πρός G4314
A, hacia; para; con; ante, junto a; entre; contra; conforme a; por causa de
La preposicion griega πρός es una de las palabras relacionales mas versatiles del griego, capaz de regir acusativo, dativo y (raramente) genitivo con matices distintos. En el Nuevo Testamento predomina con acusativo, expresando movimiento hacia una persona o lugar. El prologo del Evangelio de Juan declara que el Verbo estaba πρὸς τὸν θεόν — hacia Dios, con Dios, cara a cara con Dios — condensando fuerza direccional, asociativa y relacional en dos palabras. Mas alla de su nucleo espacial, πρός se extiende al proposito ('para'), la compania ('con'), la proximidad ('ante, junto a'), la oposicion ('contra') y la conformidad ('conforme a'). Su amplitud semantica la hace indispensable para expresar toda la gama de relaciones interpersonales y teologicas en las epistolas y los Evangelios.
Sentidos
1. direccion: a, hacia — Sentido direccional primario con acusativo: 'a,' 'hacia,' indicando movimiento u orientacion hacia una persona, lugar o meta. Con 520 apariciones es el uso predominante. Mt 3:5 ('salian a el'), Mt 3:13 ('Jesus vino al Jordan'). Jn 1:1 ('el Verbo estaba con Dios') parte de aqui pero trasciende la mera direccionalidad hacia una relacion de intimidad. 520×
AR["-", "إِلى", "إِلَى", "إِلَي", "إِلَيهِ", "إِلَيَّ", "إِلَيْهِ"]·ben["-কাছে", "কাছে", "প্রতি"]·DE["zu"]·EN["to", "to-"]·FR["vers-"]·heb["אֲלֵיהֶם", "אֲלֵיכֶם", "אֵלֶיךָ", "אֵלַי", "אֵלָיו", "אֶל", "אֶל-", "אֶל־"]·HI["-कि-ओर", "-के-पअस", "-पास", "की-ओर", "पास"]·ID["kepada", "kepadanya", "‹kepada›"]·IT["verso"]·jav["dhateng"]·KO["-에게", "~에게", "~에게로"]·PT["a", "a-", "aos-", "para", "às"]·RU["к", "к-", "ко", "ко-"]·ES["a", "hacia"]·SW["-", "kwa", "kwa-", "kwa-maana", "kwake", "kwako", "kwangu", "kwao", "kwenu", "manabii", "wao", "wewe"]·TR["-a", "-e"]·urd["-سے", "-پاس", "-کے-پاس", "طرف", "پاس"]
Matt 2:12, Matt 3:5, Matt 3:13, Matt 3:14, Matt 3:15, Matt 7:15, Matt 10:6, Matt 10:13, Matt 11:28, Matt 13:2, Matt 14:25, Matt 14:28 (+38 más)
2. proposito: para — Proposito o finalidad: 'para,' 'a fin de,' 'con miras a.' Mt 6:1 ('no practiqueis vuestra justicia delante de los hombres para ser vistos') y Mt 5:28 ('todo el que mira a una mujer para codiciarla'). Con 113 apariciones, πρός compite con εἰς para marcar proposito, aunque πρός suele enfatizar la orientacion interpersonal de la intencion. 113×
AR["إِلَى", "لِ", "لِ-", "لِـ", "لِـ-مَاذَا", "لِكَيْ", "لِلْ"]·ben["-জন্য", "-প্রতি", "কেন", "জন্য", "প্রতি"]·DE["zu", "zu-"]·EN["for", "for-", "to", "toward", "toward-"]·FR["vers-"]·heb["אֶל-", "הַ-", "כְּדֵי", "לְ", "לְ-"]·HI["-के-लिए", "-के-लिये", "की-ओर", "के-लिए", "केलिए", "क्यों", "लिए"]·ID["Untuk", "dengan", "tentang", "untuk"]·IT["verso", "verso-"]·jav["bab", "dhumateng", "kangge", "kanggé", "kanthi-niyat", "supados"]·KO["-에-관한", "-을-위하여", "-을-위한", "-을-위해", "-을-향하여", "-하려고", "~에게", "~을-위하여", "에-대한", "에-대해", "위하여", "위한", "위해서이다"]·PT["-para", "para", "quanto-a"]·RU["-Богу", "К-", "для", "для-", "к-", "на-", "о", "с", "чтобы"]·ES["Para", "hacia", "para"]·SW["-", "Kwa", "ili", "kwa", "kwa-", "kwa-ajili-ya", "kwa-lengo-la"]·TR["-e", "-için", "için", "için-", "niçin", "yarar-"]·urd["-کے-لیے", "تاکہ", "سفید", "لیے", "متعلق", "کس-لیے", "کے-لِیے", "کے-لیے"]
