καρπός G2590
karpos -- fruit, produce, or harvest; used literally of crops and figuratively of moral/spiritual outcomes
The noun karpos ('fruit') operates on two registers in the New Testament. Literally, it denotes agricultural produce -- figs, grapes, grain, the yield of land and tree (Matt 21:19; Mark 4:7-8; Luke 13:6-9; Jas 5:7, 18; Rev 22:2 with its twelve kinds of fruit). Figuratively, it is one of the New Testament's most important ethical metaphors: John the Baptist demands 'fruit worthy of repentance' (Matt 3:8), Jesus warns that trees are known by their fruit (Matt 7:16-20), and Paul unfolds the 'fruit of the Spirit' as love, joy, peace, and more (Gal 5:22). Spanish fruto, French fruit, and German Frucht each serve both the literal and figurative senses identically, reflecting how naturally this metaphor transfers across languages.
Senses
1. [split] fruit, produce, harvest — Fruit or produce in both its literal and figurative dimensions. Literally it covers the yield of trees, vines, and fields (Matt 21:19, 34; Mark 12:2; Jas 5:7). Figuratively it denotes the moral or spiritual outcome of a person's life and actions -- as in the Baptist's 'fruit worthy of repentance' (Matt 3:8), Jesus's principle that a tree is known by its fruit (Matt 7:16-20), and Paul's celebrated 'fruit of the Spirit' (Gal 5:22). The metaphor transfers seamlessly: Spanish fruto, French fruit, and German Frucht each carry both registers without differentiation. 1×
AR["الثَّمَرُ", "ثَمَرًا", "ثَمَرٌ", "ثَمَرَةً", "ثَمَرَةُ", "ثَمَرَهَا", "ثَمَرِ"]·ben["ফল", "ফল,"]·DE["Frucht"]·EN["fruit"]·FR["fruit"]·heb["פְּרִי", "פִּרְיוֹ"]·HI["ऊपर-चढ़ता-हुआ", "तुरन्त", "फल", "फल-को", "फल-से"]·ID["buah", "buah,", "itu"]·IT["frutto"]·jav["woh", "woh,"]·KO["열매", "열매-가", "열매-를", "열매가", "열매를"]·PT["fruto", "fruto,"]·RU["плод", "плода", "плоду"]·ES["fruto"]·SW["-", "matunda", "matunda,", "tunda", "zao,"]·TR["meyve", "meyve,", "meyvesi", "meyvesinden,", "meyvesini"]·urd["بُرا", "پھل", "پہچانا-جاتا-ہے"]
Matt 3:8, Matt 3:10, Matt 7:16, Matt 7:19, Matt 12:33, Matt 12:33, Matt 13:8, Matt 13:26, Matt 21:19, Mark 4:7, Mark 4:8, Mark 4:29 (+38 more)
1. fruit (metaphorical: moral/spiritual outcomes) — Split from sense 70041. Criteria: Figurative fruit denoting moral or spiritual results of a person's life: 'fruit of the Spirit' (Gal 5:22), 'fruit of righteousness' (Phil 1:11), 'fruit of lips' (Heb 13:15), 'fruit worthy of repentance' (Matt 3:8), 'tree known by its fruit' (Matt 7:16-20) 42×
AR["-ثَمَرُ", "ثَمَرًا", "ثَمَرَةً", "ثَمَرَةُ", "ثَمَرَهَا", "ثَمَرِ"]·ben["ফল", "ফলকে", "ফলের"]·DE["Frucht"]·EN["fruit"]·FR["fruit"]·heb["פְּרִי", "פִּרְיוֹ"]·HI["फल", "फल-को", "फल-से"]·ID["buah", "itu"]·IT["frutto"]·jav["woh", "woh,"]·KO["열매", "열매-가", "열매-를", "열매가", "열매를"]·PT["fruto"]·RU["плод", "плода", "плоду"]·ES["fruto"]·SW["matunda", "tunda"]·TR["meyve", "meyveniz", "meyvesi", "meyvesinden,", "meyvesini"]·urd["بُرا", "پھل", "پہچانا-جاتا-ہے"]
Matt 3:8, Matt 3:10, Matt 7:16, Matt 7:17, Matt 7:17, Matt 7:18, Matt 7:18, Matt 7:19, Matt 7:20, Matt 12:33, Matt 12:33, Matt 12:33 (+30 more)
2. fruit, produce (literal agricultural yield) — Split from sense 70041. Criteria: Literal fruit of trees, vines, fields, and crops: Matt 21:19, 34; Mark 4:7-8, 11:14, 12:2; Luke 12:17, 13:6-9; Jas 5:7, 18; Rev 22:2 24×
AR["الثَّمَرُ", "الثِّمارَ", "ثَمَرًا", "ثَمَرٌ", "ثَمَرَ", "ثَمَرَةً", "ثَمَرَها", "ثِمارَها", "ثِمارَهُ", "ثِمارِ", "خارِجينَ"]·ben["ফল", "ফল,", "ফলের", "বের-হয়ে"]·DE["Frucht", "geht-hinaus"]·EN["fruit", "fruits", "having-gone-out"]·FR["fruit", "sortir"]·heb["הַפֵּרוֹת", "פְּרִי", "פִּרְיוֹ", "פֵּרוֹת", "פֵּרוֹתָיו", "צְאוּ"]·HI["ऊपर-चढ़ता-हुआ", "के-पत्ते", "तुरन्त", "निकलकर", "फल", "फल-की", "फलों"]·ID["buah", "buah,", "buah-buahnya", "buahnya", "keluarlah"]·IT["frutto", "uscire"]·jav["medal", "woh", "woh,", "woh-wohan"]·KO["나가서", "열매가", "열매들-을", "열매들의", "열매를"]·PT["fruto", "fruto,", "frutos"]·RU["выйдя", "плод", "плода", "плодов", "плоды"]·ES["fruto", "frutos", "saliendo"]·SW["-", "katika", "matunda", "matunda,", "mkitoka", "na", "tunda", "yake", "zao,"]·TR["meyve", "meyve,", "meyvelerden", "meyveleri", "meyvelerini", "meyvesini", "o-", "çıkıp"]·urd["نکل-کر", "پھل", "پھلوں"]
Matt 13:8, Matt 13:26, Matt 21:19, Matt 21:34, Matt 21:34, Matt 21:41, Matt 21:43, Mark 4:7, Mark 4:8, Mark 4:29, Mark 11:14, Mark 12:2 (+12 more)
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
καρπός, ὁ, __A fruit, in Refs 8th c.BC+, usually of the fruits of the earth, corn, ἀρούρης κ. Refs 8th c.BC+; κ. ἀρούρης, also of wine, Refs 8th c.BC+; ἀμπέλινος κ. Refs 5th c.BC+; so κ. alone, Refs 5th c.BC+; but of corn, opposed to Βάκχιον νᾶμα, Refs; καρποῦ ξυγκομιδή harvest, Refs 5th c.BC+; κ. λωτοῖο, κρανείης, Refs 8th c.BC+; μελιηδέα κ., of grapes, Refs 8th c.BC+; τὸν ἐπέτειον κ. the crops…