H0774 H0774
Arpad, an Aramean city-state in northern Syria conquered by Assyria, always paired with Hamath in prophetic oracles.
An important Aramean city-state located about fifteen miles north of Aleppo in northern Syria, identified with modern Tell Erfad. In every biblical occurrence Arpad appears alongside Hamath as a cautionary example of Assyrian conquest, whether in the Rabshakeh's taunt (2 Kgs 18:34; Isa 36:19), in Isaiah's oracle against Assyrian arrogance (Isa 10:9), or in Jeremiah's prophecy against Damascus (Jer 49:23). The consistent pairing across languages -- Spanish 'Arfad,' English 'Arpad,' French and German retaining the Hebrew -- underscores how universally recognized this city was as a symbol of fallen resistance to imperial power.
Senses
1. Arpad (city name) — The proper name of a city-state in northern Syria (modern Tell Erfad), appearing exclusively in contexts of Assyrian military triumph. Every occurrence pairs Arpad with Hamath and sometimes other conquered cities, functioning rhetorically to demonstrate the futility of resisting Assyria (2 Kgs 18:34; 19:13; Isa 10:9; 36:19; 37:13; Jer 49:23). The Assyrian records know it as Arpadda, confirming its prominence as a regional power before its fall. 6×
AR["أَرْفَادَ", "كَـ-أَرْفَادَ", "وَ-أَرْفَادَ", "وَأَرْفَادَ", "وَأَرْفَادُ"]·ben["অর্পদের", "অর্পদের-মতো", "এবং-অর্পদ", "এবং-অর্পদের", "ও-অর্পদের"]·DE["Arpad", "[ארפד]", "[וארפד]", "[כארפד]", "und-Arpad"]·EN["Arpad", "and-Arpad", "as-Arpad", "of-Arpad"]·FR["Arpad", "[ארפד]", "[וארפד]", "[כארפד]", "et-Arpad"]·heb["ארפד", "ו-ארפד", "כ-ארפד"]·HI["अर्पाद", "अर्पाद-का", "और-अर्पाद", "और-अर्पाद-के", "जैसे-अर्पाद"]·ID["Arpad", "dan-Arpad", "seperti-Arpad"]·IT["Arpad", "[ארפד]", "[וארפד]", "[כארפד]", "e-Arpad"]·jav["Arpad", "kados-Arpad", "lan-Arpad"]·KO["그리고-아르밟의", "그리고-아르밧이", "그리고-아르백의", "아르밟의", "아르백의", "아르뱃-같이"]·PT["Arpad", "como-'Arpad", "e-Arpad"]·RU["Арпада", "и-Арпад", "и-Арпада", "как-Арпад"]·ES["Arpad", "como-Arpad", "de-Arfad", "y-Arfad?", "y-Arpad"]·SW["kama-Arpadi", "na-Arfadi", "na-Arpadi", "wa-Arfadi", "wa-Arpadi"]·TR["Arpad'in", "Arpad'ın", "Arpad-gibi", "ve-Arpad", "ve-Arpad'in", "ve-Arpad'ın"]·urd["ارفاد", "ارفاد-کا", "اور-ارفاد", "اور-ارفاد-کے", "جیسے-ارفاد"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† אַרְפַּד n.pr.loc. city in northern Syria (Assyrian Arpadda DlPa 275)—א׳ Is 10:9 elsewhere אַרְפָּ֑ד; c. 15 miles N. of Aleppo, mod. Tel Erfâd; in OT only as conquered by Assyria, always named with Hamath, etc. 2 K 18:34; 19:13 = Is 36:19; 37:13 (on 𝔊 Ῥαφέθ = Ἀρφάθ cf. LagBN 78), also Is 10:9; Je 49:23; (cf. NöZMG 1871, 258 Kiepib. 655.)