πᾰλαιός G3820
Old, aged, former — belonging to a prior era or worn out by long use, often contrasted with the new.
Describes what is old, worn, or belonging to a previous order, nearly always set in deliberate contrast with something new. Jesus' parables of the garment patch and wineskins (Matt 9:16–17; Mark 2:21–22; Luke 5:36–39) use παλαιός for what cannot accommodate the new wine of the kingdom — old cloth shrinks, old skins burst. Paul employs the same logic theologically: the 'old leaven' of malice must be purged (1 Cor 5:7–8), the 'old self' was crucified with Christ (Rom 6:6; Eph 4:22; Col 3:9). First John distinguishes an 'old commandment' held from the beginning from a 'new commandment' that is also somehow the same (1 John 2:7). The scribe trained for the kingdom brings out 'old things and new' from his storeroom (Matt 13:52). Spanish 'vieja/antiguo' and German 'alt' mirror the age-versus-newness polarity.
Senses
1. old, aged, former — Old, former, or belonging to a past era — typically set against what is new (καινός/νέος). Applied to worn-out material objects like old garments and wineskins that cannot hold new wine (Matt 9:16–17; Mark 2:21–22; Luke 5:36–39), to the 'old leaven' of sin to be purged at Passover (1 Cor 5:7–8), to the 'old self' crucified with Christ in baptismal theology (Rom 6:6; Eph 4:22; Col 3:9), and to the 'old commandment' known from the beginning (1 John 2:7). Spanish alternates between 'vieja' (worn-out) and 'antiguo' (ancient), reflecting the word's range from material deterioration to temporal priority. 19×
AR["الإنسانَ-العَتيقَ","العتيقَ","العتيقَةَ","العتيقَةُ","العَتيقِ","القَديمَ","القَديمَةُ","عتيقٍ","عتيقَةٍ","عَتيقٍ","عَتيقَةٍ","قَديمَةً","قَدِيمًا"]·ben["পুরাতন","পুরানো","পুরানো,","পুরানোতে","পুরোনো;","পুরোনোর,"]·DE["alt"]·EN["old","old-things"]·FR["ancien"]·heb["הַיָּשָׁן","יְשָׁנָה","יְשָׁנוֹת","יָשָׁן"]·HI["पर","पुरअने","पुराना","पुरानी","पुराने","पुराने-से","होता-है"]·ID["lama","lama,","lama;","yang-lama","yang-lama,"]·IT["antico","palaia","palaian","palaion","vecchio"]·jav["lawas","lawas,","lawas.","lawas;"]·KO["낡은","낡은-것-의","묵은","묵은것이","옛","옛것을","오래된","헌","헌것에"]·PT["antigo","antigo,","velha","velha;","velhas","velho","velho,","velhos","velhos;"]·RU["Старое","ветхого","древнюю,","древняя","наш","старого","старое","старой","старой,","старую","старую;","старые","старые;"]·ES["antiguo","vieja","viejas-cosas","viejo","viejos"]·SW["kuukuu;","la-zamani,","la-zamani;","mtu-wa-kale","mzee","vikuukuu","vikuukuu;","vya-zamani","vya-zamani;","wa-zamani","ya-kale","ya-zamani","ya-zamani,"]·TR["eski","eski;","eskileri","eskinin,","eskiyle","o-"]·urd["-کے-ساتھ","اچھی-ہے","بھی","پرانا","پرانا،","پرانی","پرانیں","پرانے","پرانے-کو","پُرانی"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
πᾰλαιός, ά, όν, Aeolic dialect πάλαος Refs; Boeotian dialect παληός Refs; Laconian dialect παλεός (see. below): regular comparative and superlative παλαιότερος Refs 5th c.BC+ [The penultimate is sometimes short in Poets, Refs 5th c.BC+; in these places παλεός (a form mentioned by Hdn.Refs 5th c.BC+ __I old in years, __I.1 mostly of persons, aged, ἢ νέος ἠὲ παλαιός Refs 8th c.BC+; π. γέρων, π.…