περισσ-εία G4050
Abundance, surplus, overflow; an exceeding measure or advantage.
A noun formed from perisseuō (to abound), perisseia denotes surplus or overflowing quantity. Paul uses it to speak of the abundance of grace that far outweighs sin (Rom 5:17) and the overflowing joy of the Macedonians amid severe trial (2 Cor 8:2). In James 1:21 it describes the 'overflow of wickedness' that believers must strip away. Across languages—Spanish 'abundancia,' French 'surabondance,' German 'Ueberfluss'—the core idea is the same: something that spills beyond what is ordinary or expected.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Abundance or surplus, whether of grace, joy, or even evil. Romans 5:17 speaks of the perisseia of grace that enables believers to reign in life through Christ. In 2 Corinthians 8:2 and 10:15, the term conveys overflowing generosity and expanding faith. James 1:21 uses it negatively for the surplus of wickedness. The French 'surabondance' nicely captures the sense of exceeding measure that goes beyond the normal. 4×
AR["فائِضَ", "فَيضِ", "وَفرَةٍ", "وَفرَةُ"]·ben["প্রাচুর্য", "প্রাচুর্যে"]·DE["Ueberfluss"]·EN["abundance"]·FR["abondance", "surabondance"]·heb["שֶׁפַע"]·HI["बहुतायत", "बहुतायत-में"]·ID["berlimpah", "kelimpahan"]·IT["abbondanza", "perisseian"]·jav["kalubering", "kelimpahan", "langkung-kathah", "turahaning"]·KO["넘치는", "넘침", "넘침으로", "넘침이"]·PT["abundância"]·RU["-жизни", "избыток"]·ES["abundancia"]·SW["wingi", "wingi,"]·TR["bollugunu", "bollukla", "fazlalığını", "o-"]·urd["بہتات", "بہتایت", "زیادتی", "کثرت"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
περισσ-εία, ἡ, surplus, abundance, NT __II advantage, LXX