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בַּ֫עַד105 H1157
Prep | 3fs  |  103× en 7 sentidos
En favor de; a través de; detrás de; alrededor de — preposición que expresa separación, paso o interposición
Preposición versátil construida sobre la idea de separación o interposición entre dos puntos. En su uso más frecuente significa 'en favor de' o 'por causa de', como cuando los sacerdotes hacen expiación por el pueblo. También indica movimiento físico a través de una abertura (Rajab descolgando a los espías por la ventana, Jos 2:15) y posición detrás de una barrera. Con menor frecuencia expresa protección envolvente, fundamento causal o un raro sentido temporal. El arco que va del espacial 'detrás' al abstracto 'en favor de' refleja un mismo hilo conceptual: algo que se interpone entre sujeto y objeto.

Sentidos
1. en favor de, por El sentido benefactivo dominante, que aparece en aproximadamente la mitad de las ocurrencias. El árabe lo traduce con preposiciones de propósito (مِنْ أَجْلِ, لِأَجْلِ), el coreano con 위하여 y el suajili con kwa ajili ya, confirmando la lectura 'en beneficio de'. Típico en contextos sacerdotales donde se hace expiación 'por' alguien (Lv 9:7; 16:6). Los sufijos pronominales (בַּעֲדִי, בַּעֲדוֹ) se adjuntan directamente para indicar al beneficiario. 50×
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["بَدَلَ", "بِأَجْلِ", "بِأَجْلِ-", "بِـ-أَجْلِ-", "عَنّي", "لِ-أَجْلِي", "لِأَجْلِ-", "مِنْ-أَجْلِ", "مِنْ-أَجْلِي", "وَ-عَنِ", "وَ-عَنْ", "وَ-لِأَجْلِ"]·ben["-জন্য", "আমার-জন্য", "এবং-জন্য", "এবং-পক্ষে", "ও-জন্য", "জন্য", "জন্য-", "পক্ষে"]·DE["[בעדי]", "fuer-mich", "und-auf-behalf-von", "und-in-bis", "wegen"]·EN["and-for", "and-on-behalf-of", "dens", "for", "for-", "for-me", "on-behalf-of", "that-is-found"]·FR["derrière", "derrière-moi", "et-dans-jusqu'à", "et-in-jusqu'à", "et-sur-behalf-de", "pour-moi", "à-cause-de"]·heb["ב-עד", "ב-עדי", "בעד", "בעד-", "בעדי", "ו-בעד"]·HI["-के-बदले", "-के-लिए", "और-अपने लिए", "और-के-लिए", "के-लिए", "के-लिए-", "बाद-मेरे", "मेरे-लिए"]·ID["bagi-aku", "bagiku", "dan-bagi", "dan-demi", "untuk", "untuk-"]·IT["a-causa-di", "dietro", "dietro-mio", "e-in-fino-a", "e-su-behalf-di", "per-me"]·jav["bab", "kangge-", "kangge-kawula", "kangge-kula", "kanggé", "kanggé-", "lan-kangge", "lan-kanggé"]·KO["그리고-를-위해", "그리고-에-위하여", "그리고-에-위해", "그리고-위하여", "나를-위하여", "나를-위해", "에-위하여-", "위하여", "위하여-", "위하여-나를", "위하여-의", "위해-나를"]·PT["e-por", "em-favor-de-", "em-favor-do", "por", "por-mim"]·RU["для-", "за", "за-", "за-меня", "и-за"]·ES["por", "por-mí", "y-por"]·SW["kwa-ajili-ya", "kwa-ajili-ya-", "kwa-ajili-yangu", "kwa-niaba-ya", "kwa-niaba-yangu", "kwa-sababu-ya", "na-kwa-ajili-ya", "na-kwa-ajili-ya-", "wּbad"]·TR["-benim-için", "-için", "benim-için", "icin", "için", "için-", "ve-için", "ve-uğruna"]·urd["اور-خاطر-سے", "اور-طرف-سے", "اور-لیے", "اور-کے-لیے", "خاطر", "میرے-لیے", "کے-لئے-", "کے-لیے", "کے-لیے-"]
2. a través de, por Paso espacial a través de una abertura o hueco, como cuando Rajab descuelga a los espías por la ventana (Jos 2:15) o la madre de Sísara mira a través de la celosía (Jue 5:28). El árabe مِنْ خِلَالِ y el coreano 통하여 apuntan a 'a través' en lugar de 'detrás', distinguiendo este sentido del posicional. La noción subyacente de separación —moverse de un lado para emerger en el otro— es el nexo etimológico. 19×
