A noun denoting the settled orientation or habitual bent of the mind -- not a single passing thought but an enduring disposition. All four NT occurrences cluster in Romans 8, where Paul contrasts the phronēma of the flesh (death-directed thinking) with the phronēma of the Spirit (life and peace). Classical Greek used the word for high spirit, resolution, or pride, but Paul narrows it to the deep mental orientation that determines one's trajectory. Spanish pensamiento and German Gesinnung both capture the sense of an ingrained way of thinking rather than a momentary idea.