Matt 5:28, Matt 6:1, Matt 13:30, Matt 23:5, Matt 26:12, Mark 13:22, Luke 14:32, John 4:35, John 13:28, Acts 27:12, Acts 27:34, Acts 28:10 (+38 más)
3. asociacion: con — Asociacion o acompanamiento: 'con,' 'en presencia de,' 'cara a cara con.' Este es el sentido teologicamente pregnante de Jn 1:1 ('el Verbo estaba con Dios'). Mt 26:18 ('celebrare la Pascua en tu casa / contigo'). Las 39 apariciones revelan que πρός transmite no mera cercania espacial sino relacion orientada y reciproca. 39×
AR["إِلَى", "عِندَ", "عِنْدَ", "مَعَ"]·ben["-কাছে", "-সাথে", "কাছে", "কাছে-", "প্রতি", "সঙ্গে", "সহ-", "সহিত"]·DE["zu", "zu-"]·EN["toward", "toward-", "with"]·FR["vers-"]·heb["אֵצֶל", "אֶל", "אֶצְלְכֶם", "אֶצְלֵנוּ", "עִם", "עִם-", "עִמָּם"]·HI["-पास", "-में", "-से", "और", "के-पस", "के-साथ", "पास", "साथ", "से"]·ID["Dengan", "bersama", "dengan"]·IT["verso", "verso-"]·jav["dhateng", "ing-ngarsanipun", "kaliyan", "satunggal", "wonten-"]·KO["-를-향하여", "-에게", "-와", "-와-함께", "~에게", "에-게", "에게", "향하여"]·PT["com", "com-", "convosco", "entre", "junto-de", "para-com"]·RU["друг-с-", "к-", "с", "с-", "у", "у-"]·ES["con", "con-", "junto-a", "para-con"]·SW["dhidi-ya", "kwa", "kwenu", "kwetu", "na", "na-", "nao", "pamoja-na", "wao-kwa-wao"]·TR["-de", "-e", "-e-karşı", "-ile", "-yanında", "birbirleriyle", "eğer-", "için-", "size", "yanınızda-"]·urd["-سے", "-کے-ساتھ", "ساتھ", "سے", "پاس", "پاس-"]
Matt 13:56, Matt 26:18, Mark 1:27, Mark 6:3, Mark 8:16, Mark 9:10, Mark 9:14, Mark 9:16, Mark 9:19, Mark 9:34, Mark 10:26, Mark 14:49 (+27 más)
4. proximidad: ante, junto a — Proximidad estatica: 'ante,' 'junto a,' 'al lado de,' sin implicar movimiento. Mt 3:10 ('el hacha ya esta puesta a la raiz'), Lc 10:39 (Maria sentada 'a los pies del Senor'). Las 18 apariciones suelen marcar una escena de presencia o disposicion, frecuentemente con una persona situada en un lugar significativo. 18×
AR["عَلَى", "عِنْدَ"]·ben["-কাছে", "কাছে", "কাছে-"]·DE["zu", "zu-"]·EN["at", "at-", "toward", "with"]·FR["vers-"]·heb["אֶל", "אֶל-", "אֶצְלְ-", "עַל"]·HI["-दान-के-लिए", "-पास", "-पैरों-के-पास", "के-पास", "पर", "पास", "प्रेरितों-के", "माँगने"]·ID["dekat", "dengan", "di", "di-hadapan", "di-samping", "pada"]·IT["verso", "verso-"]·jav["cedhak", "celak", "dhateng", "ing", "wonten", "wonten-ing", "wonten-ngarsanipun"]·KO["-에", "~에", "그-가", "날마다", "에", "에-게", "에게"]·PT["ao", "aos", "convosco", "entre", "junto", "junto-a", "junto-à", "para", "à"]·RU["для-", "к", "к-", "при", "при-", "у", "у-"]·ES["a", "alrededor", "ante", "con", "hacia", "junto", "junto-a"]·SW["karibu-na", "kifuani", "kwenu-", "kwenye", "miguuni", "upande-wa"]·TR["-a", "-de", "-e", "-o", "e-"]·urd["-پاس", "-پر", "پاس", "پاس-", "پر"]
Matt 3:10, Luke 3:9, Luke 10:39, Luke 16:20, John 11:32, John 18:16, John 20:11, John 20:12, John 20:12, Acts 3:2, Acts 3:10, Acts 4:37 (+6 más)
5. distributivo: entre — Sentido distributivo o relacional dentro de un grupo: 'entre,' 'entre si.' Lc 20:5 ('discutian entre si'), Lc 22:23 ('comenzaron a discutir entre ellos'). Las 8 apariciones muestran a πρός marcando deliberacion intragrupal o relacion mutua, funcion en la que se solapa con ἐν y el pronombre reciproco ἀλλήλους. 8×
