H2449 H2449
Ser sabio, volverse sabio, actuar sabiamente; en las formas causativas, hacer sabio o enseñar sabiduría; reflexivamente, mostrarse sabio
Ser sabio, volverse sabio, actuar sabiamente; en las formas causativas, hacer sabio o enseñar sabiduría; reflexivamente, mostrarse sabio
Sentidos
1. El sentido central del Qal — El sentido central del Qal: ser o volverse sabio, actuar con sabiduría, abarcando exhortaciones imperativas, declaraciones narrativas y observaciones proverbiales sobre la adquisición de sabiduría. Salomón 'fue más sabio que todos los hombres' (1 R 4:31); la hormiga enseña al perezoso a 'ser sabio' (Pr 6:6); el compañero de los sabios 'se hará sabio' (Pr 13:20). El Qal atrae vocabulario de carácter personal que apunta a un estado interior. 20×
AR["(يَحْكُمُ)", "[يحكم]", "أَنَا", "احْكُمْ", "الَّذِي-", "تَحْكُمَ", "حَكَمْتَ", "حَكُمَ", "حَكِيمَةٌ", "سَأَتَحَكَّمُ", "كَانُوا-حُكَمَاءَ", "وَ-احْكُمْ", "وَ-كُنْ-حَكِيمًا", "وَ-كُونُوا-حُكَمَاءَ", "وَ-يَزْدَادُ-", "وَكَانَ-أَحْكَمَ", "يَحكُمونَ", "يَحْكُمُ", "يَحْكُمُ-"]·ben["এবং-জ্ঞানী-হও", "এবং-যাতে-জ্ঞানী-হয়েছিলাম", "এবং-সে-আরও-জ্ঞানী-হবে-", "ও-ছিল-জ্ঞানী", "ও-জ্ঞানী-হও", "জ্ঞানী", "জ্ঞানী-হও", "জ্ঞানী-হত", "জ্ঞানী-হব", "জ্ঞানী-হবে", "জ্ঞানী-হলাম", "তুমি-জ্ঞানী-হয়েছ"]·DE["Weisheit", "sie-waren-weise", "und-er-war-wiser", "und-wurde-weise", "wurde-weise"]·EN["I-will-be-wise", "[ketiv]", "and-be-wise", "and-he-was-wiser", "and-he-will-be-wiser", "and-that-I-was-wise", "are-wise", "be-wise", "becomes-wise", "they-were-wise", "was-wise", "wise", "you-are-wise", "you-may-be-wise"]·FR["et-il-fut-wiser", "et-être-sage", "ils-étaient-sage", "être-sage"]·heb["(יחכם)", "[וחכם]", "אחכמה", "ו-חכם", "ו-חכמו", "ו-יחכם", "ו-יחכם־", "ו-שׁ-חכמתי", "חכם", "חכמה", "חכמו", "חכמת", "חכמתי", "יחכם", "יחכם-", "יחכמו", "תחכם"]·HI["और-जो-मैं-बुद्धिमान-हुआ", "और-बुद्धिमान-था", "और-बुद्धिमान-बनो", "और-बुद्धिमान-हो", "और-बुद्धिमान-होगा-", "बुद्धिमान", "बुद्धिमान-बन", "बुद्धिमान-बनेगा", "बुद्धिमान-हुआ", "बुद्धिमान-हो", "बुद्धिमान-होगा", "बुद्धिमान-होता-है-", "बुद्धिमान-होते", "बुद्धिमान-होते-हैं", "मैं-बुद्धिमान-होऊँगा"]·ID["Jadilah-bijak", "[ketiv]", "akan-menjadi-bijak", "aku-akan-menjadi-bijak", "aku-menjadi-bijak", "bijak", "bijaksana", "dan-ia-lebih-bijak", "dan-jadilah-bijak", "dan-menjadi-bijaklah", "dan-yang-aku-peroleh-dengan-hikmat", "engkau-bijak", "engkau-menjadi-bijak", "maka-dia-akan-menjadi-bijak-", "menjadi-bijak"]·IT["[חכמה]", "e-egli-era-più-saggio", "e-essere-saggio", "essere-saggio", "essi-furono-saggio"]·jav["badhé-wicaksana", "dados-wicaksana", "kula-badhé-wicaksana", "kula-wicaksana", "lan-bakal-wicaksana", "lan-dados-wicaksana", "lan-ingkang-kula-wicaksana", "lan-langkung-wicaksana", "lan-wicaksanaa", "wicaksana"]·KO["[크타브]", "그리고-그-가-지혜로워질-것이다", "그리고-그-지혜롭게-했다", "그리고-지혜로워져라", "그리고-지혜로워지라", "그리고-지혜로웠다", "지혜로d다", "지혜로우면", "지혜로워지리라-", "지혜로워진다", "지혜로웠더라면", "지혜롭게-되겠다", "지혜롭게-되라-네가", "지혜롭게-되었는가", "지혜롭다", "지혜롭다면", "지혜롭지", "지혜롭지만"]·PT["(será-sábio)", "E-foi-mais-sábio", "Sê-sábio", "[e-será-sábio]", "e-que-tornei-sábio", "e-sede-sábios", "e-será-mais-sábio", "e-sê-sábio", "fossem-sábios", "me-tornei-sábio", "se-torna-sábio-", "sejas-sábio", "serei-sábio", "será-sábio", "sábia", "sábio", "são-sábios", "te-tornares-sábio", "te-tornaste-sábio"]·RU["[ктив:и-умудрится]", "будет-мудрым", "буду-мудрым,", "будь-мудр", "были-мудры", "и-будь-мудр", "и-будь-мудрым.", "и-будьте-мудры,", "и-был-мудрее", "и-которым-мудрел-я", "и-станет-мудрее-", "мудрел-я,", "мудростью", "мудры", "умудрился-ты", "умудрится", "умудряется-"]·ES["(será-sabio)", "Sé-sabio", "[y-será-sabio]", "el-simple-se-hace-sabio-", "es-sabio", "fueran-sabios", "fuiste-sabio", "me-hice-sabio", "sabia", "seas-sabio", "seré-sabio", "son-sabios", "y-fue-más-sabio", "y-que-me-hice-sabio", "y-sed-sabios", "y-será-más-sabio", "y-sé-sabio"]·SW["Na-alikuwa-na-hekima", "atakuwa-mwenye-hekima", "hekima", "hupata-hekima", "kuwa-na-hekima", "mwenye-hekima", "na-ambayo-nilikuwa-na-hekima", "na-atakuwa-mwenye-hekima", "na-muwe-wenye-hekima", "na-uwe-mwenye-hekima", "na-uwe-na-hekima", "nilikuwa-na-hekima", "nitakuwa-na-hekima", "umekuwa-mwenye-hekima", "una-hekima", "uwe-mwenye-hekima", "wana-hekima", "wangehekimika"]·TR["[bilge-olacak]", "bilge", "bilge-değildir", "bilge-ol", "bilge-olacagim", "bilge-olacak", "bilge-olasın", "bilge-oldum", "bilge-oldun", "bilge-olduysan", "bilge-olsalardı", "bilge-olurlar", "bilge-olursa", "bilgelenir-", "ve-bilge-ol", "ve-bilge-oldu", "ve-bilge-olun", "ve-daha-bilge-olacak-", "ve-ki-bilge-oldum"]·urd["اور-حکمت-کی-میں-نے", "اور-دانا-ہو", "اور-دانا-ہو-جاؤ", "اور-دانا-ہو-جائے-گا", "اور-زیادہ-حکیم-تھا", "اور-عقلمند-ہو", "حکمتمند-ہے", "حکیم ہوتے ہیں", "حکیم-بنا-میں", "دانا-ہو", "دانا-ہو-جائے-گا", "دانا-ہوا", "دانا-ہوتا-ہے-", "دانا-ہوتے", "دانا-ہوگا", "میں-دانا-بنوں-گا"]
Deut 32:29, 1 Kgs 4:31, Job 32:9, Prov 6:6, Prov 8:33, Prov 9:9, Prov 9:12, Prov 9:12, Prov 13:20, Prov 13:20, Prov 19:20, Prov 20:1 (+8 más)
