H0909 H0909
Alone, isolated, solitary — describing separation from a group or community
Describes the state of being separated, isolated, or solitary. The participial form conveys a vivid image of aloneness: a leper dwelling apart outside the camp (Lev 13:46), a lone bird on a rooftop (Ps 102:7), a straggler cut off from the ranks (Isa 14:31), or Ephraim likened to a wild donkey wandering alone (Hos 8:9). The underlying verb connects to the Arabic sense of withdrawal and independent action, and the multilingual evidence — Spanish 'solitario/solo,' French 'séparer' — consistently reflects isolation and apartness.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Being alone, isolated, or solitary — whether by compulsion, circumstance, or willful separation. The leper must dwell 'alone' outside the camp (Lev 13:46), the psalmist likens himself to a solitary bird on a housetop (Ps 102:7), the straggler is cut off from the retreating army (Isa 14:31), and Ephraim is a wild donkey going its own way (Hos 8:9). Spanish 'solitario' and 'solo' capture the consistent thread of apartness across all contexts. 4×
AR["مُنفَرِد", "مُنفَرِدٌ", "مُنْفَرِدًا", "مُنْفَرِدٌ"]·ben["একা", "একাকী"]·DE["[בודד]", "allein", "alone"]·EN["alone", "straggler"]·FR["[בודד]", "dans-séparer", "semer", "seul"]·heb["בדד", "בודד"]·HI["अकेला", "अकेली", "अलग-रहने-वाला", "से-बाहर"]·ID["sendirian", "yang-menyendiri"]·IT["[בודד]", "solo"]·jav["ingkang-kesasar", "ingkang-piyambakan", "piyambak", "piyambakan"]·KO["외로운", "혼자", "홀로-남는-자가", "홀로인"]·PT["desgarrado", "solitário", "sozinho"]·RU["одинокая", "одинокий", "отстающего"]·ES["rezagado", "solitario", "solo"]·SW["anayetengana", "mpweke", "peke-yake"]·TR["tek-basina", "yalnız"]·urd["اکیلا", "پچھڑنے-والا"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† I. [בָּדַד] vb. be separate, isolated (Arabic بَدَّ cause to withdraw; ii. separate, disunite, Gn 11:8 Saad.; iv. divide into parts; x. go alone, act independently), only Pt. בּוֹדֵד Is 14:31 (of straggler in army), Ho 8:9 פֶּרֶא בוֹדֵד לוֹ a wild-ass (sim. of Ephr.) going alone for itself (i.e. wilfully: v. sub לְ), ψ 102:8 (of bird sitting solitarily).