ἐντρέπ-ω G1788
To turn someone inward in shame or deference; either 'to put to shame, admonish' or 'to respect, revere' (middle/passive).
From ἐν (in) + τρέπω (turn), this verb literally means 'to turn someone inward,' and its two senses flow naturally from that root image. In the middle voice it describes a turning toward someone in deference — 'they will respect my son,' says the vineyard owner in Jesus' parable (Matt 21:37; Mark 12:6; Luke 20:13). In its active or causative use, it means turning someone inward in a very different way: making them feel shame. Paul wields it with pastoral care: 'I do not write this to shame you' (1 Cor 4:14). Spanish elegantly mirrors this split, using 'respetar' for reverence and 'avergonzar' for shaming.
1. respect, revere — To show respect, reverence, or deference toward a person, especially an authority figure. Predominantly used in the parable of the wicked tenants, where the vineyard owner sends his beloved son expecting the tenants 'will respect' him (Matt 21:37; Mark 12:6; Luke 20:13). Also appears for the unjust judge who 'neither feared God nor respected man' (Luke 18:2, 4) and for fatherly discipline that earns children's respect (Heb 12:9). Spanish 'respetar' and the underlying Greek middle voice both convey an inward turning of the self toward another in honor. 6×
AR["أَستَحيي","سَيَحتَرِمونَ","سَيَهابونَ","كُنَّا-نَهَابُهُمْ","يَستَحيونَ","يَستَحيي"]·ben["আমরা-সম্মান-করতাম","তারা-সম্মান-করবে","লজ্জা-করবে","সম্মান-করা","সম্মান-করি"]·DE["beschaemen","ἐντρέπομαι","ἐντραπήσονται","ἐντρεπόμενος","Ἐντραπήσονται"]·EN["I-respect","They-will-respect","respecting","they-will-respect","we-respected"]·FR["faire-honte"]·heb["יִכַּבְּדוּ","יִכַבְּדוּ","כִבַּדְנוּם","מְכַבֵּד","מְכַבֵּד-אֲנִי"]·HI["आदर-करेंगे","लज्जा-करता","लज्जा-करने-वाला","लज्जित-होंगे","हम-आदर-करते-थे"]·ID["Mereka-akan-menghormati","aku-segan","kita-menghormati;","mereka-akan-hormati","segan"]·IT["enetrepometha","vergognarsi"]·jav["Badhé-ajrih","kita-ajrih","kula-uwatosaken,","nguwatosaken.","sami-badhe-ngajeni","tiyang-tiyang-badhé-ajrih."]·KO["그들이-부끄러워하리라","부끄러워하리라","부끄러워하지","부끄러워하지-않지만","부끄러워할-것이다","우리가-공경했다"]·PT["Respeitarão","os-respeitávamos","respeitarão"]·RU["Постыдятся","Устыдятся","стыдящийся","стыжусь","уважали","устыдятся"]·ES["Respetarán","los-respetábamos","respetando","respetarán","respeto"]·SW["-","Watamheshimu","mwenye-kumheshimu","ninamheshimu","tuliwaheshimu","watamheshimu"]·TR["Saygı-duyacaklar","sayan","sayarlar","saygı-duyuyorduk","saygı-gösterecekler","sayıyorum"]·urd["شرماتا","شرماتا-تھا","عزت-کرتے-تھے","عزت-کریں","عزت-کریں-گے","لحاظ-کریں-گے"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
2. put to shame, make ashamed — To put to shame, cause someone to feel ashamed, or admonish by inducing a sense of moral embarrassment. Paul uses it pastorally in 1 Corinthians 4:14: 'I write not to shame you but to admonish you as beloved children.' In 2 Thessalonians 3:14 and Titus 2:8 the goal is corrective — producing healthy shame that leads to repentance. Spanish shifts distinctly to 'avergonzar' (to embarrass/shame), and Arabic uses forms meaning 'to be abashed,' confirming this as a recognized separate sense from respectful deference. 3×
AR["مُخْجِلاً","يَخجَلَ","يَخْجَلَ"]·ben["লজ্জিত-করতে","লজ্জিত-হয়","সে-লজ্জিত-হয়"]·DE["beschaemen"]·EN["he-may-be-ashamed","may-be-put-to-shame","shaming"]·FR["avoir-honte","faire-honte"]·heb["יִתְבַּיֵּשׁ","יִתְבַּיֵשׁ,","לְהַבְיִשׁ"]·HI["लज्जित-करता-हुआ","लज्जित-हो,","शरमिन्द-हो"]·ID["dia-malu.","malu,","memalukan"]·IT["entrapē","rispettare"]·jav["isin,","isin.","ngwirangaken"]·KO["그가-부끄러워하도록.","부끄러워하도록","부끄럽게-하며"]·PT["envergonhando","seja-envergonhado","seja-envergonhado,"]·RU["пристыжая","устыдился"]·ES["avergonzando","se-avergüence","sea-avergonzado"]·SW["aaibike","aaibishwe","kuwaaibisha"]·TR["utandırmak için","utansın","utansın,"]·urd["شرمندہ-کرتا-ہوا","شرمندہ-ہو","شرمندہ-ہو۔"]
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἐντρέπ-ω, turn about, τὰ νῶτα Refs 5th c.BC+; ἐξεστραμμένην ἕδραν ἐ. reduce prolapsed anus, Refs 2nd c.AD+; of a muscle, turn the eye in, Refs __2 mostly metaphorically, make one turn, put him to shame, NT+2nd c.AD+ __3 alter, Refs 2nd c.AD+ __4 middle, ἐντρέψασθαι· τὸ εἴσω τρέψαι τὸ ἱμάτιον, Refs 5th c.AD+ __II middle or passive, future ἐντραπήσομαι LXX; turn about, hesitate, especially feel…