2. El causativo Piel e Hifil — El causativo Piel e Hifil: hacer sabio a alguien, impartir o enseñar sabiduría. Los testimonios de Dios 'hacen sabio al sencillo' (Sal 19:7); Job protesta que Dios 'nos hace más sabios que las bestias' (Job 35:11); José fue enviado para 'enseñar sabiduría' a los ancianos de Egipto (Sal 105:22). El cambio hacia un lenguaje pedagógico es consistente en todas las lenguas, confirmando una función semántica genuinamente distinta. 4×
AR["تُحَكِّمُنِي", "مُحَكِّمَةُ", "يُحَكِّمُنا", "يُعَلِّم"]·ben["তিনি-আমাদের-জ্ঞান-দেন", "তিনি-জ্ঞান-শেখালেন", "তুমি-বুদ্ধিমান-করেছ", "যা-জ্ঞানী-করে"]·DE["du-machen-mich-wiser", "making-wise", "wurde-weise", "zu-machen-wise"]·EN["He-makes-us-wise", "You-make-me-wiser", "making-wise", "to-make-wise"]·FR["de-être-sage", "être-sage", "être-sage-nous"]·heb["יחכם", "יחכמנו", "מחכימת", "תחכמני"]·HI["बुद्धि-सिखाए", "बुद्धिमान-करता-है-हमें", "बुद्धिमान-बनानेवाली"]·ID["Engkau-membuat-aku-berhikmat", "ia-mengajar-hikmat", "membuat kita bijak", "membuat-bijak"]·IT["essere-saggio-nostro", "fu-saggio"]·jav["Paduka-pinter-kula", "dipunwulangaken-kawicaksanan", "ndamel-kita-wicaksana", "ndamel-wicaksana"]·KO["우리를-지혜롭게-하신다", "지혜롭게-하는", "지혜롭게-하셨도다", "지혜롭게-하시나이다-나-를"]·PT["dando-sabedoria", "ensinasse-sabedoria", "faz-nos-sábios", "me-fizeste-sábio"]·RU["умудряешь-Ты-меня", "умудряющее", "умудряющий-нас", "учить-мудрости"]·ES["enseñara-sabiduría", "me-haces-sabio", "nos-hace-sabios", "que-hace-sabio"]·SW["anatufanya-wenye-hekima", "kuwafundisha-hekima", "unaofanya-wenye-hekima", "zinanifanya-mwenye-hekima"]·TR["akıllandıran", "bilge-kılar-beni", "bilgelendiren-bizi", "öğretsin"]·urd["حکمت دیتا ہے ہمیں", "حکمت-سکھائے", "دانا-بناتے-ہیں-مجھے", "دانا-بنانے-والی"]
3. El Pual pasivo — El Pual pasivo: ser hecho sabio o hábil, describiendo a alguien que ha sido dotado de sabiduría o pericia por un agente externo. Las 'criaturas pequeñas' de Proverbios 30:24 son 'hechas sabias' (mechukamim) por instinto; el 'encantador astuto' de Salmo 58:5 se describe como alguien expertamente adiestrado. La morfología pasiva confirma este sentido como la contraparte pasiva genuina del Piel causativo. 2×
AR["بِ-مَهارَةٍ", "مُتَحَكِّمونَ"]·ben["অত্যন্ত-জ্ঞানী", "দক্ষ"]·DE["skillful", "von-Weise"]·EN["made-wise", "skillful"]·FR["de-être-sage", "être-sage"]·heb["מחוכם", "מחוכמים"]·HI["निपुण", "बुद्धि-से-भरे।"]·ID["sangat-bijak"]·IT["essere-saggio", "fu-saggio"]·jav["budheg", "sanget-wicaksana"]·KO["숙련한", "지혜롭게-만들어진"]·PT["feitos-sábios", "hábil"]·RU["искусными", "мудрецов"]·ES["experto", "hechos-sabios"]·SW["mwenye-ujuzi", "wenye-hekima-zaidi"]·TR["bilgeler-gibi", "usta"]·urd["ماہِر", "ہیں-بہت-دانا"]
