H4171 H4171
To exchange, substitute, or replace; in Nifal, to be changed — swapping one thing for another, often with grave consequences.
At its core this verb means to exchange or substitute one thing for another, and nearly every occurrence carries a note of warning or loss. Israel exchanged their Glory for worthless idols (Psalm 106:20; Jeremiah 2:11), a charge so shocking that God asks whether any nation has ever done such a thing. In Leviticus 27 the Hifil governs sacrificial law: an animal dedicated to the Lord must not be substituted — 'he shall not exchange it' (לֹא יְמִירֶנּוּ). Spanish 'cambiar' and French 'changer' both render the active exchange, while the single Nifal in Jeremiah 48:11 describes Moab's undisturbed character that 'has not been changed,' like wine left long on its sediment.
Senses
1. exchange or substitute — To exchange, substitute, or replace one thing for another (Hifil). Leviticus 27:10 and 27:33 legislate against substituting a sacrificial animal — Spanish 'cambia' and English 'exchanges' reflect the deliberate act of swapping. Psalm 106:20 delivers a devastating indictment: 'they exchanged their Glory for the image of a grass-eating ox.' Hosea 4:7 warns that God will exchange their glory for shame. The sense always implies a transaction, whether cultic, covenantal, or moral. 14×
AR["أُبَدِّلُ","إِبْدَالًا","عِنْدَ-تَغَيُّرِ","غَيَّرَ","هَلْ-غَيَّرَ","وَ-أَبدَلوا","يُبَدِّلُ","يُبَدِّلُهُ","يُغَيِّرُ"]·ben["এবং-তারা-বদলে-নিল","পরিবর্তন-করব","পরিবর্তন-করবে","পরিবর্তন-করবে-তাকে;","পরিবর্তন-করে","পরিবর্তন-করে-তাকে,","পরিবর্তন-করেছে","পরিবর্তন-করেছে-কি","পরিবর্তনকারী","বিনিময়-করবে","মধ্যে-পরিবর্তন","সে-বদলায়"]·DE["[אמיר]","[ההימיר]","[המיר]","[ימיר]","[ימר]","er-soll-substitute","er-soll-substitute-es","er-substitutes","er-substitutes-es","substituting","tut-change","und-sie-exchanged","wann-changes"]·EN["Has-exchanged","He-exchanges","I-will-exchange","and-they-exchanged","does-change","has-exchanged","he-shall-exchange","he-shall-substitute","he-shall-substitute-it","he-substitutes","he-substitutes-it","substituting","when-changes"]·FR["[ההימיר]","[המיר]","changer","dans-changer","et-changer","il-devra-substitute","il-devra-substitute-cela","il-substitutes","il-substitutes-cela","substituant","échanger"]·heb["אמיר","ב-המיר","ה-המיר","המיר","המר","ו-ימירו","ימיר","ימירנו"]·HI["अदला करते-हुए","अदला करेगा","अदला करेगा उसे","और-उन्होंने-बदला","क्या-बदलती-है","बदलता-है","बदला","बदलूँगा","बदलेंगे","में-बदल"]·ID["Aku-akan-tukar","Apakah-menukar","Dia-menukar","akan-menukar","boleh-ia-mengganti","boleh-ia-menukar","dan-mereka-menukar","hewan","ia-mengganti","ia-menukar","maka-jadilah","mengubah","telah-menukar"]·IT["[אמיר]","[ההימיר]","[המיר]","[ימיר]","[ימר]","e-scambio'","egli-dovra-substitute","egli-dovra-substitute-esso","egli-substitutes","egli-substitutes-esso","scambio'","substituting"]·jav["Kawula-ganti","Lan-sami-nglintoni","badhé-kagantos","ijol","menapa-nate-nggantos","nalika-ewah","nggantos","nggantosi","ngijol","ngijol-piyambakipun,","ngijol-piyambakipun;","sampun-nggantos"]·KO["-변할-때","그리고-바꾸었나이다","대체하면","대체할것이다","대체할것이다-그것을","바꾸-것이다","바꾸겠다","바꾼다","바꿤느냐","바꿤다","변하지"]·PT["E-trocaram","Trocou","muda","quando-mudar","substitui-lo-á","substituir","substituirá","troca","trocarei","trocará","trocou"]·RU["И-поменяли","Разве-менял","когда-сотрясается","меняет","менять-будет","менять-его","меняя","обменяют","обращу","поменяет","поменяет-его","поменял"]·ES["Y-cambiaron","cambia","cambiaré","de-cierto","en-cambiar","ha-cambiado","lo-sustituirá","lo-sustituyere","permutará","sustituirá","sustituyere","¿Ha-cambiado"]·SW["anabadilisha","atabadilisha","atambadilisha","badilisha","inapobadilika","je-taifa-limebadili","kubadilisha","na-wakabadilisha","nitaubadilisha","wamebadili"]·TR["-değişince","[soru]değiştirdi-mi","değiştirdi","değiştirecek","değiştirecek-onu","değiştireceğim","değiştirir","değiştirirse","değiştirme-","ve-değiştirdiler"]·urd["اور-وہ-بدل-گئے","بدلتا-ہے","بدلنے-میں","بدلوں-گا","بدلی","بدلیں-گے","تبدیل-کرے","تبدیل-کرے-اُسے","تبدیل-کرے-گا","تبدیل-کرے-گا-اُسے","تبدیلی","وہ-بدلتا","کیا-بدلی"]
2. be changed — To be changed or altered (Nifal passive). Jeremiah 48:11 compares Moab to wine undisturbed on its lees: 'his taste has not been changed' (לֹא נָמָר). Spanish 'ha cambiado' preserves the passive voice. This sole Nifal occurrence shifts from the active will of an exchanger to the state of remaining unaltered — Moab has never gone into exile, so its character is unchanged. 1×
AR["تَتَغَيَّرْ"]·ben["পরিবর্তিত-হয়েছে"]·DE["[נמר]"]·EN["has-changed"]·FR["[נמר]"]·heb["נמר"]·HI["बदली"]·ID["berubah"]·IT["[נמר]"]·jav["éwah"]·KO["변하였다"]·PT["mudou"]·RU["изменился"]·ES["ha-cambiado"]·SW["badilika"]·TR["değişti"]·urd["بدلی"]
Related Senses
H5921a 1. upon, on, over (spatial) (5443×)H0413 1. directional: to, toward (5366×)H1121a 1. son, male offspring, descendant (4914×)H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)H4428 1. king, human ruler (2518×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)H6440 1. before, in front of (spatial) (1870×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H3027 1. physical hand (body part) (1596×)H1697 1. word, speech, utterance (1235×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [מוּר] vb. change (NH id., Hiph.; Arabic مَارَ (med. ו) is move to and fro (intransitive); مَارَ (med. י) procure food, Aramaic ܡܳܪ buy or import food, NöZMG xl. 1886, 154);— Niph. Pf. נָמָ֑ר (as if from מרר) be changed, Je 48:11 subj. רֵיחוֹ (of wine, fig. of Moab); Hiph. Pf. הֵמִיר Je 2:11; on הַהֵימִיר ib., v. Köi. 457; Impf. יָמִיר ψ 15:4 + 3 times; juss. יָמֵר Ez 48:14; sf. יְמִירֶנּוּ Lv…