H3871 H3871
Tablet (esp. the stone tablets of the covenant) or board/plank used in construction and shipbuilding.
Most famously, this word denotes the stone tablets on which God inscribed the Ten Commandments -- 'tablets of the covenant' (Deut 9:9, 11) or 'tablets of stone' (Exod 24:12; 31:18). The word appears some thirty-plus times in Exodus and Deuteronomy for these inscribed slabs. Spanish 'tablas,' French 'tables,' and German 'Tafeln' all preserve the flat writing-surface sense. Beyond the covenant tablets, the same word extends to any flat board or plank: the hollow boards of the altar (Exod 27:8; 38:7), the decorative panels of Solomon's stands (1 Kgs 7:36), cedar planks used as a metaphor for the beloved (Song 8:9), and the ship-planks of Tyre's vessels (Ezek 27:5). Proverbs and Jeremiah also use 'tablet' figuratively for the human heart as a writing surface (Prov 3:3; 7:3; Jer 17:1).
Senses
1. tablet for writing — A flat tablet for writing, especially the stone tablets bearing the Decalogue. Dominates usage in Exodus (24:12; 31:18; 32:15-16, 19; 34:1-4, 28-29) and Deuteronomy (4:13; 5:22; 9:9-17; 10:1-5). Also used metaphorically of the heart as a writing surface (Prov 3:3; 7:3; Jer 17:1) and of a prophet's tablet for public display (Isa 30:8; Hab 2:2). Spanish 'tablas de,' French 'tables de,' and German 'Tafeln von' consistently convey inscribed slabs. 38×
AR["-","أَلواحٌ","أَلواحِ","الشَّهادَةِ","الْحِجَارَةِ","الْعَهْدِ","حَجَرَينِ","لَوحَي","لَوْحَيِ","لَوْحَيْ"]·ben["পাথরের-ফলক","ফলক","ফলকগুলি"]·DE["Tafeln-von","tablets","tablets-von"]·EN["tablets","tablets-of"]·FR["tables","tables-de","tablets","tablets-de"]·heb["לוחות"]·HI["दो","पटियाएँ","पटियाओं","पट्टियाँ"]·ID["loh","loh-loh"]·IT["tablets","tablets-di","tavole-di"]·jav["papan","papan-papan","papan-watu"]·KO["돌판들","판들","판들을"]·PT["as-tábuas-de-","tábuas","tábuas-de","tábuas-de-"]·RU["-скрижали","скрижали","скрижалях"]·ES["las-tablas-de","tablas","tablas-de"]·SW["mbao","mbili","mbili-za","vibao"]·TR["levha","levhalar","levhaları","levhalarını","levhası","levhayı"]·urd["تختیاں","تختیوں"]
Exod 24:12, Exod 31:18, Exod 31:18, Exod 32:15, Exod 32:15, Exod 32:16, Exod 32:16, Exod 32:19, Exod 34:1, Exod 34:1, Exod 34:1, Exod 34:4 (+26 more)
2. board or plank — A flat board, plank, or plate used in construction or shipbuilding. The altar is made with hollow boards (Exod 27:8; 38:7), Solomon's stands have engraved panels (1 Kgs 7:36), the beloved is likened to a cedar plank (Song 8:9), and Tyre's ships are built of double-planked boards (Ezek 27:5). Spanish 'tablones/placas,' French 'planches,' and English 'planks/boards' differentiate this structural sense from the inscriptional one. 5×
AR["أَلواحاً","أَلْوَاحًا","الـ-أَلْوَاحِ","الْأَلْوَاحِ","لَوْحَ"]·ben["-ফলকগুলিতে","তক্তা","তক্তাগুলি","তখ্তা","ফলক"]·DE["Bretter","[לוח]","[לחתים]","der-plates-von"]·EN["board-of","boards","planks","the-plates-of"]·FR["le-plates-de","planches","table","une-planche"]·heb["ה-לוחות","לוח","לוחות","לוחותים"]·HI["तख्ता","तख्ते-तेरे","तख्तों","तख्तों-का","तख्तों-की"]·ID["papan","papan-papan","papan-papan;"]·IT["[לחתים]","board-of","il-plates-di","tavole"]·jav["papan","papan-papan"]·KO["껑들을","널빈지들로","널빤지-를","판들로","판들의"]·PT["as-placas","tábua-de","tábuas"]·RU["досками","доски","доской","из-досок","пластинах"]·ES["las-placas-de","los-tablones","tabla-de","tablas"]·SW["mbao","ubao","ya-mbao"]·TR["levha","levhaları","tahtalar","tahtalarını"]·urd["تختوں","تختوں-کا","تختہ","تختیوں-"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† לוּחַ n.m. tablet, board or plank, plate (NH id., Aramaic לוּחָא, ܠܘܽܚܳܐ; Arabic لَوْحٌ (mod. pron. lûḥ, lôḥ, cf. e.g. SpiroArabic-Eng. Vocab. Buhl), Ethiopic ለውሕ, but Assyrian lêʾu (as if from לחה in DlHWB 366; see, however, lêjum (lêyum) JägerBAS i, 486);—ל׳ abs. Is 30:8; cstr. Pr 3:3 + 4 times; du. לֻחֹתָ֑יִם Ez 27:5; pl. לוּחֹת (לֻחוֹת), לֻחֹת) abs. Ex 32:16 + 17 times; cstr. Dt 4:13 + 16…