H0523 H0523
tribes, peoples, nations (collective groups with shared identity)
A term for tribes or peoples, emphasizing collective identity and social organization. Genesis uses it for the tribal divisions of Ishmael's descendants, while Numbers applies it to Midianite tribal structure. The Psalms extend it to encompass all peoples called to praise God, pairing it with 'nations' in parallel. The root connects to the Arabic word for community or religious people, underscoring the social and sometimes cultic cohesion that defines these groups. The term sits between family-level clans and nation-level entities.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Genesis 25:16 describes Ishmael's twelve sons as 'their tribes and their encampments,' organizing them into coherent social units. Numbers 25:15 identifies a Midianite woman by her father, 'head of the people of a father's house in Midian'—the term here denoting tribal subdivision. Psalm 117:1 calls 'all you peoples' to praise the Lord in parallel with 'all you nations,' expanding the term to universal scope. The multilingual glosses (Spanish 'pueblos,' French 'peuples,' German 'Völker') all capture this sense of people-groups bound by kinship and shared identity. 3×
AR["الشُّعوب", "حَسَبَ-أُمَمِهِمْ", "عَشَائِرِ"]·ben["-জনগণ", "তাদের-জাতিগুলির-জন্য", "বংশের"]·DE["Voelker-von", "Völker", "nach-ihren-Stämmen"]·EN["according-to-their-nations", "peoples", "peoples-of"]·FR["le-nation", "peuples-de", "selon-à-leur-nations"]·heb["אמות", "ה-אומים", "ל-אמתם-ם"]·HI["उन-की-जातियों-के", "कुलों-के", "लोगो"]·ID["bangsa-bangsa", "suku-suku-bangsa", "untuk-bangsa-mereka"]·IT["[האמים]", "popoli-di", "secondo-a-loro-nazioni"]·jav["miturut-bangsa", "para-kaum", "suku-bangsa"]·KO["가문들-의", "그들의-민족들-로", "민족들-아"]·PT["para-suas-nações", "povos", "povos-de"]·RU["племена", "племён", "по-народам-их"]·ES["los-pueblos", "pueblos-de", "según-sus-naciones"]·SW["kulingana-na-mataifa-yao", "makabila", "wa-makabila"]·TR["halklar", "kabilelerinin"]·urd["امتو", "قبیلوں", "قوموں-اُن-کے-مطابق"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
† [אֻמָּה] n.f. tribe, people (Arabic أُمَّةٌ; Assyrian ummatu cf. JenKosmol. 336, Aramaic ܐܘܽܡܬܳܐ, אוּמָּא) only pl. אֻמּוֹת Nu 25:15; אֻמִּים ψ 117:1; sf. אֻמֹּתָם Gn 25:16;—of tribes of Ishmaelites Gn 25:16; of Midian (‖ בֵּית־אָב) Nu 25:15; ‖ גּוֹיִם ψ 117:1.