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["عَبْرَ", "عَن", "عَنْ", "مِن", "مِن-أَجلِ-", "مِنْ", "مِنْ-", "مِنْ-أَجْلِ", "مِنْ-خِلالِ", "مِنْ-خِلَالِ", "مِنْ-عَلَى", "هَلْ-مِنْ-وَرَاءِ", "وَ-عَبْرَ"]·ben["-দিয়ে", "এবং-মধ্যে", "কি-পেছনে", "জন্য", "জন্য-", "দিয়ে", "মধ্য-দিয়ে", "মধ্যে", "মধ্যে-দিয়ে"]·DE["der-wegen", "durch", "durch-", "fuer", "und-wegen", "wegen"]·EN["and-through", "for", "through", "through-"]·FR["dans-jusqu'à", "derrière", "et-dans-jusqu'à", "in-jusqu'à", "pour", "à-travers", "à-travers-"]·heb["ב-עַד", "ב-עד", "בעד", "בעד-", "ה-בעד", "וּ-ב-עַד"]·HI["और-के-बीच-से", "के-बीच-से", "के-लिए", "के-लिए-", "क्या-पार-से", "खिड़की-से", "बअद", "लिए", "से", "से-बीच", "से-होकर"]·ID["Dari-balik", "apakah-melalui", "dan-melalui", "dari-balik", "demi", "karena", "melalui", "melalui-", "untuk"]·IT["a-causa-di", "attraverso", "attraverso-", "dietro", "e-in-fino-a", "in-fino-a", "per"]·jav["Lantaran", "kagem", "kangge-", "kanggé", "karana-", "lan-nglangkungi", "lantaran", "liwat", "lumantar", "medal", "menapa-liwat", "nglangkungi", "saking", "saking-", "tumraping"]·KO["(질문)-너머로", "-로", "그리고-통하여", "넘어-", "대신하여", "에-사이", "위하여", "위하여-", "을-통해", "통하여", "통하여-", "통해-서"]·PT["Pela", "Porventura-através-de", "através-de", "e-por-entre-", "em-favor-de-", "pela", "por", "por-entre-"]·RU["-за", "Через", "за", "за-", "и-через", "разве-сквозь", "через", "через-"]·ES["Acaso-a-través-de", "Por", "a-través-de", "por", "por-", "y-a-través-de"]·SW["Je-kupitia", "kupitia", "kupitia-", "kwa-ajili-ya", "kwa-niaba-ya", "kwa-niaba-ya-", "na-kupitia"]·TR["-den", "-için", "-içinden", "arkasından-mı", "den-arasından", "den-icinden", "den-için", "için-", "içinden", "içinden-", "uğruna-", "ve-içinden-", "üzerine"]·urd["-بدلے-میں-", "اور-بیچ-سے", "اوپر-سے", "ذریعے", "ذریعے-سے", "سے", "سے-", "میں-سے", "کیا-پیچھے", "کے-لیے", "کے-لیے-"]
3. detrás de, tras Sentido posicional de 'detrás', indicando ubicación o movimiento en la parte posterior de algo. Dios cierra la puerta detrás de Noé (Gn 7:16); la grasa se cierra detrás de la hoja (Jue 3:22). El árabe وَرَاءَ y el alemán hinter traducen consistentemente este sentido espacial. La preposición aquí marca lo que está al otro lado de una barrera, preservando la idea radical de separación. 19×
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["خَلْفَهُمْ", "عَلى", "عَلَى", "عَلَيْكَ", "عَلَيْكِ", "عَلَيْهَا", "عَلَيْهِ", "مِ-بَعَد", "وَ-عَنِ", "وَراءَهُ", "وَعَلى", "وَعَلَى", "وَعَلَى-", "وَمِن-أَجلِ", "وَمِنْ-أَجْلِ", "وَمِنْ-أَجْلِ-"]·ben["-পিছনে-থেকে", "এবং--জন্য", "এবং-জন্য", "এবং-জন্য-", "এবং-পেছনে", "ও--পেছনে-", "তাদের-পিছনে", "তার-পিছনে", "তার-পেছনে", "তোমার-পেছনে", "পেছনে", "সাথে-"]·DE["hinter", "hinter-du", "hinter-ihm", "hinter-ihn", "hinter-ihnen", "hinter-ihr", "um", "und-fuer", "und-fuer-", "und-hinter", "und-wegen", "von-wegen", "wegen"]·EN["and-behind", "and-for", "and-for-", "around", "behind", "behind-her", "behind-him", "behind-them", "behind-you", "from-behind", "hide"]·FR["autour", "derrière", "derrière-eux", "derrière-lui", "derrière-sa", "derrière-tu", "et-derrière", "et-pour", "et-pour-", "à-cause-de"]·heb["בעד", "בעדה", "בעדו", "בעדו-ו", "בעדך", "בעדם", "ו-ב-עד", "ו-בעד", "מ-בעד"]·HI["अपने-पीछे", "उसके-पीछे", "उस्के-पीछे", "ऊ-बाद", "ऊ-बाद-", "और-", "और-उसके-पीछे", "और-पीछे", "और-लिए", "पीछे", "पीछे-अपने", "पीछे-से"]·ID["dan-bagi", "dan-bagi-", "dan-demi", "dan-di-belakang", "dan-untuk", "di-balik", "di-belakang", "di-belakang-mereka", "di-belakang-mu", "di