2. then? (interrogative) — Interrogative particle (ἆρα with circumflex accent) introducing a question that expects uncertainty or a negative answer: 'then?' 'is it the case that...?' In Acts 8:30, Philip asks the Ethiopian eunuch 'Ἆρά γε γινώσκεις ἃ ἀναγινώσκεις;' — 'Do you then understand what you are reading?' The interrogative force is confirmed cross-linguistically: Arb 'hal' (interrogative particle), Heb 'ha'im' (interrogative prefix), Hin 'kya' (what?/is it?), Spa 'Acaso' (perhaps/by chance). In Gal 2:17 the form ἆρα likewise introduces a rhetorical question ('is Christ then a servant of sin?') with Arb 'afa-' (interrogative prefix) and Hin 'kya.' This interrogative usage is phonologically and functionally distinct from the inferential ἄρα, though both derive from the same Proto-Greek root. 1×
AR["هَلْ"]·ben["কি"]·DE["also"]·EN["then"]·FR["donc"]·heb["הַאִם"]·HI["क्या"]·ID["Apakah"]·IT["dunque-"]·jav["Menapa"]·KO["대체로"]·PT["Acaso"]·RU["разве-"]·ES["Acaso"]·SW["Je"]·TR["acaba"]·urd["کیا"]
▼ 1 more sense below
Senses
1. then, so, therefore — Inferential conjunction or particle drawing a logical conclusion from what precedes: 'then,' 'so,' 'therefore,' 'so then.' This is the overwhelmingly dominant NT sense, used in logical argumentation especially by Paul (Rom 5:18, 7:3,21,25, 8:1,12, 9:16,18, 10:17, 14:12,19; Gal 6:10; Eph 2:19) and in the Gospels for rhetorical conclusions (Matt 12:28, 18:1, 19:25,27, 24:45; Luke 1:66, 8:25, 11:20,48, 12:42, 22:23; Mark 4:41) and in Acts (11:18, 12:18, 21:38). Often combined with other particles: ἄρα οὖν (so then), ἄραγε (then indeed, Matt 7:20, 17:26). Cross-linguistically stable: Ger 'also,' Fra 'donc,' Spa 'entonces/asi-que,' Arb 'idhan,' Heb 'efo/az/lakhen/akhen' (then/truly/therefore), Kor 'geureomyeon/geureumeuro' (then/therefore), Hin 'to/tab/isliye/atah' (then/so/therefore). The variation between 'then' and 'so/therefore' reflects contextual English translation choices, not distinct Greek senses. 47×
AR["إذًا","إِذاً","إِذًا","إِذَن","إِذَنْ","تُرى","تُرَى"]·ben["আর","আসলে","তবে","তাহলে","বোধহয়"]·DE["also"]·EN["then","then-","therefore-"]·FR["donc"]·heb["אֲזַי","אִם-כֵּן","אֵפוֹא","אָז","אָכֵן"]·HI["अतः","आखिर","तब","तो","फ़िर","है"]·ID["Kalau-begitu","benar","gerangan","kah","kalau-begitu","kiranya","lalu","maka","mungkin","tentu"]·IT["dunque","dunque-"]·jav["dados","lajeng","mangké","mila","ta"]·KO["과연","그러면","대체","도대체"]·PT["Então","afinal","então","logo","portanto"]·RU["же","значит","итак","разве","следовательно","тогда"]·ES["*-pues","entonces","pues"]·SW["anaweza","basi","itakuwa","kweli","ni"]·TR["acaba","demek-ki","gerçekten-","hepsi-","muhtemelen-","öyleyse"]·urd["آخر","تو","فرض","پس","پھر","کیا"]
Matt 7:20, Matt 12:28, Matt 17:26, Matt 18:1, Matt 19:25, Matt 19:27, Matt 24:45, Mark 4:41, Luke 1:66, Luke 8:25, Luke 11:20, Luke 11:48 (+35 more)
BDB / Lexicon Reference
ἄρᾰ, Epic dialect ῥά (which is enclitic and used after monosyllables, ἦ, ὅς, γάρ, etc., or words ending in a vowel or diphthong, e.g. ἐπεί), before a consonant ἄρ (perhaps cf. Lithuanian i[rtilde] 'and'): expressing consequence, then, or mere succession, there and then, and in many derived uses. __A EARLIER USAGE: to denote, __A.I immediate transition, there and then, straightway, ὣς φάτο βῆ δ᾽…