ἰδέα G2397
form, appearance, or outward shape; the visible aspect or look of something
The noun ἰδέα denotes the outward form, appearance, or visible shape of something—what meets the eye. Classical philosophy used it for abstract "forms" or "ideas," but in more concrete usage it simply meant physical appearance or kind. Matthew 28:3 uses it to describe the angel at the tomb: "His appearance was like lightning." The word focuses on visible aspect—what the witnesses saw. Across languages, translations render it as "appearance" (Spanish "apariencia," French "apparence"), the straightforward sense of outward look or form. The philosophical sense of ἰδέα (Platonic Forms) is not relevant in biblical usage, which focuses on phenomenal appearance.
Senses
1. sense 1 — Matthew's resurrection narrative describes the angel's ἰδέα as "like lightning" (28:3)—his outward appearance, visible form, or look. The noun emphasizes phenomenal aspect: what the guards and women saw when the angel appeared. Classical usage ranges from physical shape or form to philosophical "Ideas," but here the meaning is simply visible appearance. The parallelism with "his clothing white as snow" confirms focus on visual impact. The multilingual evidence uniformly translates "appearance": spa: "apariencia," fra: "apparence," focusing on outward, visible aspect rather than philosophical essence. 1×
AR["مَنظَرُ"]·ben["চেহারা"]·DE["εἰδέα"]·EN["appearance"]·FR["apparence"]·heb["מַרְאֶה"]·HI["रूप"]·ID["penampilan"]·IT["eidea"]·jav["pasuryan"]·KO["모습-이"]·RU["вид"]·ES["apariencia"]·SW["sura"]·TR["görünüşü"]·urd["صورت"]
Related Senses
H3808 1. simple negation (not) (4839×)G1722 1. locative: in, within (2442×)H1004b 1. house, dwelling, building (2015×)G3756 1. not (negation particle) (1635×)H4480a 1. source or separation (1198×)H5892b 1. city, town (1093×)G1519 1. direction: into, to, toward (1061×)H3427 1. Qal: to dwell, inhabit (937×)G1537 1. from, out of (source/origin) (886×)H8034 1. Name (designation / identifier) (856×)G3361 1. subjective negation (not) (834×)G1909 1. on, upon (spatial surface) (757×)H0369 1. existential negation: there is not (738×)H5869a 1. in the eyes/sight of (evaluative) (734×)H5650 1. Servant, attendant, subject (723×)H0408 1. prohibitive negation do-not (712×)G2443 1. so that, in order that (purpose/result) (665×)G0575 1. from (649×)G1223 1. through, by means of (582×)H3541 1. thus, so, in this manner (569×)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἰδέα [ῐ], Ionic dialect ἰδέη, ἡ, (ἰδεῖν) form, ἰδέᾳ καλός Refs 5th c.BC+; opposed to χρῶμα, Refs; opposed to μέγεθος, NT+5th c.BC+; of the elementary shapes, ἄτομοι ἰδέαι Refs 4th c.BC+; of the four elements, Philistion cited in Refs 1st c.AD+ __2 semblance, opposed to reality, γνώμην ἐξαπατῶσ᾽ ἰδέαι outward appearances cheat the mind, Refs 6th c.BC+ __3 kind, sort, φύλλα τοιῆσδε ἰδέης Refs 5th…