4. El Hitpael reflexivo — El Hitpael reflexivo: hacerse sabio a sí mismo, mostrarse sabio — una sola aparición cautelar en Eclesiastés 7:16: 'No te hagas demasiado sabio.' La raíz reflexiva añade una cualidad performativa y autodirigida: sabiduría buscada por exhibición o autopromoción en lugar de sabiduría recibida de Dios o adquirida por experiencia. 1×
AR["تَكُنْ"]·ben["জ্ঞানী-হও"]·DE["wurde-weise"]·EN["be-wise"]·FR["être-sage"]·heb["תתחכם"]·HI["बुद्धिमान-बन"]·ID["menjadi-terlalu-bijak"]·IT["essere-saggio"]·jav["dados-langkung-wicaksana"]·KO["지혜롭게-되라"]·PT["te-faças-sábio"]·RU["умничай"]·ES["te-hagas-sabio"]·SW["mwenye-hekima-kupita-kiasi"]·TR["bilge-ol"]·urd["دانا-بن"]
5. El Hitpael cohortativo con matiz astuto o maquinador — El Hitpael cohortativo con matiz astuto o maquinador: actuar con astucia, obrar con sagacidad calculadora. En Éxodo 1:10, Faraón dice 'Vamos, actuemos sabiamente contra ellos', donde 'sabiamente' lleva el tono siniestro de opresión calculada. El Hitpael aquí no es automejora reflexiva sino conspiración colectiva. 1×
AR["نَحْتَالُ"]·ben["আমরা-চতুরতা-করি"]·DE["lass-uns-verfahren-wisely"]·EN["let-us-deal-wisely"]·FR["que-nous-deal-wisely"]·heb["נתחכמה"]·HI["चलाकी-करें"]·ID["kita-bertindak-dengan-bijak"]·IT["let-noi-trattare-wisely"]·jav["kita-tumindak-wicaksana"]·KO["우리가-지혜롭게-하자"]·PT["ajamos-sabiamente"]·RU["перехитрим"]·ES["actuemos-sabiamente"]·SW["tuwe-wajanja"]·TR["akıllıca-davranalım"]·urd["چالاکی-کریں"]
Sentidos Relacionados
H3045 1. Qal: to know, perceive, understand (829×)H5315 1. soul, inner being (647×)H3820a 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (572×)H4672 1. Qal: find, discover (289×)G1492 1. know facts or truths (285×)H3824 1. heart, inner self (mind/will/emotion) (250×)H1245 1. seek, search for (200×)G1097 1. know, be acquainted with (196×)H2142 1. Qal: remember, recall (173×)G2588 1. heart (inner self, mind, will) (158×)H0977 1. choose, select (Qal active) (145×)G2147 1. find, discover (144×)G5590 1. soul, inner self (100×)H4672 2. Niphal: be found, be discovered (99×)H1875 1. seek, search for (96×)H5315 2. life, vitality (94×)H1847 1. knowledge, discernment (90×)H2450 1. wise, prudent (84×)H7911 1. Qal: to forget (83×)H3684 1. fool, dullard (70×)
Referencia BDB / Léxico
† חָכַם vb. be wise (NH id.; Aramaic ܚܟܰܡ, חֲכַם id.; Zinj. חכמה wisdom, DHMSendsch. 57; Assyrian ḫakâmu, know (with exceptional חֿ v. DlPr 178 f.); Arabic حَكَمَ restrain from acting in an evil manner, judge, govern; iv. make firm, sound, free from defect by the exercise of skill)— Qal Pf. ח׳ Pr 23:15; 3 fs. חָֽכְמָה Zc 9:2; הָכַמְתָּ Pr 9:12(×2), etc. + 3 times Pf.; Impf. יֶחְכַּם Pr 9:9;…