangonanipun"]·KO["그-의-목장-의", "그들의-목장을", "그들의-목장이라", "그들의-목초지대로", "나의-목장의", "내-목장의", "당신-의-목장", "당신-의-목장-의"]·PT["Conforme-pasto-deles", "de-Seu-pasto", "de-teu-pasto", "meu-pasto", "pastagem-minha", "seu-pasto", "sua-pastagem"]·RU["пажити-Его", "пастбища-Его", "пастбища-Моего", "пастбища-Твоего", "пастбище-их", "по-пастбищам-их"]·ES["conforme-a-su-pasto", "mi-pasto,", "pasto-de-ti", "pasto-mío", "su-pasto", "su-prado", "tu-pasto"]·SW["kulingana-na-malisho-yao", "malisho-yake", "malisho-yako", "malisho-yangu", "malisho-yao", "wa-malisho-yake", "wa-malisho-yako", "wa-malisho-yangu"]·TR["otlaklaridir", "otlaklarına-göre", "otlaklarını", "otlağımın", "otlağının"]·urd["اُس-کی-چراگاہ-کی", "اُن-کی-چراگاہ", "تیری-چراگاہ-کی", "جب-اُنہوں-نے-چرایا", "میری-چراگاہ-کی", "چراگاہ-ان-کی", "چراگاہ-میری-کی"]
2. flock (metonymy for pastured animals) — By metonymy, the flock itself -- the pastured animals rather than the place of pasture. In Jeremiah 10:21, the shepherds have become senseless and 'their flock is scattered,' where the shift from location to living beings is confirmed by English 'their-flock' and Spanish 'rebano-su.' This is a natural semantic extension: the place of pasturing comes to stand for what is pastured there. 1×
AR["رَعِيَّتِهِمْ"]·ben["পাল-তাদের"]·DE["[מרעיתם]"]·EN["their-flock"]·FR["[מרעיתם]"]·heb["מרעיתם"]·HI["उनका-झुण्ड"]·ID["kawanan-mereka"]·IT["[מרעיתם]"]·jav["pepanthané"]·KO["그들의-양떼이"]·PT["seu-rebanho"]·RU["стадо-их"]·ES["rebaño-su"]·SW["mifugo-yao"]·TR["sürüleri"]·urd["اُن-کا-ریوڑ"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [מַרְעִית] n.f. pasturing, shepherding, pasturage (always fig.);—sf. מַרְעִיתִי Je 23:1 Ez 34:31, מַרְעִיתֶ֑ךָ ψ 74:1; 79:13, etc.;— 1. pasturing, shepherding, צֹאן מַרְעִיתִי, of Isr. as flock of י׳, Je 23:1; Ez 34:31, cf. ψ 74:1; 79:13; 100:3 + 95:7 (read צ׳ מ׳ וְעֶם יָדוֹ, cf. Hup-Now Che). 2. pastureage, Ho 13:6 (Now כִּרְעוֹתָם), Is 49:9 Je 25:36. 3. by meton. = flock Je 10:21.