AR["إِلى", "لِـ", "مَعَ"]·ben["একে-অপরের", "নিজেদের", "প্রতি"]·DE["zu"]·EN["against", "among", "to", "toward", "with"]·FR["vers-"]·heb["אֶל", "בֵּינֵיהֶם-לֵאמֹר", "זֶה־אֶל־זֶה"]·HI["प्रति", "में", "से"]·ID["di-antara", "kepada", "satu-sama-lain", "terhadap"]·IT["verso"]·jav["antawisipun", "ing-antawisipun", "satunggal-lan-", "tumrap"]·KO["향하여"]·PT["contra", "entre"]·RU["к", "между-"]·ES["entre", "hacia"]·SW["kuwahusu", "kwa", "miongoni-mwa", "wao-kwa-wao"]·TR["-e"]·urd["سے-", "کے-بارے-میں-"]
6. oposicion: contra — Orientacion adversativa u hostil: 'contra.' Mt 4:6 ('para que no tropieces tu pie contra una piedra'), Mc 12:12 ('sabian que habia dicho la parabola contra ellos'). Solo 3 apariciones con sentido claramente adversativo, lo que sugiere que el Nuevo Testamento prefiere κατά para la oposicion, reservando πρός para casos de confrontacion directa. 3×
AR["إِلَي", "بِ-", "بِـ"]·ben["-কাছে", "-তে", "প্রতি"]·DE["zu", "zu-"]·EN["against", "against-"]·FR["vers-"]·heb["בְּ", "בְּ-", "נֶגֶד-"]·HI["उनके-विषय-में", "से"]·ID["pada", "tentang"]·IT["verso"]·jav["ing", "tumrap", "wonten-ing"]·KO["-에", "에", "에게"]·PT["contra"]·RU["о", "против"]·ES["contra", "hacia"]·SW["dhidi-yao", "kwenye"]·TR["-a", "-e"]·urd["-سے", "بارے-میں", "سے"]
7. conformidad: conforme a — Conformidad o correspondencia con una norma: 'conforme a,' 'segun,' 'en proporcion a.' Lc 12:47 ('sera azotado con muchos golpes conforme a su conocimiento') y 2 Cor 5:10 ('segun lo que haya hecho'). Las 2 apariciones se situan en contextos juridicos o de juicio donde las acciones se evaluan con respecto a un estandar. 2×
AR["حَسَبَ"]·ben["অনুসারে-", "প্রতি"]·DE["zu", "zu-"]·EN["according-to"]·FR["vers-"]·heb["לְ-", "לְפִי"]·HI["अनुसार", "के-अनुसार"]·ID["menurut", "sesuai-dengan"]·IT["verso", "verso-"]·jav["miturut"]·KO["에-대하여", "에-따라"]·PT["segundo"]·RU["по", "по-"]·ES["conforme-a"]·SW["kulingana-na"]·TR["-e-göre", "için-"]·urd["-کے-مطابق", "کے-مطابق"]
8. causal: por causa de — Sentido causal: 'por causa de,' 'a causa de.' Mt 19:8 ('por la dureza de vuestro corazon Moises os permitio') y Mc 10:5 (pasaje paralelo). Solo 2 apariciones, ambas en la misma tradicion sinoptica sobre el divorcio, donde πρός con acusativo explica el motivo o razon detras de una concesion legal. 2×
AR["بِسَبَبِ"]·ben["কাছে", "প্রতি"]·DE["zu", "zu-"]·EN["For", "because-of"]·FR["vers-"]·heb["לְ-", "נֹכַח"]·HI["-कि-ओर", "-के-कारण"]·ID["Karena", "karena"]·IT["verso"]·jav["Awit-saking", "dhateng"]·KO["-에게", "~에-대하여"]·PT["Por-causa-da", "pela-"]·RU["По-причине", "по-причине"]·ES["Por", "por"]·SW["-", "Kwa-sababu-ya"]·TR["-e", "-e-doğru"]·urd["خاطر", "کے-باعث"]
Sentidos Relacionados
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
Referencia BDB / Léxico
πρός, preposition, expressing direction, __A on the side of, in the direction of, hence with genitive, dative, and accusative, from, at, to: Epic dialect also προτί and ποτί, in Refs 8th c.BC+ usually with accusative, more rarely with dative, and each only once with genitive, Refs 8th c.BC+:—dialectal forms: Doric dialectποτί (which see) and ποί, but Cretan dialect πορτί Refs, Argive προτ(ί) Refs…