1. purple (fabric/dye) — Purple cloth or dye (אַרְגָּמָן), a costly textile dyed with murex-derived pigment, used extensively in tabernacle/temple furnishings and royal garments. Multilingual evidence is uniform: eng 'purple', spa 'púrpura', hin 'बैंगनी', arb 'أُرْجُوَان', kor '자주색', swa 'zambarau'. The two clusters differ only in the presence or absence of conjunction waw, the article, and construct-state morphology — purely grammatical variation with no semantic distinction between the 35-occurrence and 3-occurrence groups. 38×
AR["وَ-أُرجواناً","وَ-أُرجوانيّاً","وَ-أُرجوانٌ","وَ-أُرجوانٍ","وَ-أُرجُوانٌ","وَ-أُرجُوانٍ","وَ-أُرْجُوَانًا","وَ-أُرْجُوَانٌ","وَ-أُرْجُوَانٍ","وَ-الْأُرْجُوَانِ"]·ben["এবং-বেগুনি","এবং-বেগুনির"]·DE["und-der-purpur","und-purpur"]·EN["and-purple","and-the-purple"]·FR["et-le-pourpre","et-pourpre"]·heb["ו-ארגמן","ו-ה-ארגמן"]·HI["और-बैंगनी","और-बैंजनी"]·ID["dan-kain ungu","dan-kain-ungu"]·IT["e-il-porpora","e-porpora"]·jav["lan-wungu"]·KO["그리고-그-자주색","그리고-자주색","그리고-자주색과","그리고-자주색의"]·PT["e-o-púrpura","e-púrpura"]·RU["и-пурпур","и-пурпура"]·ES["y-la-púrpura","y-púrpura"]·SW["na-zambarau"]·TR["ve-erguvan","ve-erguvani"]·urd["اور-ارغوانی","اور-کے-ارغوانی"]
Exod 25:4, Exod 26:1, Exod 26:31, Exod 26:36, Exod 27:16, Exod 28:5, Exod 28:6, Exod 28:8, Exod 28:15, Exod 28:33, Exod 35:6, Exod 35:23 (+26 more)
Senses
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† אַרְגָּמָן n.[m.] purple, red-purple, i.e. purple thread & cloth (Assyrian argamannu COT Ex 25:4, Arabic أَرْجَوَانٌ, Aramaic ܐܰܪܓܘܳܢܳܐ, cf. אַרְגְּוָן supr.; etym. dub.; possibly Skr. râgaman, adj. red, reddish, from râga, red colour, so Benary cf. Thes Add 111 RobGes; vid. MV; Thes earlier, from רגם; but prob. loan-word, cf. also LagBN 205; Pers. ارغوان is also cited by PS)—form always as…