-belakang-nya", "di-belakangmu", "di-belakangnya"]·IT["a-causa-di", "da-dietro", "dietro", "dietro-lei", "dietro-loro", "dietro-lui", "dietro-tu", "e-dietro", "e-per", "e-per-", "intorno-a"]·jav["ing-mburine-panjenengan", "ing-piyambakipun", "lan-kangge", "lan-karana", "lan-tumrap", "saking-sawingking", "sasampunipun", "tumrap", "tumrap-panjenengan", "tumrap-piyambakipun", "wingkingipun"]·KO["그-뒤에", "그녀-뒤에", "그리고-뒤에", "그리고-위하여", "너의-뒤에서", "당신-뒤에", "뒤-그들의-에서", "뒤-에서", "뒤에", "에-그의-뒤", "에-뒤에", "에-뒤에-그"]·PT["atrás-de", "atrás-de-ti", "atrás-dela", "atrás-dele", "atrás-deles", "e-atrás-de", "e-pelo", "e-por", "por-detrás-de", "por-ele"]·RU["за", "за-", "за-ним", "за-собой", "и-за", "и-за-", "и-над", "из-за"]·ES["de-detrás-de", "detrás-de", "detrás-de-ella", "detrás-de-ti", "detrás-de-él", "tras", "tras-de-ti", "tras-ellos", "tras-él", "y-detrás-de", "y-por", "y-sobre"]·SW["juu-ya", "na-kwa-ajili-ya", "na-kwa-niaba-ya", "na-kwa-niaba-ya-", "na-nyuma-ya", "na-nyuma-ya-", "nyuma-ya", "nyuma-yake", "nyuma-yako", "nyuma-yao"]·TR["arkanda", "arkandan", "arkasinda", "arkasından", "de-arkasinda", "etrafında", "ve-arkasinda", "ve-arkasinda-", "ve-etrafında", "ve-için", "ve-için-", "ve-uğruna", "üzerine"]·urd["اور-اوپر", "اور-لئے", "اور-پیچھے", "اور-کے-لیے", "اُس-پر", "اپنے-پیچھے", "پیچھے", "پیچھے-اُس-کے", "پیچھے-سے", "چاروں-طرف"]
4. alrededor de, en torno Sentido de rodear o cercar, especialmente en relación con la protección divina. Job 1:10 es el pasaje paradigmático: Dios lo ha 'cercado alrededor' por todos lados. El árabe حَوْلَ y el suajili kuzunguka confirman 'alrededor' en vez de 'detrás'. También en Sal 3:3, donde Dios es escudo 'en torno' al salmista. La lectura de cerco se extiende naturalmente de la interposición al envolvimiento.
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["حَوْلَهُ", "حَوْلِي", "وَحَوْلَ"]·ben["আমার-চারপাশে", "আমার-জন্য", "এবং-চারপাশে", "চারপাশে-আমার।", "তার-চারপাশে"]·DE["[בעדי]", "hinter", "in-Iddo", "und-wegen"]·EN["about-me", "and-around", "around-him", "around-me"]·FR["dans-à-cause-de", "derrière-lui", "et-derrière", "à-cause-de"]·heb["בעדו", "בעדי", "בעדני", "ו-בעד"]·HI["उसके-चारों-ओर", "और-चारों-ओर", "और-चारों-ओर-", "मेरे-चारों-ओर", "मेरे-पीछे", "मेरे-लिए"]·ID["bagiku", "dan-di-sekeliling", "di-balikku", "di-sekeliling-dia", "di-sekelilingku", "di-sekelilingnya", "sekelilingku"]·IT["a-causa-di", "dietro-a", "dietro-suo", "e-dietro"]·jav["ing-sakiwa-tengenipun", "ing-wingking-kula", "lan-ing-sakiwa-tengen", "ngubengi-kula", "sakubeng-kawula"]·KO["그리고-주위에", "나-를-둘러", "나-주변에", "나-주위-에", "나를-위해-두르는", "주위에-그의"]·PT["ao-meu-redor", "ao-redor-de-mim", "atrás-de-mim", "e-por", "por-ele"]·RU["вокруг-меня", "вокруг-него", "за-мной", "и-вокруг"]·ES["alrededor-de-mí", "contra-mí", "por-él", "tras-de-mi", "y-por"]·SW["kumlinda", "kumlinda-yeye", "kunizuia", "kunizunguka", "na-kulinda", "yalinizuia", "yangu"]·TR["ardımda", "etrafımda-", "etrafımı", "etrafına", "etrafını", "ve-etrafına", "ve-etrafına-", "çevremde"]·urd["اور-گرد", "اُس-کے-گرد", "میرے-اوپر", "میرے-گرد"]
5. a causa de, por motivo de Sentido causal —'a causa de, por motivo de'— que aparece en Gn 20:18 (Yahvé cerró matrices a causa de Sara), 1 S 1:6 y Pr 6:26. El árabe بِسَبَبِ y el suajili kwa sababu ya lo marcan como genuinamente causal, distinto del benefactivo. El desarrollo semántico de 'en favor de' a 'a causa de' sigue un camino frecuente en las lenguas.
