H1561 H1561
Dung, excrement; dried animal or human waste, especially as fuel.
Refers to dung or excrement, with the distinctive nuance of dung shaped into rounded cakes — the Arabic cognate jilla specifically denotes camel dung formed into balls. Ezekiel 4:12 and 4:15 provide the most vivid usage, where God commands the prophet to bake bread over human dung as a sign of Israel's defilement, then relents to allow cow dung instead. In Job 20:7 the wicked perish 'like their own dung,' a graphic image of utter worthlessness. Zephaniah 1:17 extends this to blood poured out like dust and flesh like dung.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Dung or excrement — waste matter, particularly shaped or dried dung used as fuel or as a metaphor for worthlessness. The Arabic cognate (jilla) points to rounded dung cakes from livestock. In Ezek 4:12, 15 human dung serves as defiling fuel for bread-baking; Job 20:7 uses it figuratively for the fate of the wicked; Zeph 1:17 pairs it with poured-out blood as an image of total destruction. Spanish 'estiércol' and French 'excréments' confirm the consistent semantic range. 4×
AR["بِـ-رَوْثِ", "رَوْثِ", "كَ-الجِلَّةِ", "كَ-رَوْثِهِ"]·ben["-গোবরে", "গোবর-", "গোবরের-মতো", "তার-মলের-মতো"]·DE["[בגללי]", "[גללי]", "[כגללו]", "[כגללים]"]·EN["dung-of", "like-his-dung", "like-the-dung", "with-dung-of"]·FR["[בגללי]", "[גללי]", "comme-des-excréments", "comme-son-כגללו-lui"]·heb["ב-גללי", "גללי", "כ-גללו", "כ-גללים"]·HI["अपनी-गोबर-की-तरह", "गोबर", "जैसे-गोबर", "में-गोबर"]·ID["dengan-kotoran", "kotoran", "seperti-kotoran", "seperti-kotorannya"]·IT["come-like-suo-dung-suo", "sterco"]·jav["kados-tinja", "kados-tinja-nipun", "mawi-tletheking", "tletheking"]·KO["같이-똥", "그의-배설물-처럼", "똥-위에서", "똥을"]·PT["Como-seu-esterco", "bolos-de", "como-esterco", "em-bolos-de"]·RU["как-навоз", "как-помёт-свой", "на-навозе", "навоза"]·ES["Como-su-estiércol", "como-estiércol", "con-excremento-de", "excremento-de"]·SW["kama-kinyesi", "kama-mavi-yake", "kwa-mavi-ya", "mavi"]·TR["adamın", "gübre-gibi", "gübresi-gibi", "ve-o"]·urd["فضلے-کی-طرح-اُس-کی", "گوبر-سے", "گوبر-کی-طرح", "گوبر-کے"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [גֵּל] n.[m.] dung (ball of dung, Arabic جِلَّةٌ etc., dung of camels etc., cf. Aramaic גַּלָּא; on form v. Ew§ 255 b Ol§ 150. 163)—sf. גֶּלֲלוֹ Jb 20:7, pl. cstr. הָאָדָם (צֵאַת) גֶּלֲלֵי Ez 4:12, 15;—human dung used as fuel Ez 4:12, 15 הָאָדָם (צֵאַת) ג׳; perhaps also Jb 20:7, but cf. Di, who thinks no ref. to fuel, & De who thinks of cattle-dung; (v. on Arabic word Wetzst in De).—See also ii. גָּלָל.