κᾰκοπάθ-εια G2552
suffering, endurance of hardship; distress or affliction patiently borne
This noun denotes the experience of hardship, distress, or suffering, often with the implication of patient endurance. In James 5:10, the prophets serve as 'an example of suffering (kakopatheias) and patience.' The term combines 'evil' or 'hardship' with 'experience,' describing the afflictions that the faithful endure. James holds up the prophets not as models of comfort but of perseverance through distress—their patient suffering under persecution and rejection demonstrates how to respond faithfully to trials.
Senses
1. sense 1 — James pairs kakopatheia with patience (makrothymia), making the prophets exemplars of faithful endurance under hardship. The Spanish 'sufrimiento' and German 'Leiden' (suffering) both emphasize the painful experience. The prophets spoke God's word and often suffered for it—rejection, persecution, sometimes death. Their example teaches believers to expect hardship and to endure it patiently, trusting that God vindicates his servants as he did the prophets of old. 1×
AR["المَشَقَّةِ"]·ben["কষ্ট-সহ্যের"]·DE["Leiden"]·EN["suffering"]·FR["κακοπαθίας"]·heb["סֶבֶל"]·HI["दुःख-उठाने-का"]·ID["penderitaan"]·IT["kakopathias"]·jav["kasangsaran"]·KO["고난-의"]·RU["страдания"]·ES["sufrimiento"]·SW["kuteseka"]·TR["çekilen-sıkıntının"]·urd["تکلیف"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
κᾰκοπάθ-εια [πᾰ], ἡ, distress, misery, Refs 5th c.BC+; of plants or trees, Refs 4th c.BC+; strain, stress, on the parts of a machine, Refs 5th c.BC+ [same place]; ταῖς παρὰ τὴν ἀξίαν νῦν κακοπαθείαις your present unmerited sufferings, Refs 5th c.BC+:—later, usually written κᾰκοπαθ-παθία, NT+3rd c.BC+; laborious toil, perseverance, Refs 1st c.BC+