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["بِسَبَبِ-", "عَلَى-", "مِنْ-أَجْلِ"]·ben["-এর-কাছে", "-এর-জন্য-", "জন্য"]·DE["-", "um", "wegen"]·EN["around", "on-account-of", "over"]·FR["au-dessus", "autour", "derrière"]·heb["ב-עד", "בעד"]·HI["उस-पर", "कारण-से-", "के-लिये-"]·ID["[objek]", "bagi-", "karena-"]·IT["dietro", "intorno", "sopra"]·jav["ing-", "kangge-", "kanthi"]·KO["-에-대하여", "에-대하여", "위해"]·PT["ao-redor-de", "por-causa-de", "sobre"]·RU["за", "за-"]·ES["a-causa-de", "detrás-de", "por"]·SW["kwa", "kwa-ajili-ya", "kwa-sababu-ya"]·TR["arkasında", "uğruna-", "üzerine"]·urd["عوض", "پر"]
6. en intercambio por Dos ocurrencias en Job 2:4, donde Satanás dice 'piel por piel' — una fórmula proverbial de intercambio. El matiz preciso es debatido; las traducciones multilingües se dividen entre 'por' (intercambio) y 'a causa de'. El contexto sugiere un 'a cambio de' transaccional, lo que lo convierte en un uso especializado distinto de la simple benefacción o la causación.
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["بَدَلَ"]·ben["-বদলে"]·DE["wegen"]·EN["for"]·FR["derrière"]·heb["בעד"]·HI["के-बदले", "के-बदले-"]·ID["ganti"]·IT["dietro"]·jav["kangge"]·KO["위해", "위해-의"]·PT["por"]·RU["за"]·ES["por"]·SW["kwa", "kwa-ajili-ya"]·TR["karşılığında", "karşılığında-"]·urd["کے-بدلے"]
7. temporal: dentro de, después de Uso temporal-adverbial raro, atestiguado en 1 S 4:18 (Elí había juzgado a Israel cuarenta años) e Is 7:8 (dentro de sesenta y cinco años). El árabe وَ فِي بَعدِ y el suajili na-ndani-ya respaldan la lectura como 'dentro de' o 'después de' un período de tiempo — extensión del espacial 'dentro de un límite' al dominio temporal.
PROPERTIES_RELATIONS Nature, Class, Example Geography and Space
AR["عِنْدَ", "وَ-فِي-بَعدِ"]·ben["ও-আরও", "পাশ-দিয়ে"]·DE["neben", "und-in-noch"]·EN["and-in-yet", "beside"]·FR["et-dans-encore", "à-côté-de"]·heb["ב-עד", "ו-ב-עוד"]·HI["और-भीतर", "पास"]·ID["dan-dalam", "di-samping"]·IT["accanto-a", "e-in-ancora"]·jav["Lan-ing-salebetipun", "wonten-ing-sisih"]·KO["곁-에", "이제-"]·PT["E-dentro-de", "ao-lado-de"]·RU["возле", "и-через"]·ES["al-lado-de", "y-dentro-de"]·SW["karibu-na", "na-ndani-ya"]·TR["-yanında", "ve-icinde"]·urd["اور-اندر", "پاس"]

Sentidos Relacionados
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)

Referencia BDB / Léxico
בַּ֫עַד105 subst. proposes separation, with a gen., in separation from, in usage a prep. away from, behind, about, on behalf of (Arabic بَعْدُ, of time, after)—abs. †Ct 4:1, 3; 6:7, elsewhere cstr. בְּעַד, with sf. בַּעֲדִי Ex 8:24 +, בַּעֲדֵנִיψ 139:11; בַּעַדְךָ Gn 20:7 +; בַּעֲדוֹ etc.; 1 pl. בַּעֲדֵנוּ, †Am 9:10 בַּעֲדֵינוּ; בַּעַדְכֶם 1 S 7:5 +; בַּעֲדָם Lv 9:7 +;— 1. lit. a